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arXiv 2021年

作者： Huang, Yuanfei Huang, Qiao Duan, Jinqiao School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Mathematical Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Department of Statistics and Data Science National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore117546 Singapore School of Data Science City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences University of Lisbon Campo Grande Edifício C6 LisboaPT-1749-016 Portugal Division of Mathematical Sciences School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore637371 Singapore The Dongguan Key Laboratory for Data Science and Intelligent Medicine Department of Mathematics Department of Physics Great Bay University Guangdong Dongguan523000 China

The most probable transition paths of a stochastic dynamical system are the global minimizers of the Onsager–Machlup action functional and can be described by a necessary but not sufficient condition, the Euler–Lagrange equation (a second-order differential equation with initial-terminal conditions) from a variational principle. This work is devoted to showing a sufficient and necessary characterization for the most probable transition paths of stochastic dynamical systems with Brownian noise. We prove that, under appropriate conditions, the most probable transition paths are completely determined by a first-order ordinary differential equation. The equivalence is established by showing that the Onsager–Machlup action functional of the original system can be derived from the corresponding Markovian bridge process. For linear stochastic systems and the nonlinear Hongler’s model, the first-order differential equations determining the most probable transition paths are shown analytically to imply the Euler–Lagrange equations of the Onsager–Machlup functional. For general nonlinear systems, the determining first-order differential equations can be approximated, in a short time or for the small noise case. Some numerical experiments are presented to illustrate our results. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamical systems

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Electric Load Forecasting Based on Sparse Representation Model 13th

Electric Load Forecasting Based on Sparse Representation Mod...

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13th International Conference on Green, Pervasive, and Cloud computing, GPC 2018

作者： Huang, Fangwan Zheng, Xiangping Yu, Zhiyong Yang, Guanyi Guo, Wenzhong College of Mathematics and Computer Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou China Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing Ministry of Education Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030150921

Accurate electric load forecasting can prevent the waste of power resources and plays a crucial role in smart grid. The time series of electric load collected by smart meters are non-linear and non-stationary, which poses a great challenge to the traditional forecasting methods. In this paper, sparse representation model (SRM) is proposed as a novel approach to tackle this challenge. The main idea of SRM is to obtain sparse representation coefficients by the training set and the part of over-complete dictionary, and the rest part of over-complete dictionary multiplied with sparse representation coefficients can be used to predict the future load value. Experimental results demonstrate that SRM is capable of forecasting the complex electric load time series effectively. It outperforms some popular machine learning methods such as Neural Network, SVM, and Random Forest. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Electric load forecasting

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Building Surrogate Models of Nuclear Density Functional Theory with Gaussian Processesand Autoencoders

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Verriere, Marc Schunck, Nicolas Kim, Irene Marević, Petar Quinlan, Kevin NGo, Michelle N. Regnier, David Lasseri, Raphael David Nuclear and Data Theory group Nuclear and Chemical Science Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States Machine Intelligence group Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States Sensing and Intelligent Systems group Global Security Computing Applications Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States Centre Borelli ENS Paris-Saclay Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette91190 France Physics Department Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb10000 Croatia Applied Statistics Group Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94551 United States Center for Complex Biological Systems University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States Université Paris-Saclay CEA Laboratoire Matière en Conditions Extrêmes Bruyères-le-Châtel91680 France CEA DAM DIF Arpajon91297 France

From the lightest Hydrogen isotopes up to the recently synthesized Oganesson (Z = 118), it is estimated that as many as about 3000 atomic nuclei could exist in nature. Most of these nuclei are too short-lived to be occurring on Earth, but they play an essential role in astrophysical events such as supernova explosions or neutron star mergers that are presumed to be at the origin of most heavy elements in the Universe. Understanding the structure, reactions, and decays of nuclei across the entire chart of nuclides is an enormous challenge because of the experimental difficulties in measuring properties of interest in such fleeting objects and the theoretical and computational issues of simulating strongly-interacting quantum many-body systems. Nuclear density functional theory (DFT) is a fully microscopic theoretical framework which has the potential of providing such a quantitatively accurate description of nuclear properties for every nucleus in the chart of nuclides. Thanks to high-performance computing facilities, it has already been successfully applied to predict nuclear masses, global patterns of radioactive decay like β or γ decay, and several aspects of the nuclear fission process such as, e.g., spontaneous fission half-lives. Yet, predictive simulations of nuclear spectroscopy – the low-lying excited states and transitions between them – or of nuclear fission, or the quantification of theoretical uncertainties and their propagation to basic or applied nuclear science applications, would require several orders of magnitude more calculations than currently possible. However, most of this computational effort would be spent into generating a suitable basis of DFT wavefunctions. Such a task could potentially be considerably accelerated by borrowing tools from the field of machine learning and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we review different approaches to applying supervised and unsupervised learning techniques to nuclear DFT. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Correction to: Enhancing cyber defense strategies with discrete multi-dimensional Z-numbers: a multi-attribute decision-making approach

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Complex & intelligent Systems 2025年第7期11卷 1-1页

作者： Yao, Aiting Huang, Chen Zhang, Weiqi Dong, Chengzu Lu, Meiqu Mao, Junjun Liu, Xiao Li, Xuejun Anhui Provincial International Joint Research Center for Advanced Technology in Medical Imaging School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei China AI Techplus Pty Ltd Organization Melbourne Australia School of Information Technology Deakin University Geelong Australia School of Data Science Lingnan University Hongkong China School of Artificial Intelligence Guangxi Minzu University Nanning China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Hefei China

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Non-invasive biopsy diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease via deep learning applied to retinal images: a population-based study

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The Lancet Digital Health 2025年第5期7卷 100868页

作者： Meng, Ziyao Guan, Zhouyu Yu, Shujie Wu, Yilan Zhao, Yaoning Shen, Jie Lim, Cynthia Ciwei Chen, Tingli Yang, Dawei Ran, An Ran He, Feng Hamzah, Haslina Singh, Sarkaaj Abd Raof, Anis Syazwani Lee-Boey, Jian Wen Samuel Lim, Soo-Kun Sun, Xufang Ge, Shuwang Xu, Gang Su, Hua Cheng, Yang Lu, Feng Liao, Xiaofei Jin, Hai Deng, Chenxin Ruan, Lei Zhang, Cuntai Wu, Chan Dai, Rongping Jin, Yixiao Wang, Wenxiao Li, Tingyao Liu, Ruhan Li, Jiajia Shu, Jia Lu, Yuwei Wang, Xiangning Wu, Qiang Qin, Yiming Tang, Jin Sheng, Xiaohua Jiao, Qiong Yang, Xiaokang Guo, Minyi McKay, Gareth J Hogg, Ruth E Liew, Gerald Chee, Evelyn Yi Lyn Hsu, Wynne Lee, Mong Li Szeto, Simon Luk, Andrea O Y Chan, Juliana C N Cheung, Carol Y Tan, Gavin Siew Wei Tham, Yih-Chung Cheng, Ching-Yu Sabanayagam, Charumathi Lim, Lee-Ling Jia, Weiping Li, Huating Sheng, Bin Wong, Tien Yin Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Institute for Proactive Healthcare Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Diabetes Institute Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai China MOE Key Laboratory of AI School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Eye Center School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China Medical Records and Statistics Office Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Renal Medicine Singapore General Hospital SingHealth-Duke Academic Medical Centre Singapore Singapore Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Health and Medical Center Wuxi China Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Department of Nephrology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Nephrology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Ophthalmology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Centre for Big Dat

Background: Improving the accessibility of screening diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and differentiating isolated diabetic nephropathy from non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) are two major challenges in the field of diabetes care. We aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning system to detect DKD and isolated diabetic nephropathy from retinal fundus images. Methods: In this population-based study, we developed a retinal image-based AI-deep learning system, DeepDKD, pretrained using 734 084 retinal fundus images. First, for DKD detection, we used 486 312 retinal images from 121 578 participants in the Shanghai Integrated Diabetes Prevention and Care System for development and internal validation, and ten multi-ethnic datasets from China, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, and the UK (65 406 participants) for external validation. Second, to differentiate isolated diabetic nephropathy from NDKD, we used 1068 retinal images from 267 participants for development and internal validation, and three multi-ethnic datasets from China, Malaysia, and the UK (244 participants) for external validation. Finally, we conducted two proof-of-concept studies: a prospective real-world study with 3 months' follow-up to evaluate the effectiveness of DeepDKD in screening DKD;and a longitudinal analysis of the effectiveness of DeepDKD in differentiating isolated diabetic nephropathy from NDKD on renal function changes with 4·6 years' follow-up. Findings: For detecting DKD, DeepDKD achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0·842 (95% CI 0·838–0·846) on the internal validation dataset and AUCs of 0·791–0·826 across external validation datasets. For differentiating isolated diabetic nephropathy from NDKD, DeepDKD achieved an AUC of 0·906 (0·825–0·966) on the internal validation dataset and AUCs of 0·733–0·844 across external validation datasets. In the prospective study, compared with the metadata model, DeepDKD could detect DKD wit

关键词： Deep learning

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Efficient dynamical system resource management method in cloud computing

Efficient dynamical system resource management method in clo...

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7th International Symposium on Test Automation and Instrumentation, ISTAI 2018

作者： Wu, Tianshu Wang, Shuai Shi, Xiaoyu College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China China West Noraml Univerisity 637002 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing400714 China

The resource management of virtualisation system is a core issue in the field of cloud computing. For achieving the goal of efficient manage system resource without performance loss in clouding environment, the authors propose an optimal load balancing controller to assign the resource to different virtual machines, which run on a single physical server. Here, the authors focus on dynamical web workloads that the system resource management problem can be formulated as a dynamical optimisation problem. In the face of dynamical and robust workloads, the authors present an alternative approach based on the constrained boundary linear quadratic control (cBLQC) method, the optimal resource allocation scheme is solved by minimising the quadratic cost function with constrains on the system input and output. Different with existing works that assume a particular distribution for system noise or ignore the noise directly, the authors loosen the restrictions on system noise, which simply assume that system noise belongs with some reasonable norm-bounded set. Experiments on the Xen-based platform with a set of workload patterns show that the efficiency of authors’ method in terms of control precision and stability. © 2019 Institution of Engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cloud computing

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Improving the Efficiency of Blockchain Applications with Smart Contract based Cyber-insurance

Improving the Efficiency of Blockchain Applications with Sma...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Jia Xu Yongqi Wu Xiapu Luo Dejun Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security and Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hongkong China Department of Computer Science Colorado School of Mines Golden USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728150895

ISBN: (纸本)9781728150901

Blockchain based applications benefit from decentralization, data privacy, and anonymity. However, they may suffer from inefficiency due to underlying blockchain. In this paper, we aim to address this limitation while still enjoying the privacy and anonymity. Taking the blockchain based crowdsourcing system as an example, we propose a new smart contract based cyber-insurance framework, which can greatly shorten the delay, and enable the workers to obtain the economic compensation for increased security risk caused by a conflict between the need to provide service quickly and delay in payment. We model the process of determining insurance premium and number of confirmations as a Stackelberg Game and prove the existence of Stackelberg Equilibria, at which the utility of the requester is maximized, and none of the workers can improve its utility by unilaterally deviating from its current strategy. The experimental results show that our framework can definitely improve the time efficiency of crowdsourcing. Particularly, it takes on average only 33% of the time required by the naive blockchain based crowdsouring solution for time-sensitive cases.

关键词： Contracts Crowdsourcing Task analysis Insurance Bitcoin

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Asymptotic solution of a wide moving jam to a class of higher-order viscous traffic flow models

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第5期39卷 609-622页

作者： Chunxiu WU College of Mathematics and Computer Science Quanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhou 362000Fujian ProvinceChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Intensive Computing Quanzhou 362000Fujian ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing Quanzhou 362000Fujian ProvinceChina

The boundary-layer method is used to study a wide moving jam to a class of higher-order viscous models. The equations for characteristic parameters are derived to determine the asymptotic solution. The sufficient and essential conditions for the wide moving jam formation are discussed in detail, respectively, and then used to prove or disprove the existence of the wide moving jam solutions to many well-known higher-order models. It is shown that the numerical results agree with the analytical results.

关键词： higher-order traffic flow model wide moving jam boundary-layer method,weighted essentially nonoscillatory （WENO） scheme

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Poisoning attack against estimating from pairwise comparisons

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ma, Ke Xu, Qianqian Zeng, Jinshan Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming The School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Artificial Intelligence Research Center Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Computer and Information Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Jiangxi Nanchang330022 China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100093 China The School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management The School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

As pairwise ranking becomes broadly employed for elections, sports competitions, recommendation, information retrieval and so on, attackers have strong motivation and incentives to manipulate or disrupt the ranking list. They could inject malicious comparisons into the training data to fool the target ranking algorithm. Such a technique is called "poisoning attack" in regression and classification tasks. In this paper, to the best of our knowledge, we initiate the first systematic investigation of data poisoning attack on the pairwise ranking algorithms, which can be generally formalized as the dynamic and static games between the ranker and the attacker, and can be modeled as certain kinds of integer programming problems mathematically. To break the computational hurdle of the underlying integer programming problems, we reformulate them into the distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problems, which are computational tractable. Based on such DRO formulations, we propose two efficient poisoning attack algorithms and establish the associated theoretical guarantees including the existence of Nash equilibrium and the generalization ability bounds. The effectiveness of the suggested poisoning attack strategies is demonstrated by a series of toy simulations and several real data experiments. These experimental results show that the proposed methods can significantly reduce the performance of the ranker in the sense that the correlation between the true ranking list and the aggregated results with toxic data can be decreased dramatically. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Toys

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A microstrip-based sensor for glucose monitoring: towards non-invasive blood glucose detection

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Measurement 2025年 256卷

作者： Guodao Zhang Qiwen Zhang Chaochao Wang Xiaojun Ji Zhengqiu Weng Abdulilah Mohammad Mayet Xinjun Miao Institute of Intelligent Media Computing Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018 China Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Perceiving and Intelligent Systems Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314000 China Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering Co.Ltd. Hangzhou Dianzi University Shaoxing 312300 China Department of Cardiology Wenzhou Central Hospital Wenzhou 325000 China School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Wenzhou University of Technology Wenzhou 325000 China Electrical Engineering Department College of Engineering King Khalid University Abha Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Emergency Wenzhou Central Hospital Wenzhou 325000 China

In this study, a microstrip sensor with U-shaped resonators was designed and developed for non-invasive blood glucose measurement. The sensor comprises five U-shaped resonators forming a microstrip circuit, transmitting in the frequency ranges of 2–2.3 GHz and 3.9–4.2 GHz. Glucose solutions with concentrations from 50 mg/dL to 500 mg/dL were prepared and placed in a 3D-printed PLA container for testing. Samples were positioned non-contact on the sensor, and frequency response changes up to 6 GHz were recorded. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity, measuring 1.50 MHz per mg/dL. Due to environmental susceptibilities and the relatively low repeatability of microstrip sensors, each sample was tested five times, yielding a total of 50 measurements. These recorded responses were processed using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network, which predicted glucose concentrations with a mean relative error (MRE%) of less than 2.48 %. This research highlights the development of a highly sensitive, non-invasive glucose sensor integrated with a neural network, offering precise and rapid blood glucose measurements. This system holds promise as a valuable tool for managing diabetes and other blood glucose-related conditions.

关键词： Blood Glucose Measurement Microstrip Sensor Neural Network Non-invasive Detection U-Shaped Resonators

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