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Tilted Perpendicular Anisotropy-Induced Spin-Orbit Ratchet Effects

Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第7期41卷 181-186,I0001,I0002,I0003页

作者：陈彬龙垣图聂宇林凌姿瑀马天平张瑞轩吴义政骆泳铭王宁宁 School of Electronics and Information Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Wenzhou Institute of Hangzhou Dianzi University Wenzhou 325038China Anhui Key Laboratory of Magnetic Functional Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Using micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate the tilted perpendicular anisotropy-induced spin-orbit ratchet effect. In spin-orbit torque(SOT)-induced magnetization switching, the critical currents required to switch between the two magnetization states(upward and downward magnetization) are asymmetric. In addition, in the nanowire structure, tilted anisotropy induces formation of tilted domain walls(DWs). The tilted DWs exhibit a ratchet behavior during motion. The ratchet effect during switching and DW motions can be tuned by changing the current direction with respect to the tilting direction of anisotropy. The ratchet motion of the DWs can be used to mimic the leaky-integrate-fire function of a biological neuron, especially the asymmetric property of the “potential” and “reset” processes. Our results provide a full understanding of the influence of tilted perpendicular anisotropy on SOT-induced magnetization switching and DW motion, and are beneficial for designs of further SOT-based devices.

关键词： motion effect magnetization

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Contrastive Learning for Chest X-ray Classification: A Fusion of Topological data Analysis and ResNet 9

Contrastive Learning for Chest X-ray Classification: A Fusio...

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9th IEEE International Conference on data science in Cyberspace, DSC 2024

作者： Ren, Hao Luo, Zeyu Jing, Fengshi Zhang, Xinyue He, Han Yu, Yonghao Zhao, Dawei City University of Macau Faculty of Data Science China Minzu University of China Beijing China Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391367

Lung diseases such as pneumonia and tuberculosis present significant global health challenges, leading to millions of deaths annually. Chest X-ray imaging is crucial for diagnosing these conditions, but interpretation often relies on specialized radiologists, creating barriers in resource-limited areas. This study introduces a novel framework integrating topological data analysis (TDA), deep learning with ResNet-50, and contrastive learning to enhance the accuracy and computational efficiency of chest X-ray analysis. TDA captures global topological structures, while ResNet-50 extracts detailed local features. Contrastive learning then optimizes the feature space, enhancing the model's discriminative power and generalization capabilities. Comprehensive evaluations on multiple datasets demonstrate the framework's robustness and effectiveness, showing substantial improvements in diagnostic performance and computational efficiency. These findings suggest that the proposed approach is well-suited for real-time clinical applications, especially in resource-limited settings. Future work will focus on further optimizing the model and exploring its application to other medical imaging modalities, broadening its clinical utility. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Evolution of GPU virtualization to resource pooling 2

Evolution of GPU virtualization to resource pooling

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2nd International Conference on Electronic Information Technology, EIT 2023

作者： Liang, Guicai Daud, Siti Norbaya Ismail, Nor Alina Binti Center for Outcome-Based Education Research Faculty of Engineering Built Environment & Information Technology SEGi University Kota Damansara Malaysia Faculty of Data Science and Computing University Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Kota Bharu Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9781510666627

ISBN: (纸本)9781510666610

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the demand for Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) resources is also increasing rapidly. To improve the efficiency and utilization of GPU resources, virtualization technology has been widely used in the field of GPUs. This article reviews the evolution from GPU virtualization to resource pooling, including device simulation, GPU pass-through, hardware-assisted virtualization, GPU full virtualization, GPU remote-sharing, and GPU resource pools. The advantages and disadvantages of each stage and the challenges faced during the evolution process are also analyzed. This article discusses the difficulties and solutions of GPU resource pool construction, as well as the construction steps and framework, providing a reference for the research and application of GPU resource pooling. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Novel Fault Diagnosis Method Integrating D-L2-FDA and AdaBoost 8th

Novel Fault Diagnosis Method Integrating D-L2-FDA and AdaBo...

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8th International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence and intelligent Informatics, IWACIII 2023

作者： Zhao, Yang Ke, Wei Zhang, Wei Luo, Yi Zhu, Qun-Xiong He, Yan-Lin Zhang, Yang Zhang, Ming-Qing Xu, Yuan College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing100029 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent PSE Ministry of Education of China Beijing100029 China School of Applied Sciences Macao Polytechnic Institute SAR 999078 China Research Institute of Mine Big Data Chinese Institute of Coal Science Beijing100013 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819975891

Industrial process safety has always been a concern for engineers and researchers. Fault diagnosis frameworks based on data-driven methods are prevalent and play a vital role in guaranteeing industrial process safety. However, the data collected in actual industrial production regularly exhibits high-dimensional and complex timing characteristics. In this research, a new framework for fault diagnosis is constructed on the strength of dynamic L2-norm normalized fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) integrating with AdaBoost. Firstly, timing characteristic in industrial process is taken into account so that a dynamic fault dataset is constructed. Then, the FDA vectors are normalized by L2-norm and utilized to reduce data dimension which can learn fault patterns in feature extraction. In addition, an ensemble learning method named AdaBoost is adopted for pattern classification. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation experiments based on Tennessee Eastman process are carried out and satisfactory results are obtained. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Trace-based Multi-Dimensional Root Cause Localization of Performance Issues in Microservice Systems

Trace-based Multi-Dimensional Root Cause Localization of Per...

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International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Chenxi Zhang Zhen Dong Xin Peng Bicheng Zhang Miao Chen Fudan University China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Visual Computing China School of Computer Science and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science Fudan University China

ISBN: (数字)9798400702174

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382143

Modern microservice systems have become increasingly complicated due to the dynamic and complex interactions and runtime environment. It leads to the system vulnerable to performance issues caused by a variety of reasons, such as the runtime environments, communications, coordinations, or implementations of services. Traces record the detailed execution process of a request through the system and have been widely used in performance issues diagnosis in microservice systems. By identifying the execution processes and attribute value combinations that are common in anomalous traces but rare in normal traces, engineers may localize the root cause of a performance issue into a smaller scope. However, due to the complex structure of traces and the large number of attribute combinations, it is challenging to find the root cause from the huge search space. In this paper, we propose TraceContrast, a trace-based multidimensional root cause localization approach. TraceContrast uses a sequence representation to describe the complex structure of a trace with attributes of each span. Based on the representation, it combines contrast sequential pattern mining and spectrum analysis to localize multidimensional root causes efficiently. Experimental studies on a widely used microservice benchmark show that TraceContrast outperforms existing approaches in both multidimensional and instance-dimensional root cause localization with significant accuracy advantages. Moreover, Trace-Contrast is efficient and its efficiency can be further improved by parallel execution.

关键词： Location awareness Runtime environment Accuracy Microservice architectures Benchmark testing data mining Spectral analysis

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A Hybrid MTS Anomaly Detection Method Based on Reconstruction and Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Graph Network 13

A Hybrid MTS Anomaly Detection Method Based on Reconstructio...

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13th IEEE data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference, DDCLS 2024

作者： Yuan, X. Ning, Ke Wei, K. He, Yan-Lin Zhu, Qun-Xiong Zhang, Ming-Qing Luo, Yi Zhang, Yang College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing100020 China Ministry of Education of China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Pse Beijing100020 China Macao Polytechnic University Faculty of Applied Sciences 999078 China Research Institute of Mine Big Data Chinese Institute of Coal Science Beijing100013 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361674

Effective anomaly detection of multivariate time series data is crucial for modern industrial applications. However, existing works usually ignore spatial and temporal dependencies of series. The data with complicated spatial-temporal feature put forward higher requirements for accurate detection of anomalies. In this paper, we propose an anomaly detection method for multivariate time series based on spatial-temporal network (STN). Firstly, the time series are reconstructed by Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). The reconstruction block is used to amplify the influence of the abnormal state and prompt the anomalies more detectable, as poorly reconstructed data of abnormal state further worsen the quality of the final predicted value. Secondly, an adaptive learning graph structure layer is proposed. The graph structure is learned by adaptive method without any prior knowledge and is used for reconstructed data prediction. Thirdly, we use STN to extract spatial and temporal dependencies of series. Especially, attention mechanism is introduced into graph convolution network to enhance the prediction performance by focusing on more important neighbor node message. Finally, our model is tested on 3 public datasets to evaluate performance. The results demonstrate that our method performs better than baselines. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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An Improved YOLOv5s-Based Smoke Detection System for Outdoor Parking Lots

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3333-3349页

作者： Ruobing Zuo Xiaohan Huang Xuguo Jiao Zhenyong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and TechnologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520China State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of EducationQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China Text Computing&Cognitive Intelligence Engineering Research Center of National Education Ministry Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

In the rapidly evolving urban landscape,outdoor parking lots have become an indispensable part of the city’s transportation *** growth of parking lots has raised the likelihood of spontaneous vehicle combus-tion,a significant safety hazard,making smoke detection an essential preventative ***,the complex environment of outdoor parking lots presents additional challenges for smoke detection,which necessitates the development of more advanced and reliable smoke detection *** paper addresses this concern and presents a novel smoke detection technique designed for the demanding environment of outdoor parking ***,we develop a novel dataset to fill the gap,as there is a lack of publicly available *** dataset encompasses a wide range of smoke and fire scenarios,enhanced with data augmentation to ensure robustness against diverse outdoor ***,we utilize an optimized YOLOv5s model,integrated with the Squeeze-and-Excitation Network(SENet)attention mechanism,to significantly improve detection accuracy while maintaining real-time processing ***,this paper implements an outdoor smoke detection system that is capable of accurately localizing and alerting in real time,enhancing the effectiveness and reliability of emergency *** show that the system has a high accuracy in terms of detecting smoke incidents in outdoor scenarios.

关键词： YOLOv5s smoke detection deep learning SENet

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Physics-based fuid simulation in computer graphics: Survey, research trends, and challenges

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第5期10卷 803-858页

作者： Xiaokun Wang Yanrui Xu Sinuo Liu Bo Ren Jiri Kosinka Alexandru C.Telea Jiamin Wang Chongming Song Jian Chang Chenfeng Li Jian Jun Zhang Xiaojuan Ban Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering and School of Intelligence Science and Technologyand Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Center for Computer Animation Faculty of Media and CommunicationBournemouth UniversityPoole BH125BBUK. Bernoulli Institute University of GroningenGroningen 9700 AKthe Netherlands School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China. TMCC College of Computer ScienceNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Information and Computing Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584 CCthe Netherlands. Zienkiewicz Institute for Modelling Data and AISwansea UniversitySwansea SA18ENUK. Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China.

Physics-based fluid simulation has played an increasingly important role in the computer graphics *** methods in this area have greatly improved the generation of complex visual effects and its computational *** techniques have emerged to deal with complex boundaries,multiphase fluids,gas-liquid interfaces,and fine *** parallel use of machine learning,image processing,and fluid control technologies has brought many interesting and novel research *** this survey,we provide an introduction to theoretical concepts underpinning physics-based fuid simulation and their practical implementation,with the aim for it to serve as a guide for both newcomers and seasoned researchers to explore the field of physics-based fuid simulation,with a focus on developments in the last *** by the distribution of recent publications in the field,we structure our survey to cover physical background;discretization approaches;computational methods that address scalability;fuid interactions with other materials and interfaces;and methods for expressive aspects of surface detail and *** a practical perspective,we give an overview of existing implementations available for the above methods.

关键词： computer graphics physical simulation fluid simulation fluid coupling

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Cooperative structure of Li/Ni mixing and stacking faults for achieving high-capacity Co-free Li-rich oxides

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 315-324,I0007页

作者： Zhen Wu Yu-Han Zhang Hao Wang Zewen Liu Xudong Zhang Xin Dai Kunyang Zou Xiaoming Lou Xuechen Hu Lijing Ma Yan Liu Yongning Liu State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101ShandongChina Hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp Ltd Hefei 230088AnhuiChina Center for High Performance Computing Network Information CenterXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Wuhan Dongfeng Motor Corporation Ltd Wuhan 430056HubeiChina School of Materials Science and Intelligent Engineering Nanjing UniversitySuzhou 215163JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096JiangsuChina International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Co-free Li-rich layered oxides(LLOs)are emerging as promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries due to their low cost and high ***,they commonly face severe structural instability and poor electrochemical activity,leading to diminished capacity and voltage ***,we introduce a Co-free LLO,Li_(1.167)Ni_(0.222)Mn_(0.611)O_(2)(Cf-L1),which features a cooperative structure of Li/Ni mixing and stacking *** structure regulates the crystal and electronic structures,resulting in a higher discharge capacity of 300.6 mA h g^(-1)and enhanced rate capability compared to the typical Co-free LLO,Li_(1.2)Ni_(0.2)Mn_(0.6)O_(2)(Cf-Ls).Density functional theory(DFT)indicates that Li/Ni mixing in LLOs leads to increased Li-O-Li configurations and higher anionic redox activities,while stacking faults further optimize the electronic interactions of transition metal(TM)3d and non-bonding O 2p ***,stacking faults accommodate lattice strain,improving electrochemical reversibility during charge/discharge cycles,as demonstrated by the in situ XRD of Cf-L1 showing less lattice evolution than *** study offers a structured approach to developing Co-free LLOs with enhanced capacity,voltage,rate capability,and cyclability,significantly impacting the advancement of the next-generation Li-ion batteries.

关键词： Co-free Li-rich oxides Li/Ni mixing Stacking faults Electronic structure

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AI Fairness-From Machine Learning to Federated Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1203-1215页

作者： Lalit Mohan Patnaik Wenfeng Wang Consciousness Studies Program School of HumanitiesNational Institute of Advanced StudiesBangalore560012India Research Institute of Intelligent Engineering and Data Applications Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai201418China Research Center of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China Applied Nonlinear Science Lab Anand International College of EngineeringJaipur391320India London Institute of Technology The ASE-London CTI of SCOLondonCR26EQUK Sino-Indian Joint Research Center of AI and Robotics The IMT InstituteBhubaneswar752054India

This article reviews the theory of fairness in AI-frommachine learning to federated learning,where the constraints on precision AI fairness and perspective solutions are also *** a reliable and quantitative evaluation of AI fairness,many associated concepts have been proposed,formulated and ***,the inexplicability of machine learning systems makes it almost impossible to include all necessary details in the modelling stage to ensure *** privacy worries induce the data unfairness and hence,the biases in the datasets for evaluating AI fairness are *** imbalance between algorithms’utility and humanization has further reinforced *** for federated learning systems,these constraints on precision AI fairness still *** solution is to reconcile the federated learning processes and reduce biases and imbalances accordingly.

关键词： Formulation evaluation classification constraints imbalance biases

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