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Keeping speed and distance for aligned motion

Physical Review E 2015年第1期91卷 012807-012807页

作者： Illés J. Farkas Jeromos Kun Yi Jin (金祎) Gaoqi He (何高奇) Mingliang Xu (徐明亮) MTA-ELTE Statistical and Biological Physics Research Group (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) Pázmány Péter sétány 1A Budapest 1117 Hungary Regional Knowledge Center ELTE Faculty of Sciences Irányi Dániel u. 4. Székesfehérvár 8000 Hungary Department of Biological Physics Eötvös University Pázmány Péter sétány 1A Budapest 1117 Hungary Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang University Beijing 100191 China School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 China

The cohesive collective motion (flocking, swarming) of autonomous agents is ubiquitously observed and exploited in both natural and man-made settings, thus, minimal models for its description are essential. In a model with continuous space and time we find that if two particles arrive symmetrically in a plane at a large angle, then (i) radial repulsion and (ii) linear self-propelling toward a fixed preferred speed are sufficient for them to depart at a smaller angle. For this local gain of momentum explicit velocity alignment is not necessary, nor are adhesion or attraction, inelasticity or anisotropy of the particles, or nonlinear drag. With many particles obeying these microscopic rules of motion we find that their spatial confinement to a square with periodic boundaries (which is an indirect form of attraction) leads to stable macroscopic ordering. As a function of the strength of added noise we see—at finite system sizes—a critical slowing down close to the order-disorder boundary and a discontinuous transition. After varying the density of particles at constant system size and varying the size of the system with constant particle density we predict that in the infinite system size (or density) limit the hysteresis loop disappears and the transition becomes continuous. We note that animals, humans, drones, etc., tend to move asynchronously and are often more responsive to motion than positions. Thus, for them velocity-based continuous models can provide higher precision than coordinate-based models. An additional characteristic and realistic feature of the model is that convergence to the ordered state is fastest at a finite density, which is in contrast to models applying (discontinuous) explicit velocity alignments and discretized time. To summarize, we find that the investigated model can provide a minimal description of flocking.

关键词： ELECTROSTATIC flocking ANISOTROPY INTELLIGENT agents (computer software) UBIQUITOUS computing DISCRETIZATION methods computer engineering

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Incremental visualization of growing music collections 14

Incremental visualization of growing music collections

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14th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference, ISMIR 2013

作者： Stober, Sebastian Low, Thomas Gossen, Tatiana Nürnberger, Andreas Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Faculty of Computer Science University of Magdeburg DE Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780615900650

Map-based visualizations – sometimes also called projections – are a popular means for exploring music collections. But how useful are they if the collection is not static but grows over time? Ideally, a map that a user is already familiar with should be altered as little as possible and only as much as necessary to reflect the changes of the underlying collection. This paper demonstrates to what extent existing approaches are able to incrementally integrate new songs into existing maps and discusses their technical limitations. To this end, Growing Self-Organizing Maps, (Landmark) Multidimensional Scaling, Stochastic Neighbor Embedding, and the Neighbor Retrieval Visualizer are considered. The different algorithms are experimentally compared based on objective quality measurements as well as in a user study with an interactive user interface. In the experiments, the well-known Beatles corpus comprising the 180 songs from the twelve official albums is used – adding one album at a time to the collection. © 2013 International Society for Music Information Retrieval.

关键词： Visualization

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Evolving search user interfaces 3

Evolving search user interfaces

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3rd European Workshop on Human-computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, EuroHCIR 2013 - Co-located with the 36th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2013

作者： Gossen, Tatiana Nitsche, Marcus Nürnberger, Andreas Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Faculty of Computer Science Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany

When designing search user interfaces (SUIs), there is a need to target specific user groups. The cognitive abilities, fine motor skills, emotional maturity and knowledge of a sixty years old man, a fourteen years old teenager and a seven years old child differ strongly. These abilities influence the decisions made in the user interface (UI) design process of SUIs. Therefore, SUIs are usually designed and optimized for a certain user group. However, especially for young and elderly users, the design requirements change rapidly due to fast changes in users' abilities, so that a flexible modification of the SUI is needed. In this positional paper we introduce the concept of an evolving search user interface (ESUI). It adapts the UI dynamically based on the derived capabilities of the user interacting with it. We elaborate on user characteristics that change over time and discuss how each of them can influence the SUI design using an example of a girl growing from six to fourteen. We discuss the ways to detect current user characteristics. We also support our idea of an ESUI with a user study and present its first results. Copyright © 2013 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： User interfaces

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Towards persistent identification of resources in personal information management 3

Towards persistent identification of resources in personal i...

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3rd International Workshop on Semantic Digital Archives, SDA 2013 - Co-located with 17th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, TPDL 2013

作者： Haun, Stefan Nürnberger, Andreas Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Faculty of Computer Science Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Germany

Persistent identification is necessary for recognition, dissemination and (external) cross-references to digital objects. Uniform Re-source Identifiers (URIs) provide an established scheme for this task, but do not guarantee stable and persistent identification. In the context of (personal) archives, stability is needed when references are be stored on a medium where later changes to identifiers cannot be corrected at all or only with a very large overhead, such as WORM media or tape archives. Additionally, resources like contacts or appointments do not have a URI, while other URIs, such as file system paths or the IMAP URI, are unstable by design and cannot represent the dynamic aspects of Personal Information Management (PIM). This paper discusses problemsof archiving that arise with entity identification in PIM, especially on the example of the personal file system. © 2013 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： Information management

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Adaptation of a search user interface towards user needs - A prototype study with children & adults 13

Adaptation of a search user interface towards user needs - A...

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2013 Symposium on Human-computer Interaction and Information Retrieval, HCIR 2013

作者： Gossen, Tatiana Nitsche, Marcus Vos, Jana Nürnberger, Andreas Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Faculty of Computer Science Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450325707

Search user interfaces (SUIs) are usually designed and optimized for generic users or for a certain user group. Users within the group are similar, e.g. concerning their information need, search goals or cognitive skills. These properties influence decisions made in the user interface (UI) design process. However, especially for young and elderly users, design requirements change relatively fast due to changes in users' abilities, so a flexible modification of the SUI is needed. In order to overcome this issue, we suggest to develop an evolving search user interface (ESUI). It adapts the UI dynamically based on the derived capabilities of the user interacting with it. In this paper, we present a first prototypical implementation of this idea: A search user interface which takes the special requirements of children into account and is customizable towards their abilities. We offer adaptation in menu type and structure, search result visualization, surrogate structure, font, audio, theme and other SUI properties. This SUI was evaluated in a user study with 27 children and 17 adults. We present the results of the study and discuss implications for further research towards an ESUI. © 2013 ACM.

关键词： User interfaces

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An experimental comparison of similarity adaptation approaches

An experimental comparison of similarity adaptation approach...

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9th International Workshop on Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval, AMR 2011

作者： Stober, Sebastian Nürnberger, Andreas Data and Knowledge Engineering Group Faculty of Computer Science Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642374241

Similarity plays an important role in many multimedia retrieval applications. However, it often has many facets and its perception is highly subjective - very much depending on a person's background or retrieval goal. In previous work, we have developed various approaches for modeling and learning individual distance measures as a weighted linear combination of multiple facets in different application scenarios. Based on a generalized view of these approaches as an optimization problem guided by generic relative distance constraints, we describe ways to address the problem of constraint violations and finally compare the different approaches against each other. To this end, a comprehensive experiment using the Magnatagatune benchmark dataset is conducted. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： computers

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The FUSE domain-aware approach to user model interoperability: A comparative study

The FUSE domain-aware approach to user model interoperabilit...

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2013 IEEE 14th International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration, IEEE IRI 2013

作者： Walsh, Eddie O'Connor, Alexander Wade, Vincent Knowledge and Data Engineering Group School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College Dublin Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479910502

Exchanging user information between multiple sources can potentially bring many benefits that enhance the user experience in software applications. Richer and more dynamic user models can be constructed allowing more tailoring of content and services to the specific needs of individual users. However, providing effective interoperability is a complex challenge as there can be significant heterogeneity between user models. Current generic approaches and tools offer insufficient support for the complex domain-specific nature of many user model interoperability tasks. This paper presents a comparative study of the FUSE domain-aware approach to user model interoperability. This novel approach differs from existing generic approaches by incorporating domain knowledge in new processes and tools to support complex user model interoperability tasks in multiple overlapping domains. The FUSE approach is described and compared to existing state of the art approaches using a consistent set of key issues in user model interoperability. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Interoperability

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Multilingual vs. monolingual user models for personalized multilingual information retrieval

Multilingual vs. monolingual user models for personalized mu...

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21st International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, UMAP 2013

作者： Ghorab, M. Rami Lawless, Séamus O'Connor, Alexander Zhou, Dong Wade, Vincent Knowledge and Data Engineering Group School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College Dublin Ireland

This paper demonstrates that a user of multilingual search has different interests depending on the language used, and that the user model should reflect this. To demonstrate this phenomenon, the paper proposes and ev... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9783642388439

关键词： Information retrieval

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The narrative approach to personalisation

The narrative approach to personalisation

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作者： Conlan, Owen Staikopoulos, Athanasios Hampson, Cormac Lawless, Séamus O'Keeffe, Ian Knowledge and Data Engineering Group School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland

This article describes the narrative approach to personalisation. This novel approach to the generation of personalised adaptive hypermedia experiences employs runtime reconciliation between a personalisation strategy and a number of contextual models (e.g. user and domain). The approach also advocates the late binding of suitable content and services to the generated personalised pathway resulting in an interactive composition that comprises services as well as content. This article provides a detailed definition of the narrative approach to personalisation and showcases the approach through the examination of two use-cases: the personalised digital educational games developed by the ELEKTRA and 80Days projects;and the personalised learning activities realised as part of the AMAS project. These use-cases highlight the general applicability of the narrative approach and how it has been applied to create a diverse range of real-world systems. © 2013 Taylor and Francis group, LLC.

关键词： Hypermedia systems

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Modelling collaborative-driven supply chains: The ComVantage method

Modelling collaborative-driven supply chains: The ComVantage...

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7th IFAC Conference on Manufacturing Modelling, Management, and Control, MIM 2013

作者： Buchmann, Robert Karagiannis, Dimitris University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Knowledge Engineering Research Group Währingerstrasse 29 A-1090 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823359

The paper gives a design view on the first version of the ComVantage modelling method, aimed to support the design and analysis of supply chains that are collaborative, product-centric, process-driven and mapped on IT systems which rely on mobile apps and Linked data resources. The specification is the result of the conceptualization phase, in the context of a metamodelling specification framework comprising a modelling language, a modelling procedure and a set of mechanisms to be implemented in a modelling tool. The aim is to bridge the business-IT gap and to support modelling activities in the Future Internet Enterprise supply chains on multiple abstraction and detail levels, and also to facilitate their alignment to domain-specific frameworks such as SCOR or VRM. © IFAC.

关键词： Supply chains

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