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Community Science 2023年第1期2卷

作者： Win Cowger Itzel Gomez Norma Martinez-Rubin Ann Moriarty Todd Harwell Lisa Anich Moore Institute for Plastic Pollution Research Long Beach CA USA University of California Riverside Riverside CA USA W. Cowger Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Software Validation Formal analysis Investigation Data curation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Visualization Supervision EarthTeam Richmond CA USA Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Formal analysis Investigation Resources Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Project administration Funding acquisition Pinole Creek Thriving Earth Exchange Pinole CA USA Pinole City Council Pinole CA USA Friends of Pinole Creek Watershed Board of Directors Pinole CA USA Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Formal analysis Investigation Data curation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Supervision Project administration Funding acquisition Thriving Earth Exchange American Geophysical Union Washington DC USA UC Davis Center for Community and Citizen Science Davis CA USA Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Supervision Project administration Contra Costa Resource Conservation District Concord CA USA Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Validation Formal analysis Investigation Resources Data curation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Supervision Project administration Funding acquisition

California is one of the only states actively managing trash in its rivers. Several community groups in Pinole, CA, USA collaborated on a Thriving Earth Exchange community science project. Its purpose was to assess the trash in Pinole Creek and identify policy development opportunities for the community. The key scientific questions were: how much trash was in the creek at the time of the study, what types of trash were most abundant, and where should the community be most concerned about trash in the creek? The team enlisted additional community volunteers at local events. A randomized sampling design and a community science-adapted version of The San Francisco Estuary institute's Trash Monitoring Playbook was used to survey the trash in the creek. The Thriving Earth Team estimated there were 37 m 3 and 47,820 pieces of total trash in the creek channel with an average concentration of 2 m 3 per km and 2,697 pieces per km. The community gained an understanding of the scale of the problem. Plastic and single-use trash were most abundant, and the community members expressed high concern about plastic single-use food packaging and tobacco-related waste. The community identified locations in the creek where trash was abundant and prioritized follow-up study locations. Seven new recommendations were presented to the Pinole City Council. The City Council unanimously voted to further discuss ordinance-related recommendations. And that was when community science contributed to local policy development. A community science project was conducted in Pinole California to assess trash in Pinole Creek and propose policies for mitigation. The community surveyed trash in the creek and collected data in collaboration with a scientist. The community recommended several policies and actions to the Pinole City Council which were welcomed for advancement by the City Council.

关键词： Thriving Earth Exchange litter trash water quality plastic pollution assessment

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Global Riverine Export of Dissolved Lignin Constrained by Hydrology, Geomorphology, and Land-Cover

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Global Biogeochemical Cycles 2023年第4期37卷 e2022GB007607-e2022GB007607页

作者： Hongyan Bao Ying Wu Xiaoqian Zhan Xiaona Wang Robert G. M. Spencer Peter J. Hernes Xiaojuan Feng Li-Chin Lee Jr-Chuan Huang Jingjing Zhang Hongwei Zhao Shuh-Ji Kao Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen China H. Bao and Y. Wu Contribution: Conceptualization Formal analysis Data curation Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Funding acquisition State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China Contribution: Conceptualization Writing - review & editing Funding acquisition Contribution: Data curation Visualization Contribution: Data curation Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA Contribution: Writing - review & editing Department of Land Air and Water Resources University of California Davis CA USA State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Geography National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan University Haikou China Center for Eco-Environment Restoration of Hainan Province College of Environment and Ecology Hainan University Haikou China Contribution: Writing - review & editing Funding acquisition Contribution: Conceptualization Writing - review & editing

The land-to-ocean export of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) links the two largest organic carbon (OC) pools on Earth and is changing due to anthropogenic activity and climate change. Lignin phenols are often utilized as diagnostic markers for tDOM in aquatic systems, but information on the global dissolved lignin flux is still uncertain as linkages between future changes in export and global changes are poorly constrained. Thirty-two new measurements from 15 Chinese rivers and 548 measurements collected from 97 global rivers were combined to analyze its distributions, fluxes, and potential controls. Dissolved lignin concentrations (in μg L−1) varied by more than two orders of magnitude (0.7–138 μg L−1) and were positively correlated with dissolved OC (DOC) concentrations globally, suggesting coupled export of dissolved lignin and DOC. The carbon-normalized lignin yields (in mg g OC−1) varied by an order of magnitude (<1–30 mg (g OC)−1) and was significantly lower in the Arctic than in temperate and tropical rivers. Correlation analyses indicated that the dissolved lignin flux (FLignin) was mainly affected by water discharge and mean basin slope, while the area-normalized yield of dissolved lignin as well as discharge-weighted lignin concentration strongly and positively correlated with forest coverage. We, for the first time, estimated global FLignin ranges from 0.58 to 1.2 Tg yr−1 by using different approaches. Our synthesis reveals that future changes in land-cover that is driven by climate change as well as other human activities would impose a significant influence on the land-to-ocean export of tDOM.

关键词： dissolved lignin land-cover global flux terrestrial organic matter

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Efficient dense reconstruction using geometry and image consistency constraints

Efficient dense reconstruction using geometry and image cons...

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IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop, AIPR 2015

作者： Shashkov, Mikhail M. Mak, Jason Recker, Shawn Nguyen, Connie Owens, John Joy, Kenneth I. Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization University of California - Davis DavisCA95616 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467395588

We introduce a method for creating very dense reconstructions of datasets, particularly turn-table varieties. The method takes in initial reconstructions (of any origin) and makes them denser by interpolating depth values in two-dimensional image space within a superpixel region and then optimizing the interpolated value via image consistency analysis across neighboring images in the dataset. One of the core assumptions in this method is that depth values per pixel will vary gradually along a gradient for a given object. As such, turntable datasets, such as the dinosaur dataset, are particularly easy for our method. Our method modernizes some existing techniques and parallelizes them on a GPU, which produces results faster than other densification methods. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Phonographs

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Efficient dense reconstruction using geometry and image consistency constraints

Efficient dense reconstruction using geometry and image cons...

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Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)

作者： Mikhail M. Shashkov Jason Mak Shawn Recker Connie Nguyen John Owens Kenneth I. Joy Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization University of California - Davis Davis California

关键词： Image reconstruction Cameras Three-dimensional displays Interpolation Feature extraction Reconstruction algorithms Shape

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Uncertainty, Baseline, and Noise analysis for L1 Error-Based Multi-view Triangulation

Uncertainty, Baseline, and Noise Analysis for L1 Error-Based...

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Mauricio Hess-Flores Shawn Recker Kenneth I. Joy Institute for Data Analysis Visualization University of California Davis

ISBN: (纸本)9781479952106

A comprehensive uncertainty, baseline, and noise analysis in computing 3D points using a recent L1-based triangulation algorithm is presented. This method is shown to be not only faster and more accurate than its main competitor, linear triangulation, but also more stable under noise and baseline changes. A Monte Carlo analysis of covariance and a confidence ellipsoid analysis were performed over a large range of baselines and noise levels for different camera configurations, to compare performance between angular error-based and linear triangulation. Furthermore, the effect of baseline and noise was analyzed for true multi-view triangulation versus pair wise stereo fusion. Results on real and synthetic data show that L1 angular error-based triangulation has a positive effect on confidence ellipsoids, lowers covariance values and results in more-accurate pair wise and multi-view triangulation, for varying numbers of cameras and configurations.

关键词： Cameras Three-dimensional displays Noise Uncertainty Covariance matrices Ellipsoids Image reconstruction

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Semi-autonomous digitization of real-world environments

Semi-autonomous digitization of real-world environments

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International Conference on Computer Games (CGAMES)

作者： Mikhail M. Shashkov Connie S. Nguyen Mario Yepez Mauricio Hess-Flores Kenneth I. Joy Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization University of California Davis USA

In recent years, the computational power and graphics capabilities of our computers and gaming consoles has advanced to the point that we can render photo-realistic realworld environments in real-time. This capability has been utilized to make immersive games, serious games, and simulations. While computers and consoles are affordable for the consumer, the technology used to scan environments can be too expensive or time-consuming for most developers. In this paper, we seek to find a viable low-cost alternative to these expensive technologies by analyzing the efficacy of cheap hardware (Kinect and personal cameras), computer vision algorithms (KinectFusion and structure-from-motion), and post-processing tools (MeshLab) in the context of a popular free game engine, Unity. Our results demonstrate workflows that are viable for the needs of many developers.

关键词： Games Image reconstruction Three-dimensional displays Computer vision Cameras Real-time systems Indoor environments

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Visual exploration of relationships between document clusters

Visual exploration of relationships between document cluster...

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5th International Conference on Information visualization Theory and Applications, IVAPP 2014

作者： Jusufi, Ilir Kerren, Andreas Liu, Jiayi Zimmer, Björn Linnaeus University Department of Computer Science ISOVIS Group Växjö Sweden Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization Department of Computer Science University of California Davis United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789897580055

The visualization of networks with additional attributes attached to the network elements is one of the ongoing challenges in the information visualization domain. Such so-called multivariate networks regularly appear in various application fields, for instance, in data sets which describe friendship networks or co-authorship networks. Here, we focus on networks that are based on text documents, i.e., the network nodes represent documents and the edges show relationships between them. Those relationships can be derived from common topics or common co-authors. Attached attributes may be specific keywords (topics), keyword frequencies, etc. The analysis of such multivariate networks is challenging, because a deeper understanding of the data provided depends on effective visualization and interaction techniques that are able to bring all types of information together. In addition, automatic analysis methods should be used to support the analysis process of potentially large amounts of data. In this paper, we present a visualization approach that tackles those analysis problems. Our implementation provides a combination of new techniques that shows intra-cluster and inter-cluster relations while giving insight into the content of the cluster attributes. Hence, it facilitates the interactive exploration of the networks under consideration by showing the relationships between node clusters in context of network topology and multivariate attributes.

关键词： visualization

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Depth data assisted structure-from-motion parameter optimization and feature track correction

Depth data assisted structure-from-motion parameter optimiza...

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Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)

作者： Shawn Recker Christiaan Gribble Mikhail M. Shashkov Mario Yepez Mauricio Hess-Flores Kenneth I. Joy Applied Technology Operation SURVICE Engineering Belcamp Maryland Institute of Data Analysis and Visualization University of California Davis Davis California

Structure-from-Motion (SfM) applications attempt to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) geometry of an underlying scene from a collection of images, taken from various camera viewpoints. Traditional optimization techniques in SfM, which compute and refine camera poses and 3D structure, rely only on feature tracks, or sets of corresponding pixels, generated from color (RGB) images. With the abundance of reliable depth sensor information, these optimization procedures can be augmented to increase the accuracy of reconstruction. This paper presents a general cost function, which evaluates the quality of a reconstruction based upon a previously established angular cost function and depth data estimates. The cost function takes into account two error measures: first, the angular error between each computed 3D scene point and its corresponding feature track location, and second, the difference between the sensor depth value and its computed estimate. A bundle adjustment parameter optimization is implemented using the proposed cost function and evaluated for accuracy and performance. As opposed to traditional bundle adjustment, in the event of feature tracking errors, a corrective routine is also present to detect and correct inaccurate feature tracks. The filtering algorithm involves clustering depth estimates of the same scene point and observing the difference between the depth point estimates and the triangulated 3D point. Results on both real and synthetic data are presented and show that reconstruction accuracy is improved.

关键词： Cameras Three-dimensional displays Cost function Image reconstruction Accuracy Solid modeling

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Sequential reconstruction segment-wise feature track and structure updating based on parallax paths

Sequential reconstruction segment-wise feature track and str...

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11th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, ACCV 2012

作者： Hess-Flores, Mauricio Duchaineau, Mark A. Joy, Kenneth I. Institute for Data Analysis and Visualization University of California Davis CA United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642374302

This paper presents a novel method for multi-view sequential scene reconstruction scenarios such as in aerial video, that exploits the constraints imposed by the path of a moving camera to allow for a new way of detecting and correcting inaccuracies in the feature tracking and structure computation processes. The main contribution of this paper is to show that for short, planar segments of a continuous camera trajectory, parallax movement corresponding to a viewed scene point should ideally form a scaled and translated version of this trajectory when projected onto a parallel plane. This creates two constraints, which differ from those of standard factorization, that allow for the detection and correction of inaccurate feature tracks and to improve scene structure. Results are shown for real and synthetic aerial video and turntable sequences, where the proposed method was shown to correct outlier tracks, detect and correct tracking drift, and allow for a novel improvement of scene structure, additionally resulting in an improved convergence for bundle adjustment optimization. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Antennas

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Feature track summary visualization for sequential multi-view reconstruction

Feature track summary visualization for sequential multi-vie...

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Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)

作者： Shawn Recker Mauricio Hess-Flores Kenneth I. Joy Institute of Data Analysis and Visualization University of California Davis Davis California

ISBN: (纸本)9781479925414

Analyzing sources and causes of error in multi-view scene reconstruction is difficult. In the absence of any ground-truth information, reprojection error is the only valid metric to assess error. Unfortunately, inspecting reprojection error values does not allow computer vision researchers to attribute a cause to the error. A visualization technique to analyze errors in sequential multi-view reconstruction is presented. By computing feature track summaries, researchers can easily observe the progression of feature tracks through a set of frames over time. These summaries easily isolate poor feature tracks and allow the observer to infer the cause of a delinquent track. This visualization technique allows computer vision researchers to analyze errors in ways previously unachieved. It allows for a visual performance analysis and comparison between feature trackers, a previously unachieved result in the computer vision literature. This framework also provides the foundation to a number of novel error detection and correction algorithms.

关键词： Image reconstruction visualization Cameras Computer vision Measurement data visualization Image color analysis

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