This paper describes an evolving Arithmetic Design System (ADS) to support the quantitative evaluation of alternate number systems with respect to a given application and realization technology. In computer arithmetic...
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This paper describes an evolving Arithmetic Design System (ADS) to support the quantitative evaluation of alternate number systems with respect to a given application and realization technology. In computer arithmetic we are concerned with establishing a correspondence between abstract quantities (numbers) and some physical representation (symbols), and with simulating the operations on these symbols. The ADS is intended to help study the cost and performance of alternate simulations. A finite number system is a triple consisting of a symbol set (elements are called "digit-vectors"), an interpretation set, a mapping between these two sets, and a set of operators (digit-vector algorithms) defined on its symbol set. A set of these digit vector algorithms are proposed for conducting arithmetic design. A number system matrix defines the digit vector algorithm for numerous number systems and a method for computing time and space complexity of compositions of these algorithms is proposed. An example of how the system could be used to compare addition, with and without overflow detection, for three number systems is given.
作者：
Atkins, Daniel E.Ong, Shau-ChiProgram in Computer
Information and Control Engineering the Systems Engineering Laboratory of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States
Component and time complexity measures in terms of number of gates and gate delays, respectively, are derived for two multioperand adder structures: a tree of carry-save adders and a tree of carry-lookahead adders. Th...
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This paper provides analysis and computational results relating to the dynamic behavior of shortest path routing algorithms for store and forward communication networks. A companion paper [1] focuses on networks with ...
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This paper provides analysis and computational results relating to the dynamic behavior of shortest path routing algorithms for store and forward communication networks. A companion paper [1] focuses on networks with a single destination. The present work considers networks with multiple destinations.
A suboptimal dynamic compensator to be used in conjunction with the ordinary discrete-time Kalman filter is derived. The resultant compensated Kalman filter has the property that steady-state bias estimation errors, r...
The two‐dimensional steady‐state distribution of lower hybrid waves is governed by the complex modified Korteweg–deVries equation, vτ+vξξξ+(‖v‖2v)ξ=0, where v is proportional to the electric field and ξ and...
The two‐dimensional steady‐state distribution of lower hybrid waves is governed by the complex modified Korteweg–deVries equation, vτ+vξξξ+(‖v‖2v)ξ=0, where v is proportional to the electric field and ξ and τ are two spatial coordinates. The equation is studied numerically. Two types of solitary waves can arise; one is a constant phase pulse, whereas the other is an envelope solitary wave. These solitary waves are not solitons. The occurrence of the constant phase pulses points to the possibility of internal reflections due to scattering off ponderomotive density fluctuations. This necessitates solving the equation as a boundary value problem. With typical fields for lower hybrid heating of a tokamak, it is found that large reflections can occur close to the edge of the plasma.
This paper describes the application of linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control theory to the design of electronic automotive engine controls. The resulting structure of the control is different from conventional contro...
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This paper describes the application of linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control theory to the design of electronic automotive engine controls. The resulting structure of the control is different from conventional controls in that the accelerator pedal is connected to the microcomputercontrol rather than directly to the fuel metering device. This strategy is analogous to the "fly by wire" aircraft concept. Simulation results indicate that this approach has better engine torque and speed responses to driver commands. This suggests the possibility of improved vehicular driveability. A LQ tracking controller was designed using constant coefficient state variable models (17 states) obtained by linearizing about nominal operating points. Time delays were modelled by first order Pade approximations. Carburetor throttle blade position, spark advance, exhaust gas recirculation, and fuel flow were defined as controls and output variables include speed, torque, manifold vacuum, fuel and air flows, and exhaust emissions (carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen). It is assumed that both engine torque and exhaust emissions are similarly affected by actuator, intake, and combustion dynamics thereby allowing the experimental models to be derived from torque response data. Parameter values for the models are derived from measured static data and perturbation frequency response tests about the nominal operating conditions. Simulations show that the optimal design has superior driver command step response performance. Whereas the conventionally controlled lean calibrated engine has a torque sag (suggestive of poor driveability) the optimal design yields a smooth torque increase with no torque undershoot. This is explained physically by the fact that the LQ controller slows down the air control loop (throttle) to match the slower fuel control loop dynamics thereby avoiding the lean air-fuel ratio transients which are the main cause of the torque sag. In addition, the spark
作者：
Atkins, D.E.Program in Computer
Information and Control Engineering Systems Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States
An approach to the topic of computer arithmetic is suggested which may have a particular conceptual, pedagodical, and practical appeal to the designer of multiple-valued logic processors. computer arithmetic deals wit...
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This paper presents the results of one phase of a study concerning methods for addition of P>;2 numbers, each encoded as a vector of digits (digit vector) of length N. Such multi-operand addition has been studied m...
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This paper presents the results of one phase of a study concerning methods for addition of P>;2 numbers, each encoded as a vector of digits (digit vector) of length N. Such multi-operand addition has been studied most often in the context of reducing a set of partial products to a single result in the implementation of multiplication. More generalized multi-operand addition, most notably in the form of inner product calculations is, however, central to numerous scientific applications of digital computers. Although multi-operand addition is trivially accomplished by accumulation (iteration in time) in any general purpose machine, demands for very high-speed computation, typified by 2- and 3-D signal processing prompt implementation of dedicated, hardware-intensive structures for multi-operand addition. This study, for example, is motivated in part by requirements for rapid simultaneous addition of up to 100, 16-bit operands in the design of a dedicated processor for real-time reconstruction of 3-D images of the beating heart and breathing lungs [1].
The decentralized stochastic control of a linear dynamic system consisting of several subsystems is considered. A two-level approach is used by the introduction of a coordinator who collects measurements from the loca...
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