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Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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Preface

Lecture Notes in Networks and systems 2023年 729 LNNS卷 v-vi页

作者： Vasant, Pandian Weber, Gerhard-Wilhelm Arefin, Mohammad Shamsul Rodriguez-Aguilar, Roman Panchenko, Vladimir Munapo, Elias Thomas, J. Joshua Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Modeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Computer Science Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong Bangladesh Laboratory of Non-traditional Energy Systems Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM Russian University of Transport Moscow Russia Department of Computer Science UOW Malaysia KDU Penang University College George Town Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Management Poznań University of Technology Poznan Poland School of Economics and Decision Sciences North West University Mmabatho South Africa Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales School of Economic and Business Sciences Universidad Panamericana Mexico City Mexico

Convex Relaxation with Log-Determinant Divergence-L1 Regularization for 3D Shape Reconstruction

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Convex Relaxation with Log-Determinant Divergence-L1 Regular...

第三十八届中国控制会议

作者： Wei Cao Luefeng Chen Min Wu Witold Pedrycz School of Automation China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta

Investigated is the problem of estimating the 3 D shape of an object defined by a set of 3 D landmarks with their 2 D correspondences in a single image. To solve this problem, we use a dictionary of the basic shape with LDD-L1 regularization,which is the construction of the shape space model. Based on the proposed convex optimization method, 3 D human pose reconstruction by shape space model and 3 D variable shape model was carried out on the mocap database. To improve accuracy and reduce the number of iterations, we use PSO algorithm to optimize initial value of the key parameter. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm exhibits less iterations but higher accuracy, which can be much helpful in practical applications.

关键词： LDD-L1 regularization 3D reconstruction PSO

Wide-angle giant photonic spin Hall effect

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Chen, Zhihao Chen, Yu Wu, Yaodong Zhou, Xinxing Sun, Handong Low, Tony Chen, Hongsheng Lin, Xiao Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China International Joint Innovation Center ZJU-UIUC Institute The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining314400 China

Photonic spin Hall effect is a manifestation of spin-orbit interaction of light and can be measured by a transverse shift δ of photons with opposite spins. The precise measurement of transverse shifts can enable many spin-related applications, such as precise metrology and optical sensing. However, this transverse shift is generally small (i.e. δ/λ -1, λ is the wavelength), which impedes its precise measurement. To-date proposals to generate giant spin Hall effect (namely with δ/λ > 102) have severe limitations, particularly its occurrence only over a narrow angular cone (with a width of ∆0 70◦ by exploiting the interface between free space and uniaxial epsilon-near-zero media. The underlying mechanism is ascribed to the almost-perfect polarization splitting between s and p polarized waves at the designed interface. Remarkably, this almost-perfect polarization splitting does not resort to the interference effect and is insensitive to the incident angle, which then gives rise to the wide-angle giant photonic spin Hall effect. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polarization

Power system state estimation via feasible point pursuit: Algorithms and Cramér-rao bound

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Power system state estimation via feasible point pursuit: Al...

作者： Wang, Gang Zamzam, Ahmed S. Giannakis, Georgios B. Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Digital Technology Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

Accurately monitoring the system's operating point is central to the reliable and economic operation of an autonomous energy grid. Power system state estimation (PSSE) aims to obtain complete voltage magnitude and angle information at each bus given a number of system variables at selected buses and lines. Power flow analysis amounts to solving a set of noise-free power flow equations, and is cast as a special case of PSSE. Physical laws dictate quadratic relationships between available quantities and unknown voltages, rendering general instances of power flow and PSSE nonconvex and NP-hard. Past approaches are largely based on gradient-type iterative procedures or semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Due to nonconvexity, the solution obtained via gradient-type schemes depends on initialization, while SDR methods do not perform as desired in challenging scenarios. This paper puts forth novel feasible point pursuit (FPP)-based solvers for power flow analysis and PSSE, which iteratively seek feasible solutions for a nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programming reformulation of the weighted least-squares (WLS). Relative to the prior art, the developed solvers offer superior numerical performance at the cost of higher computational complexity. Furthermore, they converge to a stationary point of the WLS problem. As a baseline for comparing different estimators, the Cramér-Rao lower bound is derived for the fundamental PSSE problem in this paper. Judicious numerical tests on several IEEE benchmark systems showcase markedly improved performance of our FPP-based solvers for both power flow and PSSE tasks over popular WLS-based Gauss-Newton iterations and SDR approaches. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： State estimation

Finite impulse response models: A non-asymptotic analysis of the least squares estimator

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Djehiche, Boualem Mazhar, Othmane Rojas, Cristian R. Department of Mathematics School of Engineering Sciences Kth Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm100 44 Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kth Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-100 44

We consider a finite impulse response system with centered independent sub-Gaussian design covariates and noise components that are not necessarily iden-tically distributed. We derive non-asymptotic near-optimal estimation and prediction bounds for the least squares estimator of the parameters. Our results are based on two concentration inequalities on the norm of sums of dependent covariate vectors and on the singular values of their covariance operator that are of independent value on their own and where the dependence arises from the time shift structure of the time series. These results generalize the known bounds for the independent case. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Covariance matrix

Recursive network estimation from binary-valued observation data

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Xing, Yu He, Xingkang Fang, Haitao Johansson, Karl Henrik Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSE-10044 Sweden

This paper studies the problem of recursively estimating the weighted adjacency matrix of a network out of a temporal sequence of binary-valued observations. The observation sequence is generated from nonlinear networked dynamics in which agents exchange and display binary outputs. Sufficient conditions are given to ensure stability of the observation sequence and identifiability of the system parameters. It is shown that stability and identifiability can be guaranteed under the assumption of independent standard Gaussian disturbances. Via a maximum likelihood approach, the estimation problem is transformed into an optimization problem, and it is verified that its solution is the true parameter vector under the independent standard Gaussian assumption. A recursive algorithm for the estimation problem is then proposed based on stochastic approximation techniques. Its strong consistency is established and convergence rate analyzed. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the results and to show that the proposed algorithm is insensitive to small unmodeled factors. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Approximation theory

A statistical learning approach to reactive power control in distribution systems

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yang, Qiuling Sadeghi, Alireza Wang, Gang Giannakis, Georgios B. Sun, Jian State Key Lab of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States

Pronounced variability due to the growth of renewable energy sources, flexible loads, and distributed generation is challenging residential distribution systems. This context, motivates well fast, efficient, and robust reactive power control. Real-time optimal reactive power control is possible in theory by solving a non-convex optimization problem based on the exact model of distribution flow. However, lack of high-precision instrumentation and reliable communications, as well as the heavy computational burden of non-convex optimization solvers render computing and implementing the optimal control challenging in practice. Taking a statistical learning viewpoint, the input-output relationship between each grid state and the corresponding optimal reactive power control is parameterized in the present work by a deep neural network, whose unknown weights are learned offline by minimizing the power loss over a number of historical and simulated training pairs. In the inference phase, one just feeds the real-time state vector into the learned neural network to obtain the 'optimal' reactive power control with only several matrix-vector multiplications. The merits of this novel statistical learning approach are computational efficiency as well as robustness to random input perturbations. Numerical tests on a 47-bus distribution network using real data corroborate these practical merits. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

Two-timescale voltage control in distribution grids using deep reinforcement learning

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yang, Qiuling Wang, Gang Sadeghi, Alireza Giannakis, Georgios B. Sun, Jian State Key Lab of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States

Modern distribution grids are currently being challenged by frequent and sizable voltage fluctuations, due mainly to the increasing deployment of electric vehicles and renewable generators. Existing approaches to maintaining bus voltage magnitudes within the desired region can cope with either traditional utility-owned devices (e.g., shunt capacitors), or contemporary smart inverters that come with distributed generation units (e.g., photovoltaic plants). The discrete on-off commitment of capacitor units is often configured on an hourly or daily basis, yet smart inverters can be controlled within milliseconds, thus challenging joint control of these two types of assets. In this context, a novel two-timescale voltage regulation scheme is developed for distribution grids by judiciously coupling data-driven with physicsbased optimization. On a faster timescale, say every second, the optimal setpoints of smart inverters are obtained by minimizing instantaneous bus voltage deviations from their nominal values, based on either the exact alternating current power flow model or a linear approximant of it;whereas, on the slower timescale (e.g., every hour), shunt capacitors are configured to minimize the longterm discounted voltage deviations using a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. Extensive numerical tests on a real-world 47-bus distribution network as well as the IEEE 123-bus test feeder using real data corroborate the effectiveness of the novel scheme. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

Local Exchangeability

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Campbell, Trevor Syed, Saifuddin Yang, Chiao-Yu Jordan, Michael I. Broderick, Tamara Department of Statistics University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley Berkeley United States Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States

Exchangeability—in which the distribution of an infinite sequence is invariant to reorderings of its elements—implies the existence of a simple conditional independence structure that may be leveraged in the design of statistical models and inference procedures. In this work, we study a relaxation of exchangeability in which this invariance need not hold precisely. We introduce the notion of local exchangeability—where swapping data associated with nearby covariates causes a bounded change in the distribution. We prove that locally exchangeable processes correspond to independent observations from an underlying measure-valued stochastic process. Using this main probabilistic result, we show that the local empirical measure of a finite collection of observations provides an approximation of the underlying measure-valued process and Bayesian posterior predictive distributions. The paper concludes with applications of the main theoretical results to a model from Bayesian nonparametrics and covariate-dependent permutation tests. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Random processes