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30th International Conference on Nuclear engineering, ICONE 2023

作者： Kohno, Kiichi Kadoma, Sasuke Kaneko, Akiko Degree Program in Engineering Mechanics and Energy University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784888982566

In severe accidents at nuclear power plants such as heat transfer tube failure accidents at pressurized water reactors (PWRs) and venting accidents from wet wells at boiling water reactors (BWRs), aerosols containing large amounts of fission products (FP) are generated. In order to avoid these accidents especially like the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, pool scrubbing, which steam containing aerosols is injected into a pool water of the reactor vessel and aerosols are captured in the water to reduce the amount of aerosol released to the atmosphere, is proposed. The evaluation of FP release is important for the analysis of the effects of countermeasures against SA at nuclear power plants, and a SA code including higher reliability and precise physical models is strongly required because the migration behavior of FP is a complex flow phenomenon. The MELCOR code, which is one of the SA codes, is designed to analyze pool scrubbing and defines two models: 1) a bubble swarm model that focuses on the formation, breakup, and rise of bubbles caused by gas phase entering a pool, and 2) a single-bubble model that focuses on the movement of aerosol particles inside each bubble. In the bubble swarm model, the entire DF is evaluated by integrating the DF of a single bubble using single-bubble model. Although it is well known that the existing of contamination on the bubble surface is affected on bubble behavior, the effect of aerosol particle in bubbles on the bubble behavior and deformation is not much discussed in this model. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effect of existence of aerosol particle in bubbles on the bubble deformation and behavior which is related to the transport phenomena of aerosol particle in bubbles. In this study, we compared the equivalent diameter, aspect ratio, and rising speed of bubbles containing and not containing aerosols, respectively. Solubility of aerosol particle is as parameter. Two high-speed cameras and LED backlights were u

关键词： Nuclear power plants

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Elderly Pedestrian-Crossing Strategy When Perceiving an Autonomous Vehicle in a Shared Space 4

Elderly Pedestrian-Crossing Strategy When Perceiving an Auto...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine systems, ICHMS 2024

作者： Dong, Yichen Andrijanto Yano, Hiroaki Itoh, Makoto University Of Tsukuba Degree Program Of Risk And Resilience Engineering Tsukuba Japan Institute Of Systems And Information Engineering University Of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan University Of Tsukuba Institute Of Systems And Information Engineering Center For Artificial Intelligence Research Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315790

This study clarified a pedestrian crossing strategy for elderly Japanese pedestrians when perceiving an autonomous vehicle in a shared space by eliminating road features. Crossing strategy is the basis of pedestrian crossing behavior, and this study distinguishes two types of crossing strategies: conservative and aggressive. We proposed a process for pedestrians who use a strategy to cross the road. Experimental data collected in a virtual reality facility were analyzed to investigate pedestrian-crossing strategies. The variables contributing to the pedestrian crossing behavior and crossing strategy selection were explored. The results indicated that the proposed crossing strategy predicted the observed behaviors of the participants. Pedestrian crossing behavior is influenced by gender, age, and vehicle speed. Higher vehicle speed and pedestrian age lead to pedestrians increasing their crossing time and selecting a conservative walking strategy. The study also showed that males selected an aggressive strategy more frequently than females and that males needed more time to cross the road than females. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Crosswalks

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A Note on Even-Sized Spectral Clustering 13

A Note on Even-Sized Spectral Clustering

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Joint 13th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent systems and 25th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent systems, SCIS and ISIS 2024

作者： Miyakawa, Hiroki Endo, Yasunori Graduate School of Science and Technology Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Master's Program in Risk and Resilience Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373332

Clustering is a typical unsupervised learning method for classifying unsupervised data. One of the clustering meth-ods, even-sized clustering based on optimization (ECBO), is a clustering algorithm that imposes a constraint to equalize the size of each cluster. ECBO has been suggested to be effective in delivery and other problems. However, it is limited to Euclidean space. On the other hand, spectral clustering with a wide range of applicability for partitioning graph data has been proposed. In this paper, we propose even-sized spectral clustering, which imposes a size-equal constraint on spectral clustering, and show that it is an extension of the graph partitioning problem. We also verify the validity of the results through numerical examples. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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Using Intel oneAPI for Multi-hybrid Acceleration programming with GPU and FPGA Coupling

Using Intel oneAPI for Multi-hybrid Acceleration Programming...

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2024 International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region Workshops, HPC Asia 2024 Workshops

作者： Liang, Wentao Fujita, Norihisa Kobayashi, Ryohei Boku, Taisuke Degree Program in Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716522

Intel oneAPI is a programming framework that accepts various accelerators such as GPUs, FPGAs, and multi-core CPUs, with a focus on HPC applications. Users can apply their code written in a single language, DPC++, to this heterogeneous programming environment. However, in practice, it is not easy to apply to different accelerators, especially for non-Intel devices such as NVIDIA and AMD GPUs. We have successfully constructed a oneAPI environment set to utilize the single DPC++ programming to handle true multi-hetero acceleration including NVIDIA GPU and Intel FPGA simultaneously. In this paper, we will show how this is done and what kind of applications can be targeted. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Multiphysics

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Field Study of Drive-by Monitoring for Estimating Road Unevenness with Buses in Service Operation

Field Study of Drive-by Monitoring for Estimating Road Uneve...

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Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil engineering Structures - EVACES 2023 - Volume 2

作者： Shin, Ryota Sakuma, Katsuki Okada, Yukihiko Yamamoto, Kyosuke Degree Program in Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Degree Program in Engineering Mechanics and Technology University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Center for Artificial Intelligence Research University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031391163

As global road infrastructure expands rapidly, especially in developing countries, maintaining the quality and safety of these roads becomes critical. However, many routes lack detours, and the swift deterioration of these busy roads raises serious concerns. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cost-effective, quick inspection method. This study proposes a solution through drive-by monitoring. We utilized commercial buses with vibration sensors and Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. The GPS receivers, acting as accurate clocks, could record the bus’s location while providing space- and time-synchronization for the simultaneously measured vibration data. For this study, we installed an acceleration sensor under each bus seat. We can convert the recorded vehicle vibration data into road unevenness information, assuming specific vehicle parameters. To minimize errors, we updated the assumed parameters to align more closely with the average road unevenness versus the estimated unevenness from each bus. We employed a Genetic Algorithm, a search heuristic that mimics the process of natural evolution, to update these parameters. Through this methodology, we could estimate vehicle parameters and road unevenness, paving the way for an efficient, low-cost road inspection method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Improved IP lookup technology for trie-based data structures

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Journal of Computer and System Sciences 2023年 133卷 41-55页

作者： Lin, Yen-Heng Hsieh, Sun-Yuan Master Degree Program on Artificial Intelligence National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Institute of Manufacturing Information Systems Institute of Medical Informatics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou Puli Township54561 Taiwan

Many Internet protocol (IP) lookup algorithms have been formulated to improve network performance. This study reviewed and experimentally evaluated technologies for trie-based methods that reduce memory access, memory consumption and IP lookup time. Experiments involving binary tries (for simplicity) were conducted on four real-world data sets, two of which were on IPv4 router tables (855,997 and 876,489 active prefixes) and two of which were on IPv6 router tables (155,310 and 157,579 active prefixes). Technologies designed to reduce time taken (at the expense of memory consumption) worked well for IPv4, and those designed to reduce memory consumption worked well for IPv6. Various combinations of these technologies were applied together in the experiments. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Table lookup

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Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Collective Communications Using CIRCUS on Multiple FPGAs

Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Collective Comm...

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2023 International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region Workshops, HPC Asia 2023

作者： Kikuchi, Kohei Fujita, Norihisa Kobayashi, Ryohei Boku, Taisuke Master's Program in Computer Science Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399890

In the high-performance computing domain, Field programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a novel accelerator that exhibits high flexibility and performance characteristics distinct from other accelerators such as the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Recent advanced high-end FPGA is equipped with multiple channels of high speed optical link up to 100Gbps performance for each. This is a crucial feature when we construct PC clusters with FPGAs as accelerators, however it is not easy to utilize from user kernels because this feature is implemented in low level and simple direct communication between neighboring FPGAs. In order to provide the communication feature between FPGAs for accelerated PC clusters, we developed a communication system named CIRCUS which implies a user-friendly API from OpenCL and is equipped with routing function over multi-hop communication on multi-dimensional torus network of FPGAs. However, current CIRCUS only provides a point-to-point communication between source and destination FPGAs. In ordinary parallel processing environment such as MPI, the user program the message passing with various collective communication functions for parallel algorithm, for instance Allreduce, Allgather, etc. In this paper, we implement the collective communication function over CIRCUS for user-friendly programming of ordinary parallel algorithms on FPGAs. As the first target, we implement Allreduce function which is the most essential and important function. The paper describes the CIRCUS system briefly followed by the design, implementation and preliminary performance evaluation on Intel Stratix10 FPGAs. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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On a New Rough Clustering Based on Optimization 13

On a New Rough Clustering Based on Optimization

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Joint 13th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent systems and 25th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent systems, SCIS and ISIS 2024

作者： Furuta, Sakuya Endo, Yasunori Master's Program in Risk and Resilience Engineering Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science Annd Technology University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8573 Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8573 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373332

The purpose of this study is to develop and investigate a new rough clustering based on optimization. We propose a restructured algorithm using only one variable, instead of the algorithm described using two variables in existing methods. We also perform numerical examples using artificial data and the Iris and Wine datasets. This research has the potential to be used as a method for determining false negatives and false positives in cancer diagnosis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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CAMRI Loss: Improving the Recall of a Specific Class without Sacrificing Accuracy

CAMRI Loss: Improving the Recall of a Specific Class without...

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作者： Nishiyama, Daiki Fukuchi, Kazuto Akimoto, Youhei Sakuma, Jun Master's Program in Computer Science Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba-shi305-8577 Japan RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project Tokyo103-0027 Japan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba-shi305-8577 Japan

In real world applications of multiclass classification models, misclassification in an important class (e.g., stop sign) can be significantly more harmful than in other classes (e.g., no parking). Thus, it is crucial to improve the recall of an important class while maintaining overall accuracy. For this problem, we found that improving the separation of important classes relative to other classes in the feature space is effective. Existing methods that give a class-sensitive penalty for cross-entropy loss do not improve the separation. Moreover, the methods designed to improve separations between all classes are unsuitable for our purpose because they do not consider the important classes. To achieve the separation, we propose a loss function that explicitly gives loss for the feature space, called class-sensitive additive angular margin (CAMRI) loss. CAMRI loss is expected to reduce the variance of an important class due to the addition of a penalty to the angle between the important class features and the corresponding weight vectors in the feature space. In addition, concentrating the penalty on only the important class hardly sacrifices separating the other classes. Experiments on CIFAR-10, GTSRB, and AwA2 showed that CAMRI loss could improve the recall of a specific class without sacrificing accuracy. In particular, compared with GTSRB's second-worst class recall when trained with cross-entropy loss, CAMRI loss improved recall by 9%. © 2023 The Institute of Electronics, information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： Deep learning

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Performance Enhancement of Stream-Based Decompression Process by Notifying Compression Buffer Size

Performance Enhancement of Stream-Based Decompression Proces...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Taiki Kato Shinichi Yamagiwa Koichi Marumo Master's Program in Computer Science Degree Program in Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibalaki Japan Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibalaki Japan

This paper focuses on a performance enhancement of communication performance by compressing data stream. ASE coding is an effective lossless data compression method for data stream. The software implementation of the coding/decoding method inevitably meets a performance mismatch in memory and storage devices. In the compressor side, it is predictable to decide the size of an original data block and is available to process a flexible buffer memory. However, the decompressor is not able to predict the buffer size because the original data size is not obvious before the decompression. This causes a performance mismatch in the filesystem level. This paper proposes a novel method to address the performance mismatch by applying a notification mechanism of compression size from the compressor. This paper describes the mechanism focusing on the system call usage. Through experimental evaluations, we show the performance improvement of the decompression performance for handling data stream.

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