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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tsukuura, Kenta Doctoral Program in Mathematics Degree Programs in Pure and Applied Sciences Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba305-8571 Japan

It is known that the set of possible cofinalities pcf(A) has good properties if A is a progressive interval of regular cardinals. In this paper, we give an interval of regular cardinals A such that pcf(A) has no good properties in the presence of a measurable cardinal, or in generic extensions by Prikry-type *** Codes 03E04, 03E35, 03E55 Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Electroplating of ZnO Influenced by the Concentration of Aluminum Nitrate in the Bath

Electroplating of ZnO Influenced by the Concentration of Alu...

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2016 International Conference on Materials science and Nanotechnology

作者： Jing-Chie Lin Amrita Choudhury Yao-Tien Tsneg Kun-Cheng Peng Institute of Materials Science and Engineering “Central University” International Master Degree Program in Applied Materials Science “Central University” Department of Materials Science and Engineering Mingchi University of Technology

Electrochemical deposition of Al-doped ZnO（AZO） on the ITO glass was investigated in baths containing various concentrations of aluminum nitrate. The electrochemical and chemical reactions can be deduced by means of investigating cathodic polarization curves and time/electroplating-current curves for further characterizing structures of ZnO and AZO, and establishing growth mechanism. High-quality AZO nanorods, depositing on ITO substrate that coated with ZnO seed-layer, were utilized the electrochemical method at-1.0 V（against a reference electrode of Ag/AgC l in 3.0 M KCl） in the bath of 90 °C. After annealing at 350 °C, ZnO and AZO nanorods were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscope（FESEM） to explore the morphology of nanostructure. The SEM image displayed that the lower Al concentrations（20 ~ 60 μM） in the bath, the average diameter of nanorods decreased;while the Al concentrations excessed over 60 μM, the morphology of the AZO nanorods turned into partial-area nanosheets instead of the nanorods spread. The crystal structure of the AZO nanorods were identified by using grazing-incident X-ray diffraction（GIXRD）. The patterns of the Al ions in the range of 20 ~ 60 μM in the bath showed that the preferred orientations were along with the [002] direction which confirmed the result of AZO nanorods well aligned in c-axis orientation, and the characterized peak（002） slightly shifted to the right suggested that Al atoms had doped into the ZnO lattice. We also adopted the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize the elemental and chemical compositions of the AZO nanorods. XPS spectrums confirmed that the Al atoms successfully doped. Finally, for identifying the optimal boundary condition of Al content in ZnO, the nanorods with various Al concentrations were utilized via dye-sensitized solar cells（DSSC） experiment with the standard solar Simulators（AM1.5 G） and J-V Measurement. We found that the AZO nanorods as the photoanode contained 2.84 at.% A

关键词： Al-doped ZnO electrochemical deposition Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells aluminum concentration X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Ferric chloride-driven microwave-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment for boosting macroalgal sugar recovery and solubilization

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Biomass and Bioenergy 2025年 200卷

作者： Wei-Hsin Chen Jamin Jamir Escalante Jherwin B. Ocreto Ayyadurai Saravanakumar Vahabodin Goodarz Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411 Taiwan International Degree Program in Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Energy Engineering Program National Graduate School of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Center for Research in Environment Sustainability Advocacy and Climate Change (REACH) Directorate of Research SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chengalpattu District 603203 Tamil Nadu India Applied Biotechnology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences P.O. Box 19945-546 Tehran Iran

This study examines the catalytic hydrothermal solubilization of macroalgae using FeCl 3 under microwave-assisted heating to optimize total reducing sugars (TRS) yield and solubilization efficiency. A Box-Behnken design evaluates FeCl 3 concentration (0.05–0.15 M), temperature (50–150 °C), and reaction time (5–25 min) on biomass conversion. Higher FeCl 3 concentration (0.05 M–0.15 M) further enhances TRS yield to 354 mg·g −1 and solubilization to 44.11%, likely due to Fe 3+ catalyzing cellulose and hemicellulose depolymerization. Reaction time has the least effect compared to temperature and FeCl 3 concentration. The RSM shows while an increase in reaction time contributes to a higher TRS yield, its influence on solubilization remains relatively minor. RSM shows high predictability (R 2 = 0.9968 for TRS, 0.9940 for solubilization). Optimal conditions (0.15 M FeCl 3 , 98 °C, 25 min) yield 190.11 mg·g −1 TRS and 43.16% solubilization with minimal byproducts. Thermal analysis (TG-FTIR) reveals that pretreatment shifts biomass decomposition from 900 °C (raw) to 625 °C (0.15 M FeCl 3 ), indicating enhanced breakdown. SEM images show increased porosity, roughness, and fractures, improving hydrolysis. Py-GC/MS analysis identifies high-value pyrolysis products such as benzene, toluene, phenol, styrene, and naphthalene. Overall, FeCl 3 -catalyzed microwave-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment significantly enhances sugar recovery and biomass solubilization, demonstrating its potential for bioethanol production and value-added chemical synthesis.

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How Panel Layouts Define Manga: Insights from Visual Ablation Experiments

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Feng, Siyuan Yoshinaga, Teruya Hayashi, Katsuhiko Washio, Koki Kamigaito, Hidetaka The University of Tokyo Department of Language and Information Sciences Tokyo Japan Sophia University Graduate Degree Program of Applied Data Sciences Tokyo Japan Nara Institute of Science and Technology Division of Information Science Nara Ikoma Japan

Today, manga has gained worldwide popularity. However, the question of how various elements of manga, such as characters, text, and panel layouts, reflect the uniqueness of a particular work, or even define it, remains an unexplored area. In this paper, we aim to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the visual characteristics of manga works, with a particular focus on panel layout features. As a research method, we used facing page images of manga as input to train a deep learning model for predicting manga titles, examining classification accuracy to quantitatively analyze these features. Specifically, we conducted ablation studies by limiting page image information to panel frames to analyze the characteristics of panel layouts. Through a series of quantitative experiments using all 104 works, 12 genres, and 10,122 facing page images from the Manga109 dataset, as well as qualitative analysis using Grad-CAM, our study demonstrates that the uniqueness of manga works is strongly reflected in their panel layouts. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ablation

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Recent innovations in material research

Recent innovations in material research

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作者： Cai, W.J. Chen, D. Hu, H. Huang, X.P. Khotsyanovskii, A.O. Li, X.S. Silva, F.J.G. Yao, S.H. Zheng, H.N. Department of Chemical Materials and Biomolecular Engineering University of Connecticut United States School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University United States Department of Mechanical Automotive and Materials Engineering University of Windsor Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Pisarenko Institute of Problems of Strength National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Ukraine Mechanical Engineering Department ISEP School of Engineering Polytechnic of Porto Portugal Bachelor Degree Program in Technology Management Chang Jung Christian University Taiwan

The new trends and developments in the novel functional materials and material research innovations presented at the 3rd Global Conference on Materials science and Engineering (CMSE2014), which was held on 20-23 October 2014 in Shanghai, China, is discussed. R. Toyoda, M. Tawata, M. Hashimoto, and Y. Matsumura presented 'Internal stress control of transition-metal thin films', where the effects of ion bombardment parameter Pi on the internal stress of thin films were evaluated. X.G. Wang, Z.L. Chen, and X.Y. Wang presented their study 'Measurement of the interface characteristic based on ultrasonic longitudinal wave', which provided a lucrative alternative to conventional ultrasonic techniques, since it allows one to avoid the mutual superposition of reflected waves at the same thin coating interface. P. Wang and C.Y. Zhao presented their 'Study on reducing railway noise by porous concrete sound-absorbing panel', which is crucial for noise reduction near the railway lines. In the paper entitled 'Numerical study on the heat preservation of the ladle used for twin-roll strip casting', J.H. Dong, M. Chen and N. Wang developed a 3D mathematical model, in order to analyze the heat transfer and temperature drop on the ladle using the finite volume method.

关键词： Finite volume method

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Developing poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)-based self-assembling prodrug for the management of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury

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science and technology of Advanced Materials 2024年第1期25卷 2382084页

作者： Bui, Duc Tri Nagasaki, Yukio Degree Program of Pure and Applied Sciences Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Department of Materials Science Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Master’s School of Medical Sciences Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

Although β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), one of the endogenous body ketones, possesses high bioactivities, it is rapidly consumed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. In this study, we designed new self-assembling nanoparticles that sustainably released BHB to improve bioavailability and evaluated their efficacy in in vivo experiments using rodent animal models. Since poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(BHB)] is regarded as a polymeric prodrug that is hydrolyzed by endogenous enzymes and releases BHB in a sustained manner, our idea was to engineer hydrophobic poly(BHB) in one of the segments in the amphiphilic block copolymer, of which self-assembles in water to form nanoparticles of tens of nanometers in size (abbreviated as NanoBHB). Here, methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) was employed as the hydrophilic segment of the block copolymer to stabilize the nanoparticles in aqueous environments, thus enabling NanoBHBs to be administrable both orally and through injection. Experimental results showed that NanoBHB has low toxicity and releases free BHB for an extended period in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, NanoBHB exhibits superior nephroprotective effects in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury mouse models compared to low-molecular-weight (LMW) sodium BHB, suggesting the potential of NanoBHB as a sustainable release formulation to supply BHB for medicinal applications. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by National Institute for Materials science in partnership with Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Blackwater and Graywater on US navy ships: Technical challenges and solutions

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 293-306页

作者： Benson, J Caplan, I Jacobs, R John Benson:received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering and MS degree in Environmental Engineering from the University of Maryland. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Maryland. He Joined the Naval Sufrace Warfare Center Carderock Division Environmental Quality Department in 1990 as a project engineer and is now managing the non-oily wastewater (graywater and blackwater) project area. Mr. Ivan Caplan:graduated from Drexel University (Philadelphia Pennsylvania) with a BS in Metallurgical Engineering and was awarded a MS degree from the Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore Maryland) in Mechanics and Materials Science. Mr. Caplan has spent most of his career at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) and is currently the Head of the Wastewater Management Branch in the Carderock Division's Environmental Quality Department. Previously Mr. Caplan managed the US Navy's Applied Research Program in Ship & Submarine Materials Technology. In addition Mr. Caplan was manager of the US Navy's Titanium Technology Program Office and during his government career held several external Program Manager positions on at the Naval Sea Systems Command and another at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Rachel Jacobs:received BS degrees in Chemical Engineering and Marine Biology from the University of Maryland College Park. After working for the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC and the Center for Marine Biotechnology in Baltimore MD she joined the staff of the Naval Surface Warfare Center's Environmental Quality Department in 1997. Since thta time Ms. Jacobs has worked in the non-oily wastewater treatment area and her principal responsibility has been to technically supervise the evaluation operation and modification graywater treatment.

In anticipation of more stringent environmental regulations, the increasing costs of waste disposal, and the need for naval combatants to operate unimpeded in littoral waters, the U.S. Navy has identified the need to develop technologies which are appropriate for the control and treatment of blackwater and graywater. This paper will describe the status of development efforts by the Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC) and its supporting contractors, under sponsorship of Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) and the Office of Naval Research. The challenge was to develop treatment systems that meet Navy shipboard requirements for affordability, compactness, low manning/maintenance, high reliability and safety, and EM, noise, vibration and shock. Membrane ultrafiltration based systems, incorporating aerobic biological pre-treatment and ultraviolet light post treatment disinfection, have ken developed to meet these requirements. Both external and in-tank membrane systems will be described in terms of performance, system operation and space and weight advantages.

关键词： Naval vessels

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DEEP SEA ARRAYS FOR MATERIALS EXPOSURE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1968年第2期80卷 287-&页

作者： MACANDER, A THE AUTHOR:attended Fairleigh Dickinson University from which he received a B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1962. He is presently attending Stevens Institute of Technology where he is pursuing a graduate degree in Plastics Engineering. Since 1962 Mr. Macander has been a member of the U. S. Naval Applied Science Laboratory technical staff as a Mechanical Engineer. For the last five years he has been engaged in the development of syntactic foam systems for buoyancy and structural applications in the deep ocean as well as the development of ultrasonic nondestructive test methods for quality assurance of these foam materials. In addition Mr. Macander is responsible for the deep submergence materials exposure program in the ocean being conducted by the U. S. Naval Applied Science Laboratory. He is also a member of the Marine Technology Society.

United States Naval applied science Laboratory has been installing and retrieving deep sea mooring installations in southeastern part of Tongue of Ocean (TOTO), Bahamas since 1965;conventional moorings, such as vertical "taut-wire" rope moorings, as well as moorings of more complex design have been used to expose variety of metallic and nonmetallic materials;because of loss of one mooring, multiple recovery systems was designed;new array, materials under exposure, and operations connected with installation are described.

关键词： Undersea technology

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Combination of curcumin or chitosan with photodynamic therapy as an effective alternative therapy for overcoming wound infection associated with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

The Microbe

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The Microbe 2025年 7卷

作者： Manta Yonpiam Dhammika Leshan Wannigama Aye Mya Sithu Shein Tingting Liao Cameron Hurst Peter N. Monk Mohan Amarasiri Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen Puey Ounjai Thammakorn Saethang Vishnu Nayak Badavath Sirirat Luk-in Sumanee Nilgate Ubolrat Rirerm Sukrit Srisakul Natharin Ngamwongsatit Asada Leelahavanichkul Naveen Kumar Devanga Ragupathi Talerngsak Kanjanabuch Phurin Narkban Tanittha Chatsuwan Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Thai Red Cross Society Bangkok Thailand Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Dual degree Medical Science program Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital Yamagata Japan School of Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The University of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia Biofilms and Antimicrobial Resistance Consortium of ODA receiving countries The University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Pathogen Hunter's Research Team Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital Yamagata Japan Department of Infectious Diseases Faculty of Medicine Yamagata University Yamagata Japan Department of Clinical Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Thammasat University Rangsit 10120 Thailand Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Medical School United Kingdom Center of Excellence in Applied Epidemiology Thammasat University Rangsit 10120 Thailand Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Miyagi Japan Faculty of Health Science Technology Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok 10210 Thailand HRH Princess Chulabhorn Disaster and Emergency Medicine Center Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok 10210 Thailand Department of Biology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand School of Pharmacy & Technology Management SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Hyderabad 509301 India Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology Faculty of Medical Technology Mahi

The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as an opportunistic pathogen in wound infections raises significant concerns due to its antibiotic resistance and biofilm-mediated antibiotic tolerance. This underscores the urgent need to explore an alternative approach to effectively managing wound infections caused by MDR A. baumannii . In this study, combining subinhibitory concentrations of curcumin (25 µg/ml) or chitosan (156 µg/ml) with photodynamic therapy-PDT (10 J/cm 2 ) resulted in a significant reduction of planktonic viabilities and biofilm biovolume of MDR A. baumannii clinical isolates in vitro . In murine A. baumannii- associated wound infection, a combination of curcumin (25 µg/ml) or chitosan (156 µg/ml) with PDT (10 J/cm 2 ) resulted in complete bacterial eradication with wound healing at Day 15 of post-treatments with these combination therapies. Our study demonstrated that combining curcumin or chitosan with PDT at their subinhibitory concentrations represents a promising alternative strategy as localized therapy for effectively managing A. baumannii -associated wound infection.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Photodynamic therapy (PDT) Curcumin Chitosan Biofilm eradication Wound infection Alternative therapy

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Hot Carrier Injection Reliability of Fabricated N- and P-Type Multi FinFETs with Different TiN Stacks

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ECS Journal of Solid State science and technology 2023年第3期12卷 035007-035007页

作者： Chen, Yu-Lin Yeh, Wen-Kuan Hsu, Heng-Tung Chen, Ke-Horng Lin, Wen-Chin Yu, Tien-Han Chou, Hung-Ting Godwin Raj, D. Godfrey, D. International College of Semiconductor Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan National Applied Research Laboratories Taiwan Institute of Microelectronics National Cheng Kung University Taiwan National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology Taoyuan Taiwan Dept of ECE Amal Jyothi College of Engineering Kerala India Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dayananda Sagar University Bengaluru India

Device degradation due to hot carrier injection (HCI) in multi-fin 20 nm and 10 nm N- and P-type FinFET devices are thoroughly analyzed. To further understand the HCI reliability of the four FinFET devices, the device is fabricated with a standard Vt base and low Vt base gate stacks with different work functions. It is evident that: (i) The standard Vt device sustains lower effective stress bias due to the difference in threshold voltage, resulting in a more stable threshold voltage than the low Vt base device, and (ii) the transconductance of the single N- and P-type FinFET is more severely degraded than the multi-fin N- and P-type FinFET, mainly because multi N- and P-type Finfet has coupe effect, which effectively reduces the impact of HCI. © 2023 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS"). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited

关键词： FinFET

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