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57th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, CISS 2023

作者： Deniz, Daniel Ros, Eduardo Fermller, Cornelia Barranco, Francisco University of Granada Dep. of Computer Architecture and Technology Spain University of Maryland Perception and Robotics Group United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665451819

Visual event sensors only output data when changes in the scene happen at very high frequency. This allows for smartly compressing the scene and thus, enabling real-time operation. Despite these advantages, works in the literature have struggled to show a niche for these event-driven approaches compared to conventional sensors, especially when focusing on accuracy performance. In this work, we show a case that fully exploits event sensor advantages: for manipulation action recognition, learning events achieves superior accuracy and time performance. The recognition of manipulation actions requires extracting and learning features from the hand pose and trajectory and the interaction with the object. As shown in our work, approaches based on event sensors are the best fit for extracting these dynamic features contrarily to conventional approaches based on full frames, which mostly extract spatial features and need to reconstruct the dynamics from sequences of frames. Finally, we show how using a tracker to extract the features to be learned only around the hand, we obtain an approach that is scene- and almost object-agnostic and achieves good time performance with a very limited impact in accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Palmprint recognition

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From near real-time urban data to an explainable city-scale model to help reduce the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect

From near real-time urban data to an explainable city-scale ...

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2023 International Conference on the Built Environment in Transition, CISBAT 2023

作者： Eslamirad, Nasim De Luca, Francesco Yahia, Sadok Ben Lylykangas, Kimmo FinEst Centre for Smart Cities Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Dep. of Civil Engineering & Architecture Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia Department of Software Science Tallinn University of Technology Tallinn Estonia

Urbanization is associated with increasing the temperature of urban areas and phenomena like the Urban Heat Island (UHI). The latter produces a sensible impact on people's health, quality of life, urban liveability, and even the mortality rate. As a result, reducing high temperatures in cities will improve the quality of life in cities. Overall, the understanding of the relationship between UHI and urban features is not well captured due to a lack of accessibility to data and cost implications related to long-term monitoring and simulation processes. Machine Learning (ML) offers significant opportunities to develop approaches that lead to high accuracy in discovering the significant features of buildings and urban areas, improving the conditions of the inhabitants. The paper aims to describe how the actual spatial data of Tallinn, Estonia, were assessed and applied to build an Explainable ML-based model. The study outcomes include the ML-based models that help understand the importance of urban features and their value in developing strategies and solutions to mitigate the UHI effect. The study's findings show that changes in the most important features of urban areas and buildings, such as the built area in the neighborhood zone and the area and orientation of buildings, play the most significant role in transforming an urban area from one with no UHI effect to one that experiences heat waves. The results provide essential information for urban planners who implement built environments. © 2023 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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When Do Neuromorphic Sensors Outperform cameras? Learning from Dynamic Features

When Do Neuromorphic Sensors Outperform cameras? Learning fr...

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Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

作者： Daniel Deniz Eduardo Ros Cornelia Fermller Francisco Barranco Dep. of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada Spain Perception and Robotics Group University of Maryland USA

关键词： Visualization Neuromorphics Neural networks Human-robot interaction Sensor phenomena and characterization Feature extraction Real-time systems

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Evaluation of temporary architecture in iraq (An applied study of camps for the displaced)

Evaluation of temporary architecture in iraq (An applied stu...

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1st International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: Sustainable Development and Smart Planning, IMDC-SDSP 2020

作者： Nsaif, Haidar Adnan Salman, Abdullah Saadoon Abdulahaad, Enas Salim Univ. of Technology Dep. Of Architecture Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9781631902611

The demands of temporary architecture have become more urgent in recent decades for reasons related to some of the environmental disasters, civilian and military crises, which required immediate architectural solutions. The research focuses on the displaced person sector in Iraq after the registered number of refugees exceeded three million, and the research problem was determined by the "necessity of investigating temporary housing units locally and evaluating them according to the pillars of temporary architecture". The descriptive-analytical method is relied on, by clarifying the concept of temporary architecture and defining the pillars of the architecture of the displaced. Then, introducing a theoretical framework that specifies detailed indicators that can be adopted for evaluation. After that, analyzing three types of temporary housing units constructed locally in Iraqi Kurdistan (tents, site construction, prefabricated building) to reach the results that showed the shortcomings of the local temporary units in meeting environmental and privacy needs. © 2020 EAI.

关键词： architecture

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The creative and transdisciplinary design process: In a Problem Based Learning environment 47

The creative and transdisciplinary design process: In a Prob...

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47th SEFI Annual Conference 2019 - Varietas Delectat: Complexity is the New Normality

作者： Hansen, E.K. Kofoed, L.B. Bruun-Pedersen, J.R. Aalborg University Dep. of Architecture Design and Media Technology Copenhagen Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9782873520182

In higher education, transdisciplinary master programs have been developed to afford students to combine knowledge and methodologies from different fields and thereby develop an understanding of how to create new innovative solutions. An international and transdisciplinary science and engineering master programme in Lighting Design (LiD) at Aalborg University (AAU) in Copenhagen, bases its teaching on problem-based learning (PBL) and a process model "The Lighting Design Experiment" (LDE), which integrates innovation processes and design research methodologies [1] [2]. Knowledge and methods from the fields of architecture, media technology and lighting engineering are to be synthesized and applied into a problem-based semester project. To investigate to which degree students do consider creativity and innovation as integrated parts of their semester projects, a survey was carried out with 20 students from seven semester project groups, looking for aspects within two creativity components;domain relevant skills and creativity relevant processes [3] [4]. The survey indicates that the transdisciplinary approach seems to create the desired synthesis of knowledge and skills, from each academic field into the semester project despite the different knowledge areas and methodologies represented in the courses of the semester. Whereas the investigation of the creative processes points out three areas of attention for improvement;the framing of the project, the group dynamics, and tools for idea generation. The outcome has provided a better understanding of the inherent potential and barriers for creativity in the transdisciplinary design process, and how to possibly improve these in this PBL project-based design approach. © 2020 SEFI 47th Annual Conference: Varietas Delectat... Complexity is the New Normality, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Determinants of Electric Vehicle Adoption and Integration with Public Transportation through Park-and-Ride

Determinants of Electric Vehicle Adoption and Integration wi...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Mulham Fawakherji Driss Benhaddou Bruce Race Bryan. Carrollia Wilfredo. Santamaria Dep. Computer Engineering Technology University of Houston Houston USA Dep. of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Alfaisal University Riyadh SA College of Architecture and Design University of Houston Houston USA Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County Houston USA

The rise of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has presented a promising solution to the environmental and resource challenges posed by conventional combustion engine vehicles. With their potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance air quality, the adoption of EVs is essential for a more sustainable future. However, despite their benefits, widespread adoption remains limited. Thus, understanding the key factors that impact consumer adoption is crucial for promoting their use. This study aims to identify and analyze the various determinants that influence EV adoption, including social and demographic, political, economic, technological, and environmental factors. The findings offer valuable insights into the most significant barriers to EV adoption and provide potential strategies to encourage their use. Furthermore, this study examines the feasibility and sustainability of integrating EVs with public transportation via park-and-ride stations, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable transportation given the continued reliance on personal vehicles for park-and-ride travel.

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Bridging the gap between assessment and action: Recommendations for the effective use of LCA in the building process

Bridging the gap between assessment and action: Recommendati...

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World Sustainable Built Environment - Beyond 2020, WSBE 2020

作者： Beemsterboer, Sjouke Baumann, Henrikke Wallbaum, Holger Sustainable Building Dep. of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Environmental Systems Analysis Dep. of Technology Management and Economics Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) witnesses increasing popularity in the built environment. LCA stimulates among others an efficient use of natural resources and a reduction of carbon emissions through quantification of material and energy inputs and emissions in the building life cycle. Thereby, LCA aspires to contribute to SDG12 on ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns. Despite high ambitions, the actual influence of LCA in construction projects is often modest. The mere application of LCA methodology in a building project is insufficient to produce a more environmentally friendly building. To better understand the practical conditions under which an LCA may induce change in a building project, we propose to analyse the use of LCA from a processual perspective. This paper presents a case study of a building product development project in which a processual perspective is applied on LCA. Using a longitudinal ethnographic methodology, key actors are followed through environmentally relevant episodes as the building project matures. A progressive LCA quantifies the potential environmental impact of the project as it progresses through different stages of the building process. Based on the learnings from this study, recommendations are presented to support the effective use of LCA in sustainable building practices, and contribute to SDG12 on sustainable consumption and production patterns. © 2020 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Life cycle

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The implementation of energy saving policies and their influence on energy use and cultural values in the housing stock of Sweden

The implementation of energy saving policies and their influ...

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World Sustainable Built Environment - Beyond 2020, WSBE 2020

作者： Legnér, M. Femenias, P. Dep. of Art History Conservation Uppsala Universitet - Campus Gotland VisbySE-62167 Sweden Dep. of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSE-412 96 Sweden

Introduction: The overall objective is to understand how policies may be used to increase the potential for saving energy while simultaneously preserving cultural values in the housing stock. The project contributes to SDGs 11, 17, 5, 8 and 10. Methods: The paper summarises and discusses findings in previous research and projects led by the authors. Finally the design of a new project launched in 2020 is presented. The purpose of Energy efficiency and cultural values. How well do the policies function on the local level? is to give valuable knowledge on how the building process, advice on energy use and renovation strategies work together in Swedish municipalities. Results: Since the 1970s there has been a conflict between the preservation of architectural heritage and decreasing energy use in the Swedish housing stock. The first policy programme focussing energy saving was launched after the first global energy crisis in 1973. Since then there have been different policies addressing the issue of energy use in housing. The knowledge of how to carefully renovate existing buildings has increased, but the incentives for cutting energy use further has diminished among property managers. As a consequence, there is very little renovation aiming at energy efficiency, which challenges the national goals of lessening the impact on climate change. One problem may be an incoherent and inefficient implementation of policies dealing with the preservation and the energy use of the built environment. Conclusions: The antagonism between energy efficiency and cultural heritage that emerged in the 1970s has changed in character. Above all, increased energy efficiency seems not to be a very strong force when designing renovation projects in homes. If Agenda 2030 goals of accomplishing a well-built environment that does not require unsustainable practices to be sustained are to be reached, new policies will be required. Grant support: The research has been supported by the Swedish Ener

关键词： Energy efficiency

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COSMICA Project: Advancing astronaut survival and well-being through Microalgae-Based Design 27

COSMICA Project: Advancing astronaut survival and well-being...

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27th IAA Symposium on Human Exploration of the Solar System at the 75th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2024

作者： Renzulli, L. Ferrero, S. Garelli, P. Lanteri, B. Masiero, E. Rosso, A. Martinelli, D. Sumini, V. Mainini, A.G. Manuello, A. Perino, M.A. Cugno, W. Coniparini, M. Oliveri, A. Ortolani, F. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10124 Italy Department of Architecture and Design Politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10124 Italy School of Design Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milano20133 Italy Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10124 Italy Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milano20133 Italy Dep. of Architecture Built Environment and Construction Engineering Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milano20133 Italy Department of Structural Engineering and Geotechnics Politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10124 Italy Thales Alenia Space Italia Italy Igrox S.r.l Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798331312107

NASA Artemis program represents the most significant upcoming space exploration mission that will entail the direct involvement of human beings in harsh and inhospitable environments. The primary challenge confronting the scientific community is ensuring the survival and well-being of astronauts. Microalgae-based technology presents itself as a promising approach to address this challenging issue, providing a range of advantages such as oxygen generation, carbon-dioxide reduction, radiation protection, and the creation of nutrient-dense superfood. Additionally, an innovative lighting system leveraging microalgae could facilitate a connection with nature and provide psychological benefits for astronauts amidst the challenges of space exploration. The Cosmica project prioritizes human comfort by using microalgae-filtered green light to create a calming environment, potentially mitigating psychological stress and boosting immunity and physical performance. An important advantage of using algae is the production of superfoods: spir-ulina offers a valuable nutrition source for astronauts with its rich protein and vitamins content. The project focuses on improving the taste and overall sensory appeal of spirulina to make it more attractive and palatable. To harness the benefits of microalgae effectively, a highly adaptable and user-friendly component has been designed. This component has been conceived modular, aimed at maximizing adaptability to various spatial configurations. To reduce unused internal space, its structure incorporates multiple photobioreactors, interspersed with LED strips, and includes both hydraulic and electronic systems. These design choices enhance user experience, ensure reliability, and facilitate maintenance. In addressing the design of the photobioreactor a fluid dynamics analysis was performed using the software STARCCM+ to optimize the recirculation and gas injection for cultivation compatibility and efficiency. A thermal analysis is also ess

关键词： Manned space flight

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A novel method for calculating correlation of flow condensation pressure drop in micro-fin tube

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical Engineering 2020年第2期82卷 143-160页

作者： Shen, Daoming Gui, Chao Xia, Jinhong Xue, Songtao College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Xinxiang University e-mail: Henan China Research institute of structural engineering and disaster reduction Tongji University Shanghai China Dep of Architecture Tohoku Institute of Technology Sendai Japan

In this paper, the two-phase flow condensation heat transfer experiment of R134a, inside the micro-fin tube, was carried out on the test bench. The influence of working conditions and micro-fin tube structural parameters, on the pressure drop, was investigated, while correlations were also used, to predict the pressure drop inside the tube. The experimental results show that, the pressure drop is positively correlated with mass flux and fin helical angle, while negatively correlated with condensation temperature and cooling water Re. Furthermore, correlations of Cavallini et al., Haraguchi et al., and Pierre have a good predictive effect on the pressure drop, with an average prediction error of less than 17%, while Goto et al correlation overestimates the pressure drop. Based on the pressure drop experimental data of R134a, the function relationship, between v/l and Xtt, was fitted again, using the computing mechanism of Goto et al correlation. Next, new correlation of predicting the pressure drop, inside the tube, is proposed, while the statistic test shows: the prediction error of new correlation is within ±30% and the average prediction error is less than 10%. © 2020, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Two phase flow

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