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SSRN 2023年

作者： Mkhutazi, Mditshwa Almaktoof, Ali Mfoumboulou, Yohan Darcy Kahn, Mohamed Tariq Dep. of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology South Africa

This survey examines the current state of energy efficiency and management in South Africa, focusing on the country’s key challenges and opportunities. The study highlights the importance of energy efficiency in reducing energy consumption and mitigating the impacts of energy use on the environment. It provides an overview of the current energy efficiency policies and initiatives in South Africa. The survey also considers the barriers to implementing energy efficiency policies in South Africa, including a lack of awareness, resistance to change, and political challenges. The study concludes by identifying critical areas for future research and action in the field of energy efficiency and management in South Africa. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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IoT-Enabled Low-Cost Fog Computing System with Online Machine Learning for Accurate and Low-Latency Heart Monitoring in Rural Healthcare Settings

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Maneshti, Hamidreza Dadashi, Morteza Rostami, Kamyar Dept. Computer Eng. & Information Tech Engineering Kermanshah Iran Dep. Computer Science Montreal Canada

Healthcare services in rural areas face numerous challenges due to the high cost of treatment and a lack of appropriate services. The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has shown potential in mitigating these issues. This article discusses the potential of Internet of Things (IoT) and fog computing to reduce healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes. The use of these technologies in cardiovascular health informatics is explored, along with the economic thought process of hospital decision-makers and end-of-life practices in intensive care units. Remote monitoring using IoT devices is highlighted as a promising way to detect health issues before they become serious, leading to earlier interventions and improved health outcomes. The use of fog computing in healthcare is also discussed, with a focus on its ability to provide real-time data processing, analysis, and decision-making capabilities. The article presents a novel architecture for Device-as-a-Service, utilizing both fog and cloud computing to improve the efficiency and accuracy of ECG device processing, and concludes that it has the potential to reduce costs by up to 80% in the Iranian market. The adoption of fog computing in healthcare is acknowledged to present significant challenges, such as security and privacy concerns, but its potential benefits make it a promising technology for the future of healthcare services. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Next Generation Image Watermarking via Combined DWT-SVD Technique 2

Next Generation Image Watermarking via Combined DWT-SVD Tech...

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2nd International Conference on Cyber Resilience, ICCR 2024

作者： Al-Na'amneh, Qais Almomani, Ammar Nasayreh, Ahmad Nahar, Khalid M.O. Gharaibeh, Hasan Al Mamlook, Rabia Emhamed Alauthman, Mohammad Applied Science Private University Department Of Cyber Security Amman Jordan School Of Computing Skyline University College P.O. Box 1797 Sharjah United Arab Emirates AlHuson University College AlBalqa Applied University I. T. Department Irbid Jordan Yarmouk University Department Of Computer Sciences Irbid211633 Jordan Yarmouk University Faculty Of Information Technology Computer Sciences Irbid211633 Jordan Trine University Dep. Of Business Administration IN United States University Of Zawia Dep.of Mechanical And Industrial Engineering Tripoli Libya University Of Petra Faculty Of Information Technology Department Of Information Security Amman Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394962

Personal computers and the Internet are used in different areas and are easier to use. Most data is easy to transmit and duplicate in digital format, and being tampered with and stolen easily leads to issues for content owners and service providers. The Paper describes a secure (tampering-resistant) method for watermarking images for protection and authentication and digital media like audio, video, and multimedia data, and a combination of singular value decomposition (SVD) and Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for insertion watermark by MATLAB to increase accuracy, simplicity, and flexibility Readability, secure robustness, and imperceptibility the visibility of the image. The proposed algorithm consists of three main steps: Firstly, we decomposed the original image into four sub-bands and the original watermark. Secondly, embed the watermark in the LL sub-band by replacing the singular value for the watermark. Finally, embed a watermark in the other three sub-bands by adding LL values for a watermark in each sub-band in the original image. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Energy Access Assessment Report Focusing on Energy Poverty and Energy Demand for Rwanda

Energy Access Assessment Report Focusing on Energy Poverty a...

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Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and computer engineering MI-STA, IEEE International Maghreb Meeting of the Conference on

作者： Adimchinobi Asiegbu Ali Almaktoof Abdurazag Khalat Dep. of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town South Africa Dep. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sabratha University Sabratha Libya

This technical report is a researched document that examines energy access in Rwanda, focusing on energy poverty assessment and energy demand assessment. The key findings and observations can help mitigate the energy access problems and improve access to modern energy in Rwanda. Studies have shown that sub-Saharan African countries have poor access or no access to modern energy, Rwanda being part of sub-Saharan Africa also has Poor access to modern and clean energy. To carefully study these energy access problems and proffer solutions to increase energy access in Rwanda based on realities in today’s Africa, (where most households fall below poverty lines, with social issues, low Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and Gross Domestic Power (GDP)), an assessment of these energy problems is done based on Energy Poverty Assessment (EPA) and Energy Demand Assessment (EDA) Composite Multidimensional Indicators (CMDI), respectively. Based on the findings of this research, non-poor energy households increased their energy consumption by 29.26% to 0.68 billion kWh. The clean cooking gas usage in Rwanda is very low at 2.1%, The 2016 estimated electricity consumption is 0.5273 billion kWh, growing by 57.41% to 0.83 billion kWh for energy-poor households in 2021, compared to 52.6% predicted by International Energy Agency (IEA). Finally, there is a direct relationship between energy access and economic development including quality of life, standard of living, per capita income, urbanization, modern infrastructure, etc. Thus, the key findings and observations in this research report will improve economic and infrastructural development in Rwanda, if implemented.

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Fuzzy Logic-Based Visualization and Interpretation of NDVI Maps

Fuzzy Logic-Based Visualization and Interpretation of NDVI M...

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Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing, WHISPERS

作者： Andrei Racoviteanu Artur Kazak Nicolae Secrieru Mihai Ivanovici Electronics and Computers Dep. Transilvania University of Brasov Romania Applied Electronics and Information Engineering Dep. Politehnica National University of Science and Technology Bucharest Romania Space Technology Center Technical University of Moldova Chisinau Republic of Moldova

ISBN: (数字)9798331513139

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513146

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is widely-used for the monitoring of agriculture crops. Its interpretation is based on thresholds and the colormaps used for the visualization of NDVI maps are discrete. We propose a fuzzy logic approach for both the visualization and the interpretation of the NDVI maps. The rationale is that the NDVI values of agricultural crops exhibit a certain spread, while the interpretation based on thresholds is prone to a certain degree of incertitude. We define several membership functions for modeling three sub intervals of the NDVI values in the [0, 1] range, useful for the interpretation of the vegetation status for agricultural crops. The three sub intervals are corresponding to three categories of vegetation status: dried-out vegetation, moderately healthy and strongly developed. For a Sentinel-2 time series, we compare the visualization using the crisp logic, the Sentinel-2 color palette, and the color palettes resulting from the proposed membership functions implementing the fuzzy logic. We show that our colormap has a smoother color gradient, which can facilitate a more visually-appealing and interpretable transition of colors. We also show an example of inference for the interpretation of the NDVI values for an operational usage of the proposed fuzzy logic approach.

关键词： Fuzzy logic Visualization Histograms Normalized difference vegetation index Image color analysis Time series analysis Vegetation mapping Crops Color Monitoring

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Reinforcement Learning Based Joint Resource Allocation and User Fairness Optimization in mmWave-NOMA HetNets 31

Reinforcement Learning Based Joint Resource Allocation and U...

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31st International Conference on Electrical engineering, ICEE 2023

作者： Sobhi-Givi, Sima Nouri, Mahdi Shayesteh, Mahrokh G. Kalbkhani, Hashem Ding, Zhiguo Urmia University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Urmia Iran Sharif University of Technology Elect. Eng. Dep. Iran Iran Tehran Iran Sharif University of Technology Wireless Research Lab Acri Elec. Eng. Dep. Tehran Iran Urmia University of Technology Faculty of Elec. Eng. Urmia Iran School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350312560

In this paper, we propose heterogeneous network (HetNet) with mmWave and hybrid non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) transmission, where uplink (UL) of macrocell users (MCUs) and downlink (DL) of small cell users (SCUs) share the same resource block (RB) to increase the network capacity. Also, an imperfect successive interference cancelation (I-SIC) decoding is considered due to hardware impairment of the real-world NOMA systems. We formulate the problem of joint power and resource block (RB) allocation to maximize rate-fairness and sum-rate by considering minimum quality of service (QoS) requirements. Reinforcement learning (RL) named Q-learning (QL) and deep Q-learning network (DQN) algorithms are employed to solve these problems. The results indicate that the proposed QL and DQN algorithms increase the fairness and sum-rate while low number of iterations is required. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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XAI-Based Identification of EEG Features of Inhibition and Working Memory Activation

XAI-Based Identification of EEG Features of Inhibition and W...

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Metrology for Extended Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Neural engineering (MetroXRAINE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Pasquale Arpaia Ciro Ivan De Girolamo Matteo De Luca Allegra Fullin Ludovica Gargiulo Luigi Maffei Nicola Moccaldi Rachele Robbio Paolo De Blasiis Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI) University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Dep. of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Dep. of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI) University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy University of Basilicata Potenza Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350378009

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378016

The most informative electroencephalographic (EEG) features related to basic Executive Functions (EFs) were identified by exploiting the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), an eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) method. In particular, Working Memory (WM) and Inhibitory Control (IC) were tested by exposing participants to N-Back and Go-NoGo tasks. Currently, eXplainable AI (XAI) methods are scarcely investigated in the framework of EEG signal processing. Specific EEG features of EFs activation are still poorly explored. EEG data from 13 healthy participants were gathered during rest condition and cognitive task executions. In particular, N-Back (activating WM) and Go-NoGo (activating IC) tasks were administered with two difficulty levels. SHAP identified Absolute Delta Power in Fp1 and Fp2 as the two most significant features for both WM and IC, when the two experiments were analyzed separately. The same two features emerged as the most significative when SHAP was applied on a classification problem involving the two tasks at the highest difficulty level. Absolute power of Delta Fp1 and Fp2 resulted statistically significantly lower in the Go-NoGo task compared to the N-Back. These results are consistent with a condition of suppression of irrelevant sensory stimuli common to the two tasks and particularly to the more challenging N-back task. The research contributes to the development of solutions for the cognitive rehabilitation of patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Knowledge engineering Explainable AI Statistical analysis Extended reality Signal processing algorithms Neural engineering Signal processing Metrology Electroencephalography Integrated circuit modeling

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Deep Learning technology Used High Dynamic Range Image Reconstruction And Detection

Deep Learning Technology Used High Dynamic Range Image Recon...

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2024 International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computing Technologies, ICEECT 2024

作者： Bheemalingaiah, M. Srinivasan, R. Nathan, V. Vijey Kolluri, Raju Gupta, Amit J.B Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of CSE Telangana Hyderabad India School of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotia University Department of CSE U.P India SRM TRP Engineering College Department of CSE Tamilnadu Tiruchirappalli India Narasaraopet Engineering College Department of ECE Andhra Pradesh Narasaraopet India J.B Institute of Engineering and Technology Dep. of AI & ML Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378092

The suggested remedy for saturated pixels in digital camera photos introduces a brand-new learning-based method for reconstructing images with high dynamic range (HDR). While current techniques concentrate on increasing brightness range, they frequently fall short in producing realistic textures, leading to errors in places that are too saturated. Our method reconstructs an HDR image by using aesthetically beautiful saturated pixels from a low dynamic range (LDR) image. We provide a feature masking strategy to address problems discovered during training, when saturated and well-exposed pixels got comparable convolutional filters, resulting in uncertainty and checkerboard and halo aberrations. This method improves the overall quality of the reconstruction by reducing the contribution of features from saturated regions. Furthermore, in order to guarantee visually pleasing textures in the reconstructed HDR photos, we adjust the perceptual loss function based on *** use a two-step procedure in order to properly train our system. We first train the system for picture in painting on a sizable dataset, and then we modify it for HDR reconstruction. Our method performs exceptionally well even with a small number of HDR photos because it uses an advanced sampling strategy to choose hard training patches from a wide range of settings. Convolutional neural networks, feature masking, perceptual loss, and high dynamic range imagery are important components of our methodology. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Optimal Sizing of a Wayside PV System for DC Rail Transit Systems: The Case Study of the 3 kV Cagliari - Oristano Traction System

Optimal Sizing of a Wayside PV System for DC Rail Transit Sy...

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International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC)

作者： Antonio Di Pasquale Mario Pagano Guido Guidi Buffarini Nicola Carones Marco Laurini Emanuele Rullo Dep. of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Italferr S.p.a. Rome Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350373905

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373912

The increasing demand for transportation, along with growing environmental concerns, highlights the importance of electric rail transit systems as a sustainable solution for moving people and goods. While these systems are highly efficient, they also require a significant amount of energy. To both reduce reliance on energy purchased by distribution system operators and mitigate effects on the AC grid, the integration of renewable energy resources (e.g., wind and PV) in the traction system emerges as a valuable solution. This paper specifically focuses on integrating a wayside PV power plant. It is proposed an optimal sizing procedure aimed at maximising the economical investment's revenue while meeting technical constraints related to the limited receptivity of the traction network. Notably, the proposed method is applied to the real case of the Cagliari-Oristano 3 kV DC traction circuit.

关键词： Rails Wind Renewable energy sources Wind energy Transportation Voltage Rail transportation Sustainable development Load flow Investment

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Analysis of Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer SIMO Systems based on the Duality Principle 34

Analysis of Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer SIMO Systems ...

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34th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science, URSI GASS 2021

作者： Minnaert, Ben Monti, Giuseppina Costanzo, Alessandra Mongiardo, Mauro Odisee University College of Applied Sciences Dep. of Industrial Science and Technology Ghent Belgium University of Salento Dep. of Engineering for Innovation Lecce Italy Guglielmo Marconi University of Bologna Dep. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering Bologna Italy University of Perugia Dep. of Engineering Perugia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789463968027

Inductive wireless power transfer is a more mature technology than capacitive wireless transfer. The aim of this work is to illustrate the duality principle as tool to transfer results from the inductive into the capacitive wireless power research. The efficiency maximization by varying the loads for a Single-Input Multiple-Output system is considered to exemplify this principle, and to highlight some limitations. © 2021 URSI.

关键词： Energy transfer

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