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4th IEEE Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies, LifeTech 2022

作者： Bu, Nan Uehara, Masato National Institute of Technology Kumamoto College Dep. of Control and Inf. Syst. Eng. Kumamoto861-1102 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419048

Recent advances in wearable healthcare sensor technology have triggered radical changes in various applications of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Many consumer wearable devices are capable of measuring pulse rate inf.rmation using photo-plethysmography (PPG) techniques. However, sampling intervals of these wearable devices tend to be longer than traditional instruments in clinical applications and research environments. Such sampling properties cannot satisfy requirements on sensor data to achieve reliable signal processing and to conduct following-up analysis and evaluation. This paper aims to apply data interpolation to PPG data acquired with low sampling rates, so that traditional heart rate variability (HRV) methods like power spectrum analysis can be utilized for stress evaluation. The interpolated data are compared with signals obtained using a traditional electrocardiography (ECG) device. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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Set-Nas: Sample-Efficient Training For Neural Architecture Search With Strong Predictor And Stratified Sampling

Set-Nas: Sample-Efficient Training For Neural Architecture S...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Yu-Ming Zhang Jun-Wei Hsieh Yu-Hsiu Chang Xin Li Ming-Ching Chang Chun-Chieh Lee Kuo-Chin Fan Dep. of Computer Science and Inf. Eng. National Central University Taoyuan Taiwan College of AI and Green Energy National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Dep. of Computer Science and Inf. Eng. University at Albany New York USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350349399

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349405

Sample-efficient neural architecture search (NAS) techniques have advanced rapidly. Two lines of methods, namely neural predictor and sequential search, have shown promising performance in improving the sample efficiency of NAS. However, as far as we know, little attention has been paid to the middle ground between these two lines. Inspired by the analogy between NAS and evolutionary optimization, we propose a new Sample-Efficient Training for NAS (SETNAS) based on strategies that improve fitness scores and sampling mechanisms. We develop a strong neural predictor called the Fully Bidirectional Graph Convolutional Network evolutionary (Fully-BiGCN) that significantly enhances the predictor capability of the features in each layer. The developed predictor is embedded into an iterative stratified sampling process to retain only a subset of best-fit architectures using the same training budget. SET-NAS achieves remarkable results compared to the state-of-the-art in predictor-based NAS. Using NASBench-201 as the benchmark, SET-NAS takes only $27.1 \%$ (CIFAR-10), $49.0 \%$ (CIFAR-100), and $51.75 \%$ (ImageNet-16) of training cost of other state-of-the-art predictor-based methods to find the promising network architecture.

关键词： Training Performance evaluation Costs Graph convolutional networks Image processing Network architecture Benchmark testing

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Sketch it for the Robot! How Child-Like Robots' Joint Attention Affects Humans' Drawing Strategies

Sketch it for the Robot! How Child-Like Robots' Joint Attent...

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IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning, ICDL

作者： Carlo Mazzola Lorenzo Morocutti Hillary Pedrizzi Xenia Daniela Poslon Andrej Lucny Sarah Marie Wingert Yukie Nagai Francesco Rea Alessandra Sciutti CONTACT Unit Italian Institute of Technology Genoa Italy Dep. of Applied Inf. CONTACT U. Comenius University IIT Bratislava Slovakia Dep. of Applied Inf. CONTACT U. Comenius University IIT Genoa Italy Dep. of Applied Informatics Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia IRCN The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan CONTACT Unit Italian Institute of Technology (IIT) Genoa Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350348552

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348569

The work proposes investigating drawing activities in interactive contexts to shed light on the links between socio-cognitive and visual representation mechanisms. In our study, 53 adult participants were instructed to draw some object categories (e.g., a duck, an ambulance, …) for a child-like robot, which first was just shown in a picture (individual condition) and then was co-present and engaged in joint attention behaviors with them (robot condition). The data collection was carried out in two sites, in Italy ( $\mathrm{N}=26$ ) and Slovakia ( $\mathrm{N}=27$ ), with two different robots, iCub and Nico. Participants significantly changed their drawing strategy in the presence of the robots by enlarging their sketches while speeding up their drawing. The phenomenon was more evident the more the individuals perceived the robot as closer to them, according to the IOS scale. The results were highly consistent between the two sites and showed that participants put more effort into drawing understandably when a robot actively attends to their behavior. Higher clarity is obtained with increased figure size rather than simplifying the drawing. Counter-intuitively, participants did not slow down their tracing to be more comprehensible. Instead, they became faster in front of the robot, potentially induced by the pressure of being observed by it. These findings are discussed in the framework of the motionese literature.

关键词： Visualization Data collection Robots

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Improved Distance (Sensitivity) Oracles with Subquadratic Space

Improved Distance (Sensitivity) Oracles with Subquadratic Sp...

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Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of computer Science

作者： Davide Bilò Shiri Chechik Keerti Choudhary Sarel Cohen Tobias Friedrich Martin Schirneck Dep. of Inf. Eng. CS and Mathematics University of L'Aquila Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Dep. of CS and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi School of Computer Science The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo Hasso Plattner Institute University of Potsdam Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna

ISBN: (数字)9798331516741

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516758

A distance oracle (DO) for a graph $G$ is a data structure that, when queried with vertices $s,t$ , returns an estimate $\widehat{d}(s,t)$ of their distance in $G$ . The oracle has stretch $(\alpha, \beta)$ if the estimate satisfies $d(s,t)\leqslant \widehat{d}(s,t)\leqslant \alpha\cdot d(s,t)+\beta$ . An $f-\mathbf{edge}$ fault-tolerant distance sensitivity oracle $(f-\mathbf{DSO})$ additionally receives a set $F$ of up to $f$ edges and estimates the distance in $G-F$ . Our first contribution is the design of new distance oracles with subquadratic space for undirected graphs. We show that introducing a small additive stretch $\beta > 0$ allows one to make the multiplicative stretch $\alpha$ arbitrarily small. This sidesteps a known lower bound of $\alpha\geqslant 3$ (for $\beta=0$ and subquadratic space) [Thorup & Zwick, JACM 2005]. We present a DO for graphs with edge weights in $[0, W]$ that, for any positive integer $\ell$ and any $c\in(0,\ell/2]$ , has stretch $(1+\frac{1}{\ell},2W)$ , space $\widetilde{O}(n^{2-\frac{c}{\ell}})$ , and query time $O(n^{c})$ , generalizing results by Agarwal and Godfrey [SODA 2013] to arbitrarily dense graphs. Our second contribution is a framework that turns an $(\alpha,\beta)- \mathbf{stretch}$ DO for unweighted graphs into an $(\alpha(1+\varepsilon),\beta)-\mathbf{stretch}. f-\mathbf{DSO}$ with sensitivity $f=o(\log(n)/\log\log n)$ retaining sub-quadratic space. This generalizes a result by Bilò, Chechik, Choudhary, Cohen, Friedrich, Krogmann, and Schirneck [TheoretiCS 2024]. Combining the framework with our new DO gives an $f-\mathbf{DSO}$ that, for any $\gamma\in(0, (\ell+1)/2]$ , has stretch $((1+\frac{1}{\ell})(1+\varepsilon), 2)$ , space $n^{2-\frac{\gamma}{(t+1)(f+1)}+o(1)}/\varepsilon^{f+2}$ , and query time $\widetilde{O}(n^{\gamma}/\varepsilon^{2})$ . This is the first $f-\mathbf{DSO}$ with subquadratic space, n

关键词： computer science Fault tolerance Sensitivity Additives Fault tolerant systems Data structures

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RATS-NAS: REDIRECTION OF ADJACENT TRAILS ON GCN FOR NEURAL ARCHITECTURE SEARCH

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Yu-Ming Hsieh, Jun-Wei Lee, Chun-Chieh Fan, Kuo-Chin Dep. of Computer Science and Inf. Eng. National Central University Taoyuan Taiwan College of AI and Green Energy National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Various hand-designed CNN architectures have been developed, such as VGG, ResNet, DenseNet, etc., and achieve State-of-the-Art (SoTA) levels on different tasks. Neural Architecture Search (NAS) now focuses on automatically finding the best CNN architecture to handle the above tasks. However, the verification of a searched architecture is very time-consuming and makes predictor-based methods become an essential and important branch of NAS. Two commonly used techniques to build predictors are graph-convolution networks (GCN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). In this paper, we consider the difference between GCN and MLP on adjacent operation trails and then propose the Redirected Adjacent Trails NAS (RATs-NAS) to quickly search for the desired neural network architecture. The RATs-NAS consists of two components: the Redirected Adjacent Trails GCN (RATs-GCN) and the Predictor-based Search Space Sampling (P3S) module. RATs-GCN can change trails and their strengths to search for a better neural network architecture. P3S can rapidly focus on tighter intervals of FLOPs in the search space. Based on our observations on cell-based NAS, we believe that architectures with similar FLOPs will perform similarly. Finally, the RATs-NAS consisting of RATs-GCN and P3S beats WeakNAS, Arch-Graph, and others by a significant margin on three sub-datasets of NASBench-201. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Network architecture

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Stabilization of THz waves using chaos supremacy

Stabilization of THz waves using chaos supremacy

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2023 International Conference on Smart-Green technology in Electrical and inf.rmation Systems, ICSGTEIS 2023

作者： Kuwashima, Fumiyoshi Jarrahi, Mona Cakmakyapan, Semih Wada, Kenji Haraguchi, Masanobu Kawakami, Yuki Moriyasu, Takeshi Morikawa, Osamu Kurihara, Kazuyoshi Kitahara, Hideaki Furuya, Takashi Nakajima, Makoto Tani, Masahiko Fukui University of Technology Dep. of Electr. and Electron. Eng. Fukui Japan Ucla Electrical and Computer Eng. Los AngelesCA90095 United States Osaka Metropolitan University Dep. of Physics and Electronics Osaka Japan Tokushima Univ. Industrial and Social Science Grad. Sch. of Tech. Tokushima Japan Fukui Col. Natl. Inst. of Tech. Dep. of Elec. and Inf. Eng. Fukui Japan University of Fukui Faculty of Engineering Fukui Japan Japan Coast Guard Academy Liberal Arts Kure Japan University. of Fukui School of Education Fukui Japan FIR-UF University of Fukui Fukui Japan Osaka Univ. Inst. of Laser Engineering Osaka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382822

We apply the chaos supremacy of laser chaos system to the high stabilization of THz waves. Stability was demonstrated by down converting the optical beats between laser longitudinal modes in the THz domain to the radio frequency domain and comparing a conventional free running CW laser diode to a chaotically oscillating laser diode. Because of their exceptional stability, chaotically oscillating lasers are attractive options for optical pump sources in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stabilization

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LLM Acceleration on FPGAs: A Comparative Study of Layer and Spatial Accelerators

LLM Acceleration on FPGAs: A Comparative Study of Layer and ...

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IEEE Central America and Panama Convention (CONCAPAN)

作者： Luis D. Prieto-Sibaja Luis G. Leόn-Vega Indra Leόn-Vega Jorge Castro-Godínez Stefano Cozzini Computer Engineering School Costa Rica Institute of Technology Cartago Costa Rica Math. Inf. and Geoscience Dep. University of Trieste Trieste Italy Industrial Design Engineering School Instituto Tecnolόgico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica Electronics Engineering School Costa Rica Institute of Technology Cartago Costa Rica Institute of Research and Technology AREA Science Park Trieste Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350366723

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366730

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as the leading technique in Natural Language Processing due to their remarkable capabilities. These models are exceptionally complex, often utilising billions of parameters and consuming tens of gigabytes of memory unless optimised. Typically, LLMs are trained and accelerated using general-purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), with a single inf.rence potentially occupying an entire GPU. Consequently, cloud services may require hundreds of GPUs to deliver high-quality AI assistant services. This demand for extensive hardware acceleration allows exploring alternative architectures that offer improved execution time and energy *** study evaluates Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FP-GAs), renowned for their flexibility and efficiency, to accelerate LLMs. We specifically compare the resource consumption and latency of two distinct architectures: layer and spatial accelerators. Analysing the Llama 2-7B model, we identified potential optimisation opportunities within its composition and operational graphs. Our most successful implementations demonstrate a performance improvement ranging from 1.37× to 10.98× over two AMD EPYC processors with 64 cores each. Moreover, our results indicate that, with further refinement, FPGAs have the potential to surpass GPU performance for LLM inf.rence, showcasing their feasibility as a viable alternative for this demanding application.

关键词： Large language models High performance computing Graphics processing units computer architecture Logic gates Distance measurement Natural language processing Field programmable gate arrays Hardware acceleration Optimization

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Stable THz wave out put power using laser chaos

Stable THz wave out put power using laser chaos

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International Conference on inf.ared and Millimeter Waves

作者： Fumiyoshi Kuwashima Mona Jarrahi Semih Cakmakyapan Kenji Wada Masanobu Haraguchi Yuki Kawakami Takeshi Moriyasu Osamu Morikawa Kazuyoshi Kurihara Hideaki Kitahara Takashi Furuya Makoto Nakajima Masahiko Tani Dep. of Electr. and Electron. Eng. Fukui University of Technology Fukui Japan Electrical and Computer Eng. UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Dep. of Physics and Electronics Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka Japan Dep. of Elec. and Inf. Eng. Natl. Inst. of Tech. Fukui Col. Fukui Japan Faculty of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui Japan Chair of Liberal Arts Japan Coast Guard Academy Kure Japan School of Education University. of Fukui Fukui Japan FIR-UF University of Fukui Fukui Japan Inst. of Laser Engineering Osaka Univ. Osaka Japan

We generate stable optical beats using laser chaos. This optical beat is converted to THz waves through the photoconductive antenna. The output of the THz wave was roughly estimated by comparison with the output of th... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350370324

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370331

关键词： Chaos Power lasers Laser stability Laser excitation Antennas Oscillators

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Society-Level Software Governance: A Challenging Scenario 42

Society-Level Software Governance: A Challenging Scenario

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42nd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops, ICSEW 2020

作者： Musil, Juergen Musil, Angelika Weyns, Danny Biffl, Stefan CDL-SQI Inst. Inf. Systems Engineering TU Wien Austria Dep. of Computer Science KU Leuven Belgium Linnaeus University Växjö Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450379632

The technology-driven transformation process continues to spawn novel, growth-oriented digital application domains and platforms. The user base of these society-level software systems consists of a larger proportion of the community and that involve a large set of stakeholder groups. In case of an incident there is a public demand from a variety of stakeholders for multilateral intervention in order to correct the behavior of the software system. For software engineering as a technical discipline that has been fostered and matured in corporate and organizational context, this is a major challenge because it has to deal with a multitude of multidisciplinary stakeholders and their concerns. In order to stimulate further discussions, we discuss software governance on societal level and identify future research challenges of this increasingly relevant topic. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： computer software

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Stabilization of THz waves using chaos supremacy

Stabilization of THz waves using chaos supremacy

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International Conference on Smart Green technology in Electrical and inf.rmation Systems (ICSGTEIS)

作者： Fumiyoshi Kuwashima Mona Jarrahi Semih Cakmakyapan Kenji Wada Masanobu Haraguchi Yuki Kawakami Takeshi Moriyasu Osamu Morikawa Kazuyoshi Kurihara Hideaki Kitahara Takashi Furuya Makoto Nakajima Masahiko Tani Dep. of Electr. and Electron. Eng. Fukui University of Technology Fukui Japan Electrical and Computer Eng. UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Dep. of Physics and Electronics Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka Japan Industrial and Social Science Grad. Sch. of Tech. Tokushima Univ. Tokushima Japan Dep. of Elec. and Inf. Eng. Natl. Inst. of Tech. Fukui Col. Fukui Japan Faculty of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui Japan Chair of Liberal Arts Japan Coast Guard Academy Kure Japan School of Education University. of Fukui Fukui Japan FIR-UF University of Fukui Fukui Japan Inst. of Laser Engineering Osaka Univ. Osaka Japan

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