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Secure-reliable smart contract applications based blockchain technology in smart cities environment

Procedia computer science 2021年 186卷 669-676页

作者： Alexander A. Varfolomeev Liwa H. Alfarhani Zahraa Ch. Oleiwi BMSTU NRNU MEPhI RUDN Information Security Department Moscow Russia System analysis control and information processing dep. Academy of Engineering RUDN University Moscow Russia Faculty of Science University of Al-Qadisiyah Iraq

Over time, our lives turn to digitization and technology and its multiple applications and uses. The smart city, its technologies and the services provided during it have become a way of life. The idea of smart cities relied on different mechanisms to provide reliable services. One of the important technologies is the blockchain that has proven to be extremely reliable and has a high security level technology. This paper presents a mechanism to explain the application of blockchain technology in smart contracts, how to increase reliability, data security, and many positive benefits as part of the multiple services provided by the smart city environment. This paper also provides important details about this technology and its impact on the overall administrative system of any service provided by smart governments. The paper dealt with an example of how to manage the real estate rental file electronically to explain the advantages of blockchain technology through which we overcome existing problems in this type of contract and service.

关键词： Smart city blockchain smart contract

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Performance Monitoring and Controlling of Multicore Shared-Memory Parallel Processing Systems

Performance Monitoring and Controlling of Multicore Shared-M...

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information Technology To Enhance e-learning and Other Application (IT-ELA)

作者： Lailan M Haji Subhi R. M. Zeebaree Zainab Salih Ageed Omar M. Ahmed Mohammed A. M. Sadeeq Hanan M. Shukur Computer Science Dep. Faculty of Science University of Zakho Duhok Iraq Energy Eng. Dept. Technical College of Engineering Duhok Polytechnic University Duhok Iraq Computer Science Dept. College of Science Nawroz University Duhok Iraq Information Technology Dept. Zakho Technical Institute Duhok Polytechnic University Duhok Iraq ITM Dept. Technical College of Administration Duhok Polytechnic University Duhok Iraq Computer Engineering Dept. Al-Kitab University Kirkuk Iraq

The field of research known as “parallel processing” examines architectural and algorithmic methods for increasing the efficiency and other desirable qualities (such as cost-effectiveness and reliability) of computers by exploiting many forms of concurrency. The development of multi-core CPUs has opened the door to novel strategies for boosting system performance via parallelism. Increasing the number of concurrent threads greatly affects the time cost. While increased parallelism might reduce calculation time, the associated synchronization costs would likely be prohibitive for most applications. In this article, we'll go through the first half of the process, which involves gathering requirements and designing a prototype; the second half, which involves monitoring and managing a program that can run on a wide range of multicore system architectures, including those with (2, 4, and 8 CPUs). A shared-memory parallel processing method was proposed and built to show off the system's full potential. The implications of multi-core systems on overall program execution time and parallel processing in shared-memory systems provide the backbone of this investigation.

关键词： Costs Multicore processing System performance Systems architecture Prototypes Parallel processing Central Processing Unit

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A Survey on Performance Analysis of Distributed Channel Allotment Approaches for Wireless Sensor Networks with Cognitive radio capabilities 4

A Survey on Performance Analysis of Distributed Channel Allo...

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4th International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control, ICISC 2020

作者： Vidya, E.V. Shylaja, B.S. Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Engineering Bengaluru India Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Dep Department of Information Science Engineering Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728128139

In wireless communication, the need for frequency spectrum is rising day by day. The existing accessible frequency bands can be used in a fixed way by Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). One needs the permission of the particular authority to use the frequency spectrum except for the industrial, scientific and medical(ISM) frequency channels of the spectrum. As the price of procuring permission for authorized spectrum usage is high, several researchers and manufacturers have paid attention to build-up gadgets for ISM frequency bands. Consequently, ISM frequency bands are congested resulting in the occurrence of coincidence problem and on the other hand many authorized frequency bands are either not used or used less leading to spectrum underutilization. To overcome the crisis, a new aspect must be included in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to diminish the inefficiency of spectrum underutilization as well as intrusion incorporated by other uses. The answer to the problem of frequency spectrum underutilization is given by incorporating Cognitive Radio (CR) technology to WSNs towards supporting the wireless sensor nodes with the ability of Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA). OSA permits the usage of the suitable frequency spectrum band according to the requirements of the application by using the unexploited frequency spectrum opportunistically, permitting the unauthorized users to use several authorized frequency channels as CR has the capability to recognize the unused spectrum in the authorized and unauthorized frequency spectrum bands. The flexibility has been used to alter the transmission parameters each time when a new channel is selected and minimize power utilization. The reduction of power utilization through OSA does not merely expand the life-time of battery constrained wireless sensor nodes, besides restricts the power usage on the whole by the wireless sensor network. The CR users can sense the identical unoccupied frequency band resulting in the utilizati

关键词： Cognitive radio

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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces and DF-relay Improved Spectral Efficiency in Cognitive Radio Networks

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces and DF-relay Improved Sp...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Abderahmane El Mettiti Mohamed Saber Abdellah Chehri Hasna Chaibi Abdel Badaoui Rachid Saadane EHTP LRIT-GSCM Faculty of Sciences University Mohamed V Laboratory Engineering System SIRC/LAGeS EHTP Casablanca Morocco Dep. Math. and Computer Science Royal Military College Kingston Canada Genuis Laboratory Supmti Rabat Morocco Laboratory LASTIMI Mohammed V University Casablanca Morocco

Cognitive radio (CR) is considered a primary technology for spectrum usage efficiency and dynamic spectrum management. Spectrum sensing is an essential cognitive radio cycle function. Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) technology has emerged as a promising new enabler of 6G wireless communication, with the ability to control signal propagation and increase signal coverage and spectrum management. This paper investigates how integrating RISs with CR can improve spectral efficiency. First, we optimize the RIS parameters by identifying the optimal transmit powers and number of RIS antennas. Then, we compare the novel RIS technology with the traditional decode-and-forward (DF) relaying technology. Next, we investigate how adopting RIS can enhance spectral efficiency. Finally, we demonstrate how integrating the novel technology of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces with CR can significantly increase spectrum detection, the most crucial step in the cognitive radio process. Simulation studies indicate that RIS is more energy-efficient than SISO and DF-relay communications in various setups. Moreover, by boosting spectrum sensing capability in CR situations, RISs can significantly enhance the efficiency of frequency spectrum usage.

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Inverting gradients - how easy is it to break privacy in federated learning? 20

Inverting gradients - how easy is it to break privacy in fed...

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Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Neural information Processing Systems

作者： Jonas Geiping Hartmut Bauermeister Hannah Dröge Michael Moeller Dep. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Siegen

ISBN: (纸本)9781713829546

The idea of federated learning is to collaboratively train a neural network on a server. Each user receives the current weights of the network and in turns sends parameter updates (gradients) based on local data. This protocol has been designed not only to train neural networks data-efficiently, but also to provide privacy benefits for users, as their input data remains on device and only parameter gradients are shared. But how secure is sharing parameter gradients? Previous attacks have provided a false sense of security, by succeeding only in contrived settings - even for a single image. However, by exploiting a magnitude-invariant loss along with optimization strategies based on adversarial attacks, we show that is is actually possible to faithfully reconstruct images at high resolution from the knowledge of their parameter gradients, and demonstrate that such a break of privacy is possible even for trained deep networks. We analyze the effects of architecture as well as parameters on the difficulty of reconstructing an input image and prove that any input to a fully connected layer can be reconstructed analytically indep.ndent of the remaining architecture. Finally we discuss settings encountered in practice and show that even aggregating gradients over several iterations or several images does not guarantee the user's privacy in federated learning applications.

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An Efficient Localization for Indoor Environment using Classification Algorithms

An Efficient Localization for Indoor Environment using Class...

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2020 International Conference on Computational science and Computational Intelligence, CSCI 2020

作者： Mulahuwaish, Aos Towne, Wyatt Ghafoor, Kayhan Zrar Maghdid, Halgurd S. Saginaw Valley State University Dept. of Computer Science and Information Systems Michigan United States Salahaddin University-Erbil Dep. of Software Engineering and Informatics Iraq Koya University Faculty of Engineering Dept. of Software Engineering Kurdistan Region-F.R. Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176246

The positioning accuracy of various kinds of devices is often calculated by using Wi-Fi fingerprints as a data source of Received Signal Strength (RSS). Through different matching algorithms, these RSS values are related to corresponding positioning coordinates for positioning estimation. In this paper, we compare two well known Machine Learning (ML) structures for calculating positioning accuracy: Recurrent Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory (RNN-LSTM) and a Decision Tree (DT). Both matching algorithms run through a series of datasets in two parts. In the first part, the datasets contain raw, non-normalized RSS values. In the second part, the RSS values are all normalized to remove noise in the datasets. After extensive testing and simulations, the tests showed that as long as RSS values are first normalized, a Decision Tree offers better average positioning accuracy. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

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Deep Learning Approach for the Precision Medicine Track 28

Deep Learning Approach for the Precision Medicine Track

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28th Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2019

作者： Consuegra-Ayala, Juan Pablo Stilo, Giovanni Celi, Alessandro Di Salle, Amleto University of Havana School of Math and Computer Science Cuba University of L'Aquila Dep. of Information Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics Italy

The paper describes the system presented by the University of L'Aquila in collaboration with the University of Havana - team named UNIVAQ - to the TREC 2019 Precision Medicine Track. The proposed solution, maps any kind of documents - Scientific Abstract, Clinical trials, and Topics - into a multi-dimensional common general representation. Each document is described by five primitive features. The values of each feature are extracted from the original documents using deep learning and machine learning text processing based techniques. To recognize Genes and Diseases, we have trained our models using the PubTator annotated corpus. Instead, to derive demographics information, we have trained the employed deep learning models using the documents -obtained from the Relevance and Raw judgements of the past edition of TREC Precision Medicine/Clinical Decision Support Track 2018- considered "relevant" or "partially relevant". The results of the Track clearly show that applying a system (as our) made solely by a tagging based approach to the Precision Medicine task, is not sufficient to achieve the performances gained by other systems presented in the TREC Precision Medicine Track 2019. © 2019 28th Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2019 - Proceedings. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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Minimization of wind power curtailment using dynamic line rating 10

Minimization of wind power curtailment using dynamic line ra...

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10th IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe, ISGT-Europe 2020

作者： Chakrapani Manakari, Vageesh Thengius, Sandra Tammanur Ravi, Akshaya Morozovska, Kateryna Hilber, Patrik KTH Royal Institute of Technology Div. of Electric Power and Energy Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm Sweden Heimdall Power AS Oslo Norway KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Dep. of Electromagnetic Engineering Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781728171005

ISBN: (纸本)9781728171005

Large scale penetration of wind power to the grid and unevenly spread power demand can result in the transmission system not being able to dispatch all the produced wind power, causing in wind power *** line rating (DLR) is a technology which uses thermal properties of overhead conductors and weather data to determine the real-time ampacity limits of transmission lines. In general, dynamic rating allows extending capacity limits of power lines and helps to remove congestion in the grid.(/p)(p This study looks into the possibility of using dynamic line rating for removing congestion in the power system to allow dispatching more wind power and minimize the need for curtailment. The results of case-studies have shown that DLR allows to significantly reduce the curtailment of generation, especially during winter, when wind production is highest and day time, when the power demand is the highest. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Wind power

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Society-Level Software Governance: A Challenging Scenario 42

Society-Level Software Governance: A Challenging Scenario

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42nd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software engineering Workshops, ICSEW 2020

作者： Musil, Juergen Musil, Angelika Weyns, Danny Biffl, Stefan CDL-SQI Inst. Inf. Systems Engineering TU Wien Austria Dep. of Computer Science KU Leuven Belgium Linnaeus University Växjö Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781450379632

The technology-driven transformation process continues to spawn novel, growth-oriented digital application domains and platforms. The user base of these society-level software systems consists of a larger proportion of the community and that involve a large set of stakeholder groups. In case of an incident there is a public demand from a variety of stakeholders for multilateral intervention in order to correct the behavior of the software system. For software engineering as a technical discipline that has been fostered and matured in corporate and organizational context, this is a major challenge because it has to deal with a multitude of multidisciplinary stakeholders and their concerns. In order to stimulate further discussions, we discuss software governance on societal level and identify future research challenges of this increasingly relevant topic. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： computer software

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Stabilization of THz waves using chaos supremacy

Stabilization of THz waves using chaos supremacy

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International Conference on Smart Green Technology in Electrical and information Systems (ICSGTEIS)

作者： Fumiyoshi Kuwashima Mona Jarrahi Semih Cakmakyapan Kenji Wada Masanobu Haraguchi Yuki Kawakami Takeshi Moriyasu Osamu Morikawa Kazuyoshi Kurihara Hideaki Kitahara Takashi Furuya Makoto Nakajima Masahiko Tani Dep. of Electr. and Electron. Eng. Fukui University of Technology Fukui Japan Electrical and Computer Eng. UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Dep. of Physics and Electronics Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka Japan Industrial and Social Science Grad. Sch. of Tech. Tokushima Univ. Tokushima Japan Dep. of Elec. and Inf. Eng. Natl. Inst. of Tech. Fukui Col. Fukui Japan Faculty of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui Japan Chair of Liberal Arts Japan Coast Guard Academy Kure Japan School of Education University. of Fukui Fukui Japan FIR-UF University of Fukui Fukui Japan Inst. of Laser Engineering Osaka Univ. Osaka Japan

We apply the chaos supremacy of laser chaos system to the high stabilization of THz waves. Stability was demonstrated by down converting the optical beats between laser longitudinal modes in the THz domain to the radio frequency domain and comparing a conventional free running CW laser diode to a chaotically oscillating laser diode. Because of their exceptional stability, chaotically oscillating lasers are attractive options for optical pump sources in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy systems.

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