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A review of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technology applied in building environment control

Energy and Built Environment 2025年第3期6卷 402-431页

作者： Cao, Xuhui Li, Niansi Li, Yulin Che, Lei Yu, Bendong Liu, Huifang College of Urban Construction Nanjing Tech University Jiangsu Nanjing210009 China Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Solar energy is widely used to replace traditional energy because of its clean and efficient characteristics. Solar energy has great application potential and prospects in building energy conservation. Combining solar energy with buildings can achieve higher efficiency while reducing costs, and the life of the system is longer. PV/T technology combines solar photovoltaic and photothermal technology and obtains sustainable electrical energy and thermal energy at the same time. PV/T systems can be easily integrated to buildings and the electricity and heat generated by PV/T can drive a variety of physical and chemical processes such as heat collection process, solid/liquid dehumidification process and photo/thermal catalytic purification process. Therefore, building-integrated PV/T system has good application potential in building environment control such as indoor air temperature, air humidity and gaseous pollutants control. In the review of the past decade at home and abroad, most of the research on PV/T focuses on the development process, equipment and materials, accounting for 28 %, 21 % and 19 %, respectively, while only 15 % is related to the building-integrated PV/T system. The present work mainly investigates the application of PV/T in building environment in the past ten years, and reports a variety of application cases of PV/T technology combined with building systems to regulate indoor comfort and improve indoor environment. In addition, this paper reviews the simulation and experimental works of different building solar integrated PV/T systems and puts forward the prospect and suggestion for future research. © 2023

关键词： Solar energy

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Online Credibility Assessment of Equipment Digital Twin for Discrete Manufacturing

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IEEE Transactions on automation Science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 14763-14774页

作者： Lu, Han Zhang, Lin Deen, M. Jamal Wang, Kunyu Cheng, Hongbo Yang, Laurence T. Beihang University Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Zhejiang 311115 China Beihang University School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing System Technology Beijing100854 China AI Atlas Inc Canada Zhengzhou University School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence School of Software Engineering Zhengzhou China St. Francis Xavier University Department of Computer Science Antigonish Canada

The equipment digital twins (EDTs) for discrete manufacturing should be calibrated quickly to avoid irreversible physical damage to the equipment caused by biased control commands. Therefore, an online credibility assessment method for EDTs is urgently needed. However, existing assessment approaches consume too much time, and thus could not reveal dynamic faults in time. In this paper, the dynamic relationship between online evolution and actual applications of EDTs is investigated. Then, two steps are proposed to accelerate the assessment process significantly. One involves pre-constructing a performance-deviation-agent (PDA), and the other involves dynamically fitting the application-time-window (ATW) probability distribution. The methodology is applicable to discrete manufacturing processes. The dynamic credibility of EDT evolution process can be updated after every iteration of the model evolution. Sorting manufacturing equipment was used as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. The time consumption was reduced by 90% compared with traditional assessment methods in the case. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fabrication

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Binary-Level Formal Verification Based Automatic Security Ensurement for PLC in Industrial IoT

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年第3期22卷 2211-2226页

作者： Zhang, Xuankai Li, Jianhua Wu, Jun Chen, Guoxing Meng, Yan Zhu, Haojin Zhang, Xiaosong Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai200240 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu610054 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen518055 China

Currently, the security of the control logic of Programmable Logic controllers (PLCs) is facing a serious threat, significantly impacting industrial production. Consequently, ensuring the security of PLC control logic becomes imperative. Formal verification emerges as a promising methodology for verifing PLC security through behavioral modeling and security testing. However, existing formal verification approaches primarily focus on modeling the PLC source code, overlooking the identification of compile-time errors and real-time runtime logic checks. Therefore, it is essential to apply formal verification to PLC control logic at the binary level. In this study, we introduce VoICS, a system designed to facilitate binary-level formal verification. Using reverse engineering, VoICS automatically parses PLC programs written by various programming languages at the binary level and constructs control flow graphs (CFGs). Furthermore, we use an algorithm combining two model optimization methods (i.e., trim invalid states and unnecessary states compression) to convert the reversed PLC assembly program into nuXmv format model. Lastly, VoICS establishes the corresponding constraints and performs formal verification on the model using nuXmv. The evaluation results demonstrate the capability of VoICS in identifying instances of unreliable control logic within PLC control programs, thus reinforcing the dependability of the industrial automation system. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Formal verification

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A Risk Identification Method for Power Operation Scenarios Using Image Caption and Semantic Text Similarity Analysis

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 2025年第6期21卷 4488-4498页

作者： Li, Wei Ma, Fuqi Jia, Rong Wang, Bo Wang, Hongxia Alharbi, Abdullah M. Xi'an University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an710048 China Wuhan University School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan430072 China University of Denver Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering DenverCO80208 United States Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Wadi ad-Dawasir11942 Saudi Arabia

Power production is a complex process that involves multiple interactions, which require rich semantic knowledge to categorize and evaluate. Utilizing high-level image understanding to accurately identify risks is significant in ensuring staff safety and grid stability. In this work, we propose image captioning and semantic text similarity analysis (IC-STSA), a risk identification method for complex power operation scenarios the employs image captioning and semantic text similarity analysis. First, image caption is used to transform an image at the site into the text that best describes the visual data. Next, a safe power production (SPP) knowledge base is established, after which semantic text similarity analysis is introduced to transform the risk identification into a text classification problem. By comparing the image caption information and the SPP knowledge base and identifying similarities, we achieve refined descriptions of operation scenarios and thereby risk identification. In the final step, actual images are used to verify the findings of the IC-STSA. Results show the proposed method performs well, generating accurate, targeted descriptions, and risk identification. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics Decoding Visualization Safety production Feature extraction Electronic mail Vectors Long short term memory Knowledge based systems

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Fuzzy process capability evaluation model for asymmetric tolerance production

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Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 2025年第5期239卷 683-692页

作者： Yu, Chun-Min Chen, Kuen-Suan Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Business Administration Chaoyang University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Business Administration Asia University Taichung Taiwan

process capability indices (PCIs) are commonly applied assessment tools which enable the evaluation of process quality during production processes and also allow internal engineers to conveniently and effectively communicate with each other. Many studies have indicated that improving process capabilities not only increases product value but also reduces rates of scrap and rework and betters product availability. Furthermore, enhancing product quality also lengthens product lifespan and delays recovery. Clearly, quality is a crucial factor of corporate sustainability. The quality characteristics of many machine products have asymmetric tolerances, so PCIs with asymmetric tolerances are needed to evaluate these quality characteristics. Many researchers have stressed that sample sizes are not usually large due to cost and technical considerations as well as corporate demands for swift responses. Also, small sample sizes are associated with an increased risk of misjudgement. To address this, we developed a fuzzy evaluation method based on confidence intervals for PCIs with asymmetric tolerances. This approach incorporated expert experience and accumulated data to boost evaluation accuracy and diminish the likelihood of misjudgement resulting from sampling errors. © IMechE 2024.

关键词： Membership functions

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Life cycle assessment of variants of water treatment technological processes in Pilsen (Czech Republic)

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Water Practice and technology 2025年第4期20卷 954-970页

作者： Klimtová, Martina Kočí, Vladimír Purkarová, Eliška Trecáková, Tatiana Department of Sustainability and Product Ecology Faculty of Environmental Technology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5Dejvice Prague 6166 28 Czech Republic Vodárna Plzeň a. s. Malostranská 2 Pilsen 2 Slovany326 00 Czech Republic

The purpose of a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) is to produce water of adequate quality. However, used technology, chemicals, and energy generate increased environmental impacts. This study evaluates drinking water production in Pilsen City, identifies the arising impacts, and determines ways to reduce them by the life cycle assessment (LCA). The current technology is based on three stages of separation, including the following schemes: coagulation, sedimentation, pH adjustment, rapid sand filtration, ozonation, granular activated carbon filtration, disinfection, and stabilization. The results obtained using the EF 3.0 method revealed that consumption of electricity and aluminum sulfate coagulant had the largest impact in most categories. The results of the LCA showed that the reconstruction of the technology reduced overall environmental impacts by 19.3%. The treatment process with the dosing of the alternative coagulant was assessed using a model approach. A comparison of the results showed that DWTP using iron sulfate has lower environmental impacts. In the end, the impacts of the current DWTP with electricity from the electricity grid were evaluated and compared with alternative sources for electricity production. The environmental impact of DWTP could be reduced using a larger share of renewable sources for electricity production. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Coagulation

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Sustainable management of iron ore extraction processes using methods of borehole hydro technology

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International Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering 2025年第1期16卷 92-112页

作者： Kosenko, Andrii Khomenko, Oleh Kononenko, Maksym Polyanska, Alla Buketov, Valentyn Dychkovskyi, Roman Polański, Jaroslaw Howaniec, Natalia Smolinski, Adam Department of Rock Mass Condition Control Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Symphyropilska Str. 15 DniproUA-490005 Ukraine Department of Mining Engineering and Education Dnipro University of Technology Yavornytskoho Ave. 19 DniproUA-49005 Ukraine Department of Transport Systems and Energy-Mechanical Complexes Dnipro University of Technology Yavornytskoho Ave. 19 DniproUA-49005 Ukraine Faculty of Management AGH University of Science and Technology al. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30059 Poland Institute of the Center of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Universidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa San Agustin Street 107 ArequipaPE-04000 Peru Faculty of Science and Technology Institute of Chemistry University of Silesia Szkolna 9 Katowice40-006 Poland Department of Energy Saving and Air Protection Central Mining Institute Plac Gwarkow 1 Katowice40-166 Poland

The development of rich iron ore deposits in the Kryvyi Rih Basin is carried out by underground methods at considerable depths. This mining method is characterised by high labour, capital and operating costs. In the paper, the experimental research on the establishment of rational parameters of borehole hydrotechnology for the sustainable management of iron ore extraction processes of martite ore deposits at considerable depths. Based on the experimental studies, mathematical expressions have been derived to calculate the rational parameters for borehole disintegration of martite ore masses using rotating water jets. Dependencies between the structural and morphological characteristics and the fracturing of martite ores, as well as the parameters of influence of water control, were identified. It was found that the use of borehole hydrotechnology ensures selective exposure of ore-forming minerals. As a result, the ore quality is improved and the silica mass fraction is reduced, which enables the production of the highest quality iron ore raw materials – superconcentrates. In addition, this technology is a combined ore preparation process that includes beneficiation, grinding, and classification of destruction products based on their particle size composition during their washing. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Iron ores

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Design and Development of a Lean Robotic Cell for Concrete 3D Printing 6

Design and Development of a Lean Robotic Cell for Concrete 3...

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6th International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing, ISM 2024

作者： Ramirez-Rodriguez, Fatima Pancho, Paolo Sanchez, Daniela Poudel, Suman Bhavsar, Dhyan Ahmad, Rafiq Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Alberta 9211 116 Street NW EdmontonT6G 1H9 Canada

This study enhances the efficiency of concrete 3D printing for prefabricated lightweight slabs by implementing lean principles and robotic automation. Benchmarking an existing optimized slab design and simulating a lean robotic cell revealed significant improvements in production time, automation efficiency, quality assurance, cost savings, workspace optimization, and continuous improvement through sensor data collection. The study compares the current manufacturing process with a proposed lean process for a complex octagonal slab design. Assumptions on building dimensions, slab requirements, printing methods, and materials facilitated the analysis. The current process takes 10 hours per slab, including printing, reinforcement placement, and drying. Lean principles aim to reduce waste and boost productivity, enhancing the manufacturing efficiency of prefabricated lightweight slabs. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Concrete slabs

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Human-on-the-Loop control in Surface Mount technology via Deep Reinforcement Learning

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IET control Theory and Applications 2025年第1期19卷

作者： Zhang, Qianqian Li, Pengfei Zhao, Yun-Bo Kang, Yu School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Anhui Hefei China Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of Technology Anhui Hefei China

Considering the importance of solder paste printing in the production process of surface mounted technology (SMT), as well as the decisive impact of key process parameters on the solder paste printing effect. Traditional methods, whether manual or machine tuning, suffer from significant production capacity losses due to long downtime, and machines cannot adaptively adjust parameters based on human expert knowledge, thereby affecting the qualification rate of solder paste printing and the efficiency of SMT production lines. This paper proposes a human–machine integration optimization method for key printing process parameters. By establishing a printing quality prediction model and a key process parameter strategy model, a closed-loop control system has been formed to achieve machine autonomous parameter tuning with expert knowledge. And this paper has completed the establishment of the strategy model based on deep reinforcement learning methods, enabling the SMT production line to predict and adjust key process parameters in real time based on SPI data. In addition, the optimization method described in this paper retains the final decision-making authority of human operators to ensure emergency correction of prediction bias and decision failure history in the system. The final experimental results of this paper indicate that the proposed optimization method performs well in terms of qualification rate, correction effect, SPI data prediction, etc. These demonstrate the effectiveness and value of the proposed human-on-the-loop optimization method in SMT production lines. © 2025 The Author(s). IET control Theory & Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and technology.

关键词： Surface mount technology

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Innovative pilot-scale process for sustainable rare earth oxide production from coal byproducts:A comprehensive environmental impact assessment

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 397-404,I0006页

作者： Mohsen Rabbani Joshua Werner Ario Fahimi Ehsan Vahidi Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Mackay School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of NevadaRenoNV USA Department of Mining Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY USA

This study developed a pilot-scale process feeding with two different materials resulting from a column leaching process and acid mine drainage(AMD)streams to recover rare earth elements(REEs).A life cycle assessment(LCA)study was done to evaluate the environmental impacts of rare earth production from deleterious material in the form of highly contaminated leachate(HCL)and low-contaminated leachate(LCL).The results indicate that the main contributors to environmental categories that produce RE-hydroxide stages are NaOH and ***,oxalic acid,Na_(2)CO_(3),and hydrochloric acid significantly contribute to the production stage of individual rare earth oxides(REOs),including solvent extraction(SX)and precipitation *** HCL route has higher environmental impacts than LCL due to higher chemical/energy and H_(2)SO_(4)usage,so 468 and 292 kg of carbon dioxide are generated to produce1 t of individual REOs from HCL and LCL routes,***,the carbon dioxide emitted from the process,including the RE-hydroxide production,SX,and REOs production,is less than 10 t CO_(2).A sensitivity analysis was also performed to assess the changeability of the environmental footprints of the main inputs in the SX process,as the main stage has a higher contribution to the whole *** LCA study is the first step toward understanding the environmental influence of new processing methods to produce REEs from coal by-products through a developed pilot-scale process.

关键词： Environmental impacts Rare earth elements Precipitation Rare earth oxide Life cycle assessment Coal by-products

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