A two-port memory contains two similar ports, which can be accessed separately and independent of each other. In this paper, logical fault models are derived for the effect of shorts between the ports. The result is a...
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A two-port memory contains two similar ports, which can be accessed separately and independent of each other. In this paper, logical fault models are derived for the effect of shorts between the ports. The result is a set of new fault models, based on circuit simulation, together with a new test.
This paper presents the results of 44 well known memory tests applied to 1896 1M*4 DRAM chips, using up to 96 different stress combinations with each test. The results show the importance of selecting the right stress...
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This paper presents the results of 44 well known memory tests applied to 1896 1M*4 DRAM chips, using up to 96 different stress combinations with each test. The results show the importance of selecting the right stress combination, and that the theoretically better tests (i.e. those covering different functional faults) also have a higher fault coverage. However the currently used fault models still leave much to be explained; e.g., the used data backgrounds and address orders show an unexplainable large variation in fault coverage.
Field-programmable logic (FPL) densities and performance have steadily improved, allowing DSP solutions to be integrated on a single FPL chip. The primary limitation of FPLs, in DSP-centric applications, is their intr...
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Field-programmable logic (FPL) densities and performance have steadily improved, allowing DSP solutions to be integrated on a single FPL chip. The primary limitation of FPLs, in DSP-centric applications, is their intrinsically weak arithmetic performance compared to DSP microprocessors and ASICs. In some cases, distributed arithmetic (DA) has been used to mask FPL arithmetic inadequacies. The Residue Number System (RNS) has demonstrated an ability to support high-bandwidth arithmetic with limited resources. This paper presents a methodology for merging distributed arithmetic with the residue number systems to achieve high-performance FPL solutions.
The high volume of information available on the Internet makes it necessary to use search and organization tools to filter and display it. This presentation must make efficient use of the surface the browser leaves;th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540650784
The high volume of information available on the Internet makes it necessary to use search and organization tools to filter and display it. This presentation must make efficient use of the surface the browser leaves;this is even more true in the case of personalized newspapers, in which all the news and publicity must be presented in only one "coup d'oeil", to make them as effective as possible. In this paper, a system to automatically paginate web newspapers on the browser is presented. The system uses a genetic algorithm with integer representation and variable mutation amplitude, fine-tuned by a greedy algorithm. This combination proves to be much better than the genetic algorithm alone. The algorithm is proved to be able to lay out the web page in real time, that is, a time insignificant with respect to the time it takes to load an average page. The system will be embedded in several personalized news sites that are being developed at Granada University.
This paper presents a self-organizing approach for mobile robot path planning problems in dynamic environments by using case-based reasoning together with a more conventional method of grid-map based path planning. Th...
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NASA's Mission to Planet Earth (MTPE) is planning to launch the Earth Observing System (EOS) starting in 1998. The large number of planned remote sensing satellites will bring 500 Gigabytes of information per day....
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A classifier for an automatic system that recognizes multifont typewritten digits, often broken and blurred, in forms is presented. The classification, which is based on the utilization of a global feature, is applied...
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A classifier for an automatic system that recognizes multifont typewritten digits, often broken and blurred, in forms is presented. The classification, which is based on the utilization of a global feature, is applied in two phases. Firstly, a minimum distance method (1-NN) is applied in a multifont classifier to provide a global classification of the patterns in a form. A problem associated to multifont classifiers is the interference among classes in different fonts. An interesting aspect of this particular application is that it is highly probable that a form includes just one font. Then, in the second phase, a specialized classifier, oriented to one-form, uses the patterns in the form previously classified to validate, or reject and reclassify them, on the basis of the mean distance to the predefined classes. This specialized classifier affords significant improvement in performance. A classification accuracy rate of 99.42% has been achieved.
This work addresses the segmentation of numeric fields in forms presenting blurring, breaks and touching in digits. In an OCR system, the segmentation phase plays a determinant role in the global accuracy of the syste...
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This work addresses the segmentation of numeric fields in forms presenting blurring, breaks and touching in digits. In an OCR system, the segmentation phase plays a determinant role in the global accuracy of the system. Segmentation is basically addressed from two approaches: (a) as an isolated phase in the OCR process, and (b) as interacting with the recognition of the segmented item. In this work, we have considered the first one in order to develop a robust new cost function combining vertical projection, Tsujimoto metric (1991) and background information. Unlike other techniques reported in the literature, ours obtains a near-optimum number of break points in fields containing broken, blurred and touching characters, leading to high accuracy in the global OCR system. Our experiments with a sample including about 11283 numeric fields in 144 forms (more than 50000 digits of that kind) show that 99.74% of fields have been correctly segmented. The new cost function only made 50 errors.
In mixed-mode BIST, deterministic test patterns are generated with on-chip hardware to detect the random-pattern-resistant (r.p.r.) faults that are missed by the pseudo-random patterns. While previous work in mixed-mo...
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In mixed-mode BIST, deterministic test patterns are generated with on-chip hardware to detect the random-pattern-resistant (r.p.r.) faults that are missed by the pseudo-random patterns. While previous work in mixed-mode BIST has focused on developing hardware schemes for more efficiently encoding a given set of deterministic patterns (generated by a conventional ATPG procedure), the approach taken in this paper is to improve the encoding efficiency (and hence reduce hardware overhead) by specially selecting a set of deterministic test patterns for the r.p.r. faults that can be efficiently encoded. A special ATPG procedure is described for finding test patterns for the r.p.r. faults that are correlated (have the same logic value) in many bit positions. Such test patterns can be efficiently encoded with one of the many "bit-fixing" schemes that have been described in the literature. Results are shown for different bit-fixing schemes which indicate dramatic reductions in BIST overhead can be achieved by using the proposed ATPG procedure to select which test patterns to encode.
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