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22nd IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2023

作者： Asl, MirHamed Jafarzadeh Shateri, Mohammadhadi Labeau, Fabrice McGill University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering QC Canada Ecole de Technologie Supérieure Department of Systems Engineering QC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345346

This paper adopts Arimoto's α -Mutual Information as a tunable privacy measure, in a privacy-preserving data release setting that aims to prevent disclosing private data to adversaries. By fine-tuning the privacy metric, we demonstrate that our approach yields superior models that effectively thwart attackers across various performance dimensions. We formulate a general distortion-based mechanism that manipulates the original data to offer privacy protection. The distortion metrics are determined according to the data structure of a specific experiment. We confront the problem expressed in the formulation by employing a general adversarial deep learning framework that consists of a releaser and an adversary, trained with opposite goals. This study conducts empirical experiments on images and time-series data to verify the functionality of α -Mutual Information. We evaluate the privacy-utility trade-off of customized models and compare them to mutual information as the baseline measure. Finally, we analyze the consequence of an attacker's access to side information about private data and witness that adapting the privacy measure results in a more refined model than the state-of-the-art in terms of resiliency against side information. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： adversarial learning Arimoto's -mutual information data sharing privacy-utility trade-off Tunable privacy measure

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A Survey on Utilizing Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocols 13

A Survey on Utilizing Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Sen...

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13th International Conference on Information and Knowledge Technology, IKT 2022

作者： Abadi, Ali Forghani Elah Asghari, Seyedeh Elham Sharifani, Sepideh Asghari, Seyyed Amir Marvasti, Mohammadreza Binesh Kharazmi University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Tehran Iran Polytechnique Montreal Electrical Engineering Department Montreal Canada Elmo Farhang University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320626

This article reviews the control and routing methods in Wireless Sensor Networks. These methods are able to increase the energy efficiency by using the reinforcement learning technique, considered as one of the means of machine learning. It is based on the reward and punishment technique which has a behavior similar to the learning process in children. Appropriate energy management and therefore lifespan increase in wireless sensor networks is one of the main issues in these types of networks due to the energy consumption limitation in its nodes. The purpose of writing the current article is to get acquainted with the relative methods provided. In this article, various means which are trying to use the reinforcement learning process to improve the behavior of wireless sensor networks and to make them smarter are presented and analyzed. Meanwhile, the evolution of these methods and the ratio of the superiority of each in comparison to the others have been examined. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Research and Development of WRD600: Innovations in High-Power Double-Ridge Waveguide Combiners for Ultra-Wideband Applications

Research and Development of WRD600: Innovations in High-Powe...

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Microwave, MTT-S International Symposium

作者： Mohamed Mamdouh M. Ali Mostafa O. Shady Mahmoud Elsaadany Shoukry I. Shams Ghyslain Gagnon W. Ke Scientific Microwave Corporation Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique Montreal Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350375046

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375053

This paper proposes for the first time a novel double-ridge waveguide standard, the WRD600, tailored for high-power applications across a wide frequency range. Overcoming the operational constraints of existing standards, the WRD600 offers a 3:1 bandwidth (6–18 GHz) with a cutoff frequency at 4.45 GHz. Optimized dimensions ensure non-dispersive transmission behavior, which is essential for achieving a promising performance. In addition, a complete ultra-wideband 4-way power combining assembly is presented as an application for the proposed double-ridge standard. This includes building the test setup and experimentally validating the combining network from 6 to 18 GHz, where an agreement has been shown between the simulated and measured responses. The assembly achieves and demonstrates an output return loss and isolation levels better than 12.5 dB with a 0.8 dB insertion loss and power handling up to 6 KW.

关键词： Microwave measurement Time-frequency analysis Technological innovation Waveguide components Bandwidth Standards Assembly

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Virtual Receiver Matrix and Combinatory Analog Operations for Future Multifunction Reconfigurable Sensing and Communication Wireless Systems

Virtual Receiver Matrix and Combinatory Analog Operations fo...

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作者： Keivaan, Seyed Ali Burasa, Pascal Wu, Ke Polytechnique Montréal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MontrealH3T 1J4 Canada

This article proposes and presents a topological receiver architecture, named virtual receiver matrix (VRM), suitable for future smart multifunction wireless systems. This concept is devised and benefits from using combinatory analog operations with multiple distributed units in a receiver matrix or array. This mechanism of receiving data through spatially 'floating' distributed virtual receiver channels offers an unprecedented solution of providing unparalleled degrees of freedom to implement multiple functions such as data reception, angle-of-arrival (AoA) detection, radar, and imaging operations among many others in a single receiver architecture. Interestingly, the total number of possible virtual receivers from different combinations of unit cells in a matrix is also significantly increased compared with a conventional 'fixed' receiver array. Each virtual receiver, made of a combinatory set, depends on the characteristics of incoming signals and their illumination angle. A mathematical model is established and investigated for the design of unit cells. Although a prototype of choice is studied and designed for the fifth-generation (5G) wireless systems, it is anticipated that the VRM concept is applicable to the sixth-generation (6G) and future wireless systems for enhancing their functionality, capacity, agility, and speed. In this article, a multiport interferometric technique is used for each unit cell of VRM as a proof-of-concept;however, any other receiver type that uses the phase difference of incoming signals can be deployed as the unit cell for the realization of the VRM concept. First, the experimental results of the fabricated proof-of-concept prototype for various modulation schemes including QPSK, 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and 32-QAM are shown with data rates up to 1 MS/s, having a maximum error vector magnitude (EVM) of 9%. Finally, a systematic scheme for 2-D AoA detection using a special combination of unit cells is proposed and d

关键词： Topology

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Review of In-Pixel Gain Amplifiers and Readout Circuits for Low-Light CMOS Image Sensors

IEEE Sensors Reviews

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IEEE Sensors Reviews 2025年 2卷 95-111页

作者： Amr M. Maghraby Ibrahim Bozyel Islam T. Abougindia Suat U. Ay Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Idaho Moscow ID USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Worcester Polytechnique Institute Worcester MA USA Electronics Engineering Department Military Technical College Cairo Egypt

The low-light performance of image sensors can be enhanced by designing high-effective conversion gain signal paths from photon conversion sites to chip outputs. This can be achieved by using high-gain in-pixel amplifiers, high-gain column amplifiers, and by reducing the conversion capacitance of photon-sensing nodes. However, each of these approaches presents unique challenges and limitations that have restricted their widespread adoption in low-light applications. This article reviews the use of in-pixel gain amplifiers and their signal chain electronics in high-conversion-gain complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors over the past two decades. In-pixel gain amplifiers are classified into different categories according to the type of amplification technique used. Analyses of the column-referred conversion gain and the noise of each topology are presented alongside the different metrics used to characterize CMOS image sensor pixels for low-light imaging applications. The performance metrics of various in-pixel gain amplifiers are compared, providing a framework that highlights the best achieved input-referred noise in CMOS image sensors over the past 15 years. Furthermore, different tradeoffs are examined between optimizing conversion gain, pixel full-well capacity, and input read noise in both voltage and charge domains.

关键词： Noise Voltage Transistors Topology CMOS image sensors Reviews Imaging Capacitance Transconductors Circuits

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Design of low-profile frequency reconfigurable antenna for multiband applications

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International Journal of Electronics Letters 2022年第1期10卷 30-47页

作者： Khan, Tayyaba Rahman, MuhibUr Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole Polytechnique De Montréal University of Montreal Montreal Canada

An inverted G-shaped frequency reconfigurable antenna is presented. By inserting two PIN diodes in horizontal and vertical strips, we achieve multiple reconfigurable operating frequency bands in the range of 3 GHz to 10 GHz. The proposed antenna has been fabricated on low-cost FR4 substrate with 1.6 mm thickness. The overall antenna dimensions are 40 × 48 mm² having a partial ground. It covers different wireless applications such as WLAN, WiMAX, Long-Distance Radio Telecommunications, and X-band Satellite Communication. The presented antenna is optimised using simulation while the results are validated by measuring the prototype in all cases. Results are provided in each case and discussed in detail as well. The proposed antenna will be one of the promising candidates for wireless application. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Frequency reconfiguration multiband antennas PIN diodes WiMAX (Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access) WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)

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Majorization theoretical approach to entanglement enhancement via local filtration

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Physical Review A 2024年第4期110卷 042430页

作者： Zacharie Van Herstraeten Nicolas J. Cerf Saikat Guha Christos N. Gagatsos Wyant College of Optical Sciences The Centre for Quantum Information and Communication École Polytechnique de Bruxelles CP 165 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Program in Applied Mathematics The

From the perspective of majorization theory, we study how to enhance the entanglement of a two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) state by using local filtration operations. We present several schemes achieving entanglement enhancement with photon addition and subtraction, and then consider filtration as a general probabilistic procedure consisting in acting with local (nonunitary) operators on each mode. From this, we identify a sufficient set of two conditions for these filtration operators to successfully enhance the entanglement of a TMSV state, namely, the operators must be Fock orthogonal (i.e., preserving the orthogonality of Fock states) and Fock amplifying (i.e., giving larger amplitudes to larger Fock states). Our results notably prove that ideal photon addition, subtraction, and any concatenation thereof always enhance the entanglement of a TMSV state in the sense of majorization theory. We further investigate the case of realistic photon addition (subtraction) and are able to upper bound the distance between a realistic photon-added (-subtracted) TMSV state and a nearby state that is provably more entangled than the TMSV, thus extending entanglement enhancement to practical schemes via the use of a notion of approximate majorization. Finally, we consider the state resulting from k-photon addition (on each of the two modes) on a TMSV state. We prove analytically that the state corresponding to k=1 majorizes any state corresponding to 2≤k≤8 and we conjecture the validity of the statement for all k≥9.

关键词： Entanglement production Measures of continuous variables entanglement Quantum correlations, foundations & formalism Quantum entanglement

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Origins of the high-energy electroluminescence peaks in long-wavelength (∼495-685 nm) InGaN light-emitting diodes

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Applied Physics Letters 2023年第9期123卷 1-6页

作者： Chow, Yi Chao Tak, Tanay Wu, Feng Ewing, Jacob Nakamura, Shuji DenBaars, Steven P. Wu, Yuh-Renn Weisbuch, Claude Speck, James S. Materials Department University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée École Polytechnique CNRS Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau91120 France

We investigate the unexpected high-energy electroluminescence (EL) peaks observed in long-wavelength InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with ground state emission peaks between ∼495 and 685 nm by studying the EL spectra of LEDs with varying quantum well (QW) thicknesses and indium compositions. In addition to the ground state emission, two high-energy emission peaks were observed in the LEDs with thick QWs and high indium compositions. The less energetic high-energy emission peak (2.4-2.6 eV) is attributed to the optical transitions involving excited states. Factors influencing the excited state transitions, such as the QW thickness and indium compositions, were also examined by simulations to better understand the occurrence of these transitions. The more energetic high-energy emission peak (2.8-3.1 eV) originates from V-defect sidewalls and was verified through micro-photoluminescence measurements. Identification of the high-energy emission peaks is essential as it enables targeted epitaxial or growth optimizations to minimize or eliminate these undesirable emission peaks. This work demonstrates the importance of using thin QWs to suppress the unwanted high-energy emissions due to excited state transitions and V-defect sidewalls for long-wavelength InGaN LEDs. © 2023 Author(s).

关键词： Indium

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Fair Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for PV Active Control in LV Distribution Networks

Fair Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for PV Active Control ...

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2023 International Conference on Clean electrical Power, ICCEP 2023

作者： Vassallo, Maurizio Benzerga, Amina Bahmanyar, Alireza Ernst, Damien Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Liège Belgium Institut Polytechnique de Paris Ltci Télécom Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348378

The increasing adoption of distributed energy resources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) panels, has presented new and complex challenges for power network control. With the significant energy production from PV panels, voltage issues in the network have become a problem. Currently, PV smart inverters (SIs) are introduced to mitigate the voltage problems by controlling their active power generation and reactive power injection or absorption. However, reducing the active power output of PV panels can be perceived as unfair to some customers, discouraging the future installations. In this paper, a reinforcement learning technique is proposed to address voltage issues in a distribution network, while considering fairness in active power curtailment among customers. The feasibility of the proposed approach is explored through experiments, demonstrating its ability to effectively control voltage in a fair and efficient manner. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Scalable Low-Complexity Implementation of Constant Matrix Multiplication Circuits

Scalable Low-Complexity Implementation of Constant Matrix Mu...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Aymen-Alaeddine Zeghaida Dinesh Daultani J.M. Pierre Langlois Jean Pierre David Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Canada Department of Computer and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350387179

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387186

Modern neural network models consume a large proportion of power in matrix-vector multiplications. At inference time, the trained network parameters are constant and organized in matrices. Knowing the constant matrices in advance can significantly benefit hardware utilization, throughput and energy consumption of neural network implementations. This paper seeks to achieve hardware optimizations and reduce the computational cost of constant matrix multiplication by exploiting redundancies in sub-expressions common to several products and outputs. For FPGA implementation, our results show that the number of lookup tables can be decreased by up to 62% compared to a standard baseline version already optimized by vendor tools.

关键词： Tensors Redundancy Throughput Hardware Table lookup Iterative methods Kernel

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