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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Nicholas A. Nobile Chuanyu Lian Hongyi Sun Yi-Siou Huang Brian Mills Cosmin Constantin Popescu Dennis Callahan Juejun Hu Carlos A. Ríos Ocampo Nathan Youngblood Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College Park MD USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Draper Scholar Program The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc Cambridge MA USA The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc Cambridge MA USA

Sb 2 Se 3 is used to switch between broadband transparency and enhanced index contrast in two device types leveraging Bragg gratings for tunable stop-and pass-band functionalities. Experimental results highlight fabr... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Bragg gratings Waveguide transitions Phase change materials Optical filters Optical switches Refractive index Fabry-Perot Indexes Passband Optical waveguides

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Predicting Microsatellite Instability from Histology Images with Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer in Colorectal Cancer

Predicting Microsatellite Instability from Histology Images ...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Yun-Chi Chen Tung Chao Wimaya Nitya Phandita Tzu-Yu Sun Huai-Zhi Wang Yi-Hsien Hsieh Le-Yin Hsu Che Lin Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan College of Bioresources and Agriculture NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Data Science Degree Program NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine NTU Taipei Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331518622

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518639

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a pivotal genetic marker influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Traditional MSI examination often requires additional genetic or immunohistochemical tests, whereas histology images, widely available in colorectal cancer diagnosis, offer a valuable alternative for MSI prediction. Although Transformer-based models have demonstrated promising outcomes in predicting MSI from histology images, they are hampered by traditional local attention mechanisms that struggle to capture long-range interdependencies and establish a comprehensive global receptive field. In this study, we introduce DiNAT-MSI, a novel framework for histology-based MSI prediction that incorporates the Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer (DiNAT). This model enhances global context recognition and substantially expands receptive fields, all without additional computational burden. Our results demonstrate that DiNAT-MSI achieves a superior patientwise AUROC compared to ResNet18 and Swin Transformer, along with commendable explainability. Our work not only illustrates a more accessible diagnostic tool for leveraging histological data but also underscores the potential of Transformerbased models with sophisticated attention designs in advancing precision medicine for colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Attention mechanisms Histopathology Computational modeling Precision medicine Small satellites Immunotherapy Colorectal cancer Predictive models Transformers Genetics

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Exhaled volatile organic compounds for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis

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Liver Research 2022年第3期6卷 191-197页

作者： Nanicha Siriwong Thanikan Sukaram Rossarin Tansawat Terapap Apiparakoon Thodsawit Tiyarattanachai Sanparith Marukatat Rungsun Rerknimitr Roongruedee Chaiteerakij Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn Universityand King Chulalongkorn Memorial HospitalThai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand Clinical Sciences PhD International Program Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityThailand Image Processing and Understanding Team Artificial Intelligence Research GroupNational Electronics and Computer Technology Center(NECTEC)Thailand Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand

Objectives:The difficulties in the early detection consequent to the lack of sensitive biomarkers render patients with cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)to have poor ***,sensitive and specific volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were identified in several ***,the VOC profiles in CCA are not ***,we investigated the VOC profiles in exhaled breath of CCA patients and ***:We prospectively collected exhaled breath samples from 30 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with CCA and 30 controls who did not have CCA(seven had benign biliary strictures and 23 had other medical conditions).Exhaled VOCs were identified using gas chromatography mass spectrometry Triple Quadrupoles *** of the significant differences in VOCs between cases and controls was conducted using supervised multivariate regression *** validation was performed for these VOCs in another cohort of 18 CCA patients and 22 ***:Levels of six compounds were significantly different between CCA patients and controls,namely,acetone,isopropyl alcohol,dimethyl sulfide,1,4-pentadiene,allyl methyl sulfide,and N,*** and dimethyl sulfide were independently associated with CCA as demonstrated in the multivariate *** the cut-off value of 8.59107 arbitrary unit(AU),acetone had a sensitivity and specificity of 82.1%and 75.8%,respectively,with an area under the receiving operator curve(AUROC)of 0.85 for the CCA *** level was also significantly different between cases and controls in the validation *** the same cut-off value,the sensitivity,specificity,and AUROC was 59.1%,66.7%,and 0.85,***:Breath analysis may potentially be useful for CCA diagnosis.A cohort of patients with earlystage CCA in further studies is needed to confirm the ability of exhaled VOCs for the early detection of CCA.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) Bile duct cancer Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Biomarker Cancer screening Diagnostic model

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Generative AI for Unmanned Vehicle Swarms: Challenges, Applications and Opportunities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Van Huynh, Nguyen Du, Hongyang Hoang, Dinh Thai Niyato, Dusit Zhu, Kun Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Jamalipour, Abbas In Kim, Dong The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GJ United Kingdom The School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney Australia The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Australia The College of Information and Communication Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

With recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, unmanned vehicle swarms have received great attention from both academia and industry due to their potential to provide services that are difficult and dangerous to perform by humans. However, learning and coordinating movements and actions for a large number of unmanned vehicles in complex and dynamic environments introduce significant challenges to conventional AI methods. Generative AI (GAI), with its capabilities in complex data feature extraction, transformation, and enhancement, offers great potential in solving these challenges of unmanned vehicle swarms. For that, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey on applications, challenges, and opportunities of GAI in unmanned vehicle swarms. Specifically, we first present an overview of unmanned vehicles and unmanned vehicle swarms as well as their use cases and existing issues. Then, an in-depth background of various GAI techniques together with their capabilities in enhancing unmanned vehicle swarms are provided. After that, we present a comprehensive review on the applications and challenges of GAI in unmanned vehicle swarms with various insights and discussions. Finally, we highlight open issues of GAI in unmanned vehicle swarms and discuss potential research directions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Metadata

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A Novel Hybrid Framework for Energy-Efficient Clustering and Routing in Heterogeneous IoT-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks

A Novel Hybrid Framework for Energy-Efficient Clustering and...

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International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I)

作者： Gopal Kumar Gupta Arpit Jain Khemraj Sharma P. M. Ashok Kumar Shubhi Gupta Sheenu Agarwal Symbiosis Institute Of Technology Nagpur Campus Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune India Department of Computer Science Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram AP India Department of Business Administration Doctoral Program in Management Sciences NANHUA UNIVERSITY Dalin Chiayi R.O.C Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Uttarakhand Technical University Dehradun U.K. India

ISBN: (数字)9798350350067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350074

Smart computing has been particularly notable in the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which have many applications. Battery-powered, self-configuring sensor nodes are the basis of these networks. Energy and resources are limited when it comes to sensors. Unbalanced nodes in the network consume more power, which adversely affects the network’s lifespan. An improved energy-efficient cluster-based routing protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) based on the Internet of Things is proposed in this study. Several performance metrics were used to evaluate the proposed model’s effectiveness, including energy efficiency, alive nodes, dead nodes, network lifetime, and residual energy. The results of the comparison were compared with existing methodologies, such as LEACH, PSO, and hybrid PSO. The proposed approach outperforms the existing model by a substantial margin in networks with 50 and 100 nodes, according to the simulation results.

关键词： Wireless communication Measurement Wireless sensor networks Simulation Heuristic algorithms Routing Energy efficiency Routing protocols Internet of Things Informatics

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Deep Learning in Smart Healthcare: A GAN-based Approach for Imbalanced Alzheimer's Disease Classification

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 241卷 146-153页

作者： Hina Tufail Abdul Ahad Ira Puspitasari Ibraheem Shayea Paulo Jorge Coelho Ivan Miguel Pires Department of Computer Science University of Management and Technology Sialkot Pakistan Information System Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical University Xian Shaanxi P.R. China Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Istanbul Technical University(ITU) Turkey Polytechnic University of Leiria Leiria Portugal Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers at Coimbra (INESC Coimbra) Coimbra Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Águeda Universidade de Aveiro Águeda Portugal

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of dementia that leads to memory loss and impairment, which afects patients’ lives badly. It is not curable yet, but its progression can be slowed down if detected at earlier stages. In this research study, we propose a transfer learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) into one of four stages of Alzheimer's disease. One of the major limitations of the deep learning-based classification model is the non-availability of healthcare datasets related to AD. The widely used Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset has a major class imbalance issue. We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) based data augmentation technique to overcome the data imbalance. This promotes the investigation of applying GANs to generate synthetic samples for minority classes in Alzheimer's disease datasets to enhance classification performance. The results show the progression in the overall classification process of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer disease (AD) Deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD)

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Photon avalanche-driven multicolor emission: yttrium vanadate upconversion phosphors for optical thermometry, forensics, and healing light applications

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 516卷

作者： Pavitra, Eluri Antony, Lintymol Park, Jin Young Hwang, Seung Kyu Lee, Jeong-Hwan Chandra, Gogineni Rajesh Basaveswara Rao, M.V. Raju, Ganji Seeta Rama Han, Young-Kyu Huh, Yun Suk NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of 3D Convergence Center Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Energy and Materials Engineering Dongguk University-Seoul Seoul04620 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Electronics and Software Engineering Pukyong National University Yongdang Campus Busan48547 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Program in Semiconductor Convergence Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan's Lara Institute of Technology & Science Andhra Pradesh Guntur India Department of Chemistry Krishna University Andhra Pradesh Machillipatnam521001 India

The exploration of photon upconversion has led to the development of multifunctional lanthanide-based materials, particularly through the mechanism of photon avalanche, marking a transformative advancement in material science. In this study, yttrium vanadate upconversion nanocrystalline phosphors (UCNCPs) activated by Ho3+/Er3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ ions are reported. These UCNCPs demonstrate a remarkable ability in the photon avalanche, offering highly intense and tunable emissions across the visible spectrum at room temperature under low excitation power of 980 nm laser. The average number of photons involved in the UC process at threshold pump power, highlighting the intricate interplay of cross-relaxation and energy transfer loops in avalanche mechanism. Notably, these UCNCPs have shown exceptional temperature sensing capabilities, where non-thermally coupled levels of the Ho3+ and Tm3+ ions provide higher relative sensitivity and accuracy than thermally coupled levels of Er3+ ions. The versatility of these UCNCPs is further established by their application in solid-state lighting, where they can produce vibrant red, green, blue, and warm-white light, and in security, serving as multi-level anti-counterfeiting inks that respond to 980 nm laser illumination. These developments not only pave the way for more energy-efficient lighting solutions but also offer new avenues for enhancing the security of valuable items. The temperature sensing capabilities of these phosphors add another layer of functionality, making them ideal for high-tech applications ranging from medical diagnostics to environmental monitoring. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Phosphors

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High-Order Nonlinear Electrophoresis in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第15期132卷 158102-158102页

作者： Mojtaba Rajabi Taras Turiv Bing-Xiang Li Hend Baza Dmitry Golovaty Oleg D. Lavrentovich Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA Department of Physics Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China Department of Mathematics The University of Akron Akron Ohio 44325-4002 USA Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA

Electrophoresis is the motion of particles relative to a surrounding fluid driven by a uniform electric field. In conventional electrophoresis, the electrophoretic velocity grows linearly with the applied field. Nonlinear effects with a quadratic speed vs field dependence are gaining research interest since an alternating current field could drive them. Here, we report on the giant nonlinearity of electrophoresis in a nematic liquid crystal in which the speed grows with the fourth and sixth powers of the electric field. The mechanism is attributed to the shear thinning of the nematic environment induced by the moving colloid. The observed giant nonlinear effect dramatically enhances the efficiency of electrophoretic transport.

关键词： Electrophoresis Non-Newtonian fluids Nonlinear dynamics in fluids Colloids Liquid crystals Nematic liquid crystals Optical microscopy Rheology techniques

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Fast RTL Implementation of A∗ Path Planning Algorithm

Fast RTL Implementation of A∗ Path Planning Algorithm

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2021 International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM 2021

作者： Osama, Adham Mostafa, Ahmed Mamdouh, Eslam Gamal, Mohamed Imam, Usama Taha, Mohamed Khalil, Ahmed Ahmed, Islam Mostafa, Hassan Cairo University Electronics and Communication Engineering Department Giza12613 Egypt Siemens EDA IC Verification Solutions Cairo Egypt University of Science and Technology Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronics Program Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens 6th of October Giza12578 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408394

The conventional A∗ algorithm consumes a lot of time due to its large number of iterations. In every iteration, the memory is accessed for multiple data structures, functions are evaluated then sorted into queues which makes it sometimes not suitable for real-time applications. This paper proposes a fast implementation for the A∗ algorithm to meet requirements of real-time applications. The proposed implementation uses parallelism and caching to achieve better performance. We used Register Transfer Level (RTL) simulation and formal verification to do functional verification of the implemented *** design is implemented on Xilinx Virtex-7 to be evaluated. Experiments prove that this implementation achieves 100 times enhancement for low obstacle maps and 50 times for high ones relative to software implementation. The design is suitable for real-time applications. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Formal verification

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Dynamic Radio Map Using Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Dynamic Radio Map Using Statistical Hypothesis Testing

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作者： Katagiri, Keita Sato, Koya Inage, Kei Fujii, Takeo Advanced Wireless and Communication Research Center University of Electro-Communications Tokyo182-8585 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Tokyo University of Science Tokyo125-8585 Japan Electrical and Electronics Engineering Program Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Tokyo140-0011 Japan

Private fifth-generation mobile communication networks (5G) have garnered considerable attention for providing various communication services. In private 5G systems, such as those employed in smart factories, it is necessary to appropriately manage the interference power among diverse systems because each nonpublic operator deploys a gNodeB in the local area and utilizes a similar allocated frequency. Several researchers have discussed the use of a radio map, which stores the spatial distribution of received signal power values as a tool for managing intra-system interference. Radio maps are typically applied to television white space, where the location of the base station (BS) is fixed and the average value of the received signal power exhibits time-invariant characteristics. However, in private 5G networks, the estimation accuracy using a conventional radio map is lowered because the location of the BS may be changed when the factory is rearranged. In this study, a database server is used to infer a significant difference in the average values of the received signal power by means of Welch's ${t}$ -test;the server then updates the radio map based on the test results. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can detect changes in the BS location and update the radio map accurately. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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