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Improving dye-sensitized solar cell longevity: An aerogel encapsulation approach

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2025年 174卷

作者： Savisha Mahalingam Abreeza Manap Kam Sheng Lau Dita Floresyona Chin Hua Chia Nurfanizan Afandi Puvaneswaran Chelvanathan Faiz Arith Agung Nugroho Institute of Sustainable Energy Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Materials Science Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Pertamina Jalan Teuku Nyak Arief Simprug Kebayoran Lama Jakarta 12220 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Malaysia Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Electronics and Computer Technology and Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Hang Tuah Jaya Durian Tunggal 76100 Melaka Malaysia

The primary challenge in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is electrolyte leakage, compromising long-term stability and performance. Alternative electrolytes and encapsulation strategies have been explored to address this. In this study, we propose using nitrogen, fluorine, and sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (NSF-rGO) aerogel as an electrolyte encapsulator within DSSCs. The NSF-rGO aerogel was synthesized using a one-pot hydrothermal technique and serves to trap the liquid electrolyte, enhancing cell stability while maintaining conductivity. Although the initial power conversion efficiency of the NSF-rGO-based DSSC was lower than that of the conventional DSSC, it demonstrated significantly improved long-term stability. After two years, the efficiency drop in the NSF-rGO encapsulated DSSC was notably less than in the conventional design, indicating effective electrolyte retention and resistance to degradation. These results suggest that NSF-rGO aerogel encapsulation is a promising strategy for extending the operational lifespan of DSSCs and contributing to more sustainable energy solutions.

关键词： Conductivity Electrical properties Energy Heteroatoms

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Single-molecule localization microscopy reveals the ultrastructural constitution of distal appendages in expanded mammalian centrioles

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Nature communications 2023年第1期14卷 1688页

作者： Ting-Jui Ben Chang Jimmy Ching-Cheng Hsu T Tony Yang Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. tonyyang@ntu.edu.tw. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. tonyyang@ntu.edu.tw.

Distal appendages (DAPs) are vital in cilia formation, mediating vesicular and ciliary docking to the plasma membrane during early ciliogenesis. Although numerous DAP proteins arranging a nine-fold symmetry have been studied using superresolution microscopy analyses, the extensive ultrastructural understanding of the DAP structure developing from the centriole wall remains elusive owing to insufficient resolution. Here, we proposed a pragmatic imaging strategy for two-color single-molecule localization microscopy of expanded mammalian DAP. Importantly, our imaging workflow enables us to push the resolution limit of a light microscope well close to a molecular level, thus achieving an unprecedented mapping resolution inside intact cells. Upon this workflow, we unravel the ultra-resolved higher-order protein complexes of the DAP and its associated proteins. Intriguingly, our images show that C2CD3, microtubule triplet, MNR, CEP90, OFD1, and ODF2 jointly constitute a unique molecular configuration at the DAP base. Moreover, our finding suggests that ODF2 plays an auxiliary role in coordinating and maintaining DAP nine-fold symmetry. Together, we develop an organelle-based drift correction protocol and a two-color solution with minimum crosstalk, allowing a robust localization microscopy imaging of expanded DAP structures deep into the gel-specimen composites.

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Integration of MRI and somatosensory evoked potentials facilitate diagnosis of spinal cord compression

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Scientific Reports 2023年第1期13卷 1-12页

作者： Sun, Shu-Pin Phang, Chun-Ren Tzou, Shey-Cherng Chen, Chang-Mu Ko, Li-Wei International Ph.D. Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience (UST) College of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 734 Engineering Bldg. 5 1001 Daxue Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Department of Medical Research National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Surgery College of Medicine and Hospital National Taiwan University No. 7 Zhongshan South Road Taipei 10002 Taiwan Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B) College of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environment Biology and the Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan

This study aimed to integrate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and related somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) features to assist in the diagnosis of spinal cord compression (SCC). MRI scans were graded from 0 to 3 according to the changes in the subarachnoid space and scan signals to confirm differences in SCC levels. The amplitude, latency, and time–frequency analysis (TFA) power of preoperative SSEP features were extracted and the changes were used as standard judgments to detect neurological function changes. Then the patient distribution was quantified according to the SSEP feature changes under the same and different MRI compression grades. Significant differences were found in the amplitude and TFA power between MRI grades. We estimated three degrees of amplitude anomalies and power loss under each MRI grade and found the presence or absence of power loss occurs after abnormal changes in amplitude only. For SCC, few integrated approach combines the advantages of both MRI and evoked potentials. However, integrating the amplitude and TFA power changes of SSEP features with MRI grading can help in the diagnosis and speculate progression of SCC. © 2023, The Author(s).

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Demonstration of a bosonic quantum classifier with data re-uploading

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ono, Takafumi Roga, Wojciech Wakui, Kentaro Fujiwara, Mikio Miki, Shigehito Terai, Hirotaka Takeoka, Masahiro Program in Advanced Materials Science Faculty of Engineering and Design Kagawa University 2217-20 Hayashi-cho Kagawa Takamatsu761-0396 Japan JST PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Saitama Kawaguchi332-0012 Japan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama223-8522 Japan Koganei Tokyo184-8795 Japan Koganei Tokyo184-8795 Japan Advanced ICT Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 588-2 Iwaoka Nishi Kobe651-2492 Japan

In a single qubit system, a universal quantum classifier can be realised using the data-reuploading technique. In this study, we propose a new quantum classifier applying this technique to bosonic systems and successfully demonstrated it using silicon optical integrated quantum circuits. We established a theory of quantum machine learning algorithm applicable to bosonic systems and implemented a programmable optical circuit combined with an interferometer. Learning and classification using part of the implemented optical quantum circuit with uncorrelated two-photons resulted in a classification with a reproduction rate of approximately 94% in the proof of principle experiment. As this method can be applied to arbitrary two-mod N-photon system, further development of optical quantum classifiers, such as extensions to quantum entangled and multi-photon states, is expected in the future. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cell proliferation

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X-Ray machine control with wireless based on mA parameters

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第1期1088卷

作者： Nur Hudha Wijaya Anton Yudhana Robiyansah Djoko Sukwono Medical Electronics Technology Department Vocational Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Indonesia Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta Indonesia

An x-ray machine is a medical device that is used as a diagnostic tool for patients. The conventional x-ray machine consists of a control system, high voltage and tube x-ray machine. The control system on conventional x-ray machines uses too many cables so it looks less efficient. Control of the x-ray machine must be carried out in the same room as the equipment so that it can endanger the radiographer when it will be operated, because the radiographer will be continuously exposed to radiation. Therefore, an x-ray machine control system is designed that is safe for radiographers when operated and efficient in the use of cables. This research method uses the Arduino application to change the conventional control system to wireless, with the aim of providing the radiographer's safety because he operates the device from a separate room and does not face the x-ray machine directly. Current selection uses several contactors at each different current. The contactor is controlled by a microcontroller connected by a series of drivers. The process of selecting voltage, current and time is carried out on a Personal Computer (PC) connected to the controller via Bluetooth. The test is done by measuring the output voltage of the filament transformer using an AVO meter, then comparing it with the voltage calculation results obtained from the x-ray machine tube specifications. Based on the tests that have been done, it is found that the correction value is small and does not deviate much, which is 0.01 V when selecting mA 50 and 0.09 V when selecting mA 60. The x-ray machine can be controlled wirelessly using a PC with a distance 6 meters in conditions blocked by a 9 cm thick wall.

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Depinning of the charge-density waves in Quasi-2D 1T-TaS2 devices operating at room temperature

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Mohammadzadeh, A. Rehman, A. Kargar, F. Rumyantsev, S. Smulko, J.M. Knap, W. Lake, R.K. Balandin, Alexander A. Nano-Device Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Bourns College of Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States CENTERA Laboratories Institute of High-Pressure Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw01-142 Poland Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials Center Materials Science and Engineering Program Bourns College of Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics Gdańsk University of Technology Gdańsk80-233 Poland Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw02-822 Poland Laboratoire Charles Coulomb University of Montpellier and CNRS Montpellier34950 France Laboratory for Terascale and Terahertz Electronics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

We report on depinning of nearly-commensurate charge-density waves in 1T-TaS2 thin-films at room temperature. A combination of the differential current-voltage measurements with the low-frequency noise spectroscopy provide unambiguous means for detecting the depinning threshold field in quasi-2D materials. The depinning process in 1T-TaS2 is not accompanied by an observable abrupt increase in electric current – in striking contrast to depinning in the conventional charge-density-wave materials with quasi-1D crystal structure. We explained it by the fact that the current density from the charge-density waves in the 1T-TaS2 devices is orders of magnitude smaller than the current density of the free carriers available in the discommensuration network surrounding the commensurate charge-density-wave islands. The depinning fields in 1T-TaS2 thin-film devices are several orders of magnitude larger than those in quasi-1D van der Waals materials. Obtained results are important for the proposed applications of the charge-density-wave devices in electronics. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Cover Feature: Unveiling the Potential of Silicon-Air Batteries for Low-Power Transient electronics: Electrochemical Insights and Practical Application (Batteries & Supercaps 5/2024)

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Batteries & Supercaps 2024年第5期7卷

作者： Saul Said Montiel Guerrero Yasin Emre Durmus Hermann Tempel Christian Roth Hans Kungl Stefan van Waasen Yair Ein-Eli Rüdiger-A. Eichel Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52428 Jülich Germany University of Duisburg-Essen Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology 47057 Duisburg Germany Central Institute of Engineering Electronics and Analytics – Electronic Systems (ZEA-2) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52428 Jülich Germany Grand Technion Energy Program Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel Institut für Materialien und Prozesse für elektrochemische Energiespeicher- und wandler RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany

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Ultra-Efficient Resistance Switching between Charge Ordered Phases in 1T-TaS2 with a Single Picosecond Electrical Pulse

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Venturini, Rok Mraz, Anže Vaskivskyi, Igor Vaskivskyi, Yevhenii Svetin, Damjan Mertelj, Tomaž Pavlovič, Leon Cheng, Jing Chen, Genyu Amarasinghe, Priyanthi Qadri, Syed B. Trivedi, Sudhir B. Sobolewski, Roman Mihailovic, Dragan Jožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 LjubljanaSI-1000 Slovenia Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Jadranska 19 LjubljanaSI-1000 Slovenia Faculty for Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Tržaška 25 LjubljanaSI-1000 Slovenia CENN Nanocenter Jamova 39 LjubljanaSI-1000 Slovenia ELEP Electronics LjubljanaSI-1000 Slovenia Materials Science Program Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester New York14627 United States Brimrose Technology Corporation SparksMD21152 United States U.S. Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDC United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester New York14627 United States

Progress in high-performance computing demands significant advances in memory technology. Among novel memory technologies that promise efficient device operation on a sub-ns timescale, resistance switching between charge ordered phases of 1T-TaS2 has shown to be potentially useful for development of high-speed, energy efficient non-volatile memory devices. Measurement of the electrical operation of such devices in the picosecond regime is technically challenging and hitherto still largely unexplored. Here we use an optoelectronic "laboratory-on-a-chip" experiment for measurements of ultrafast memory switching, enabling accurate measurement of electrical switching parameters with 100 fs temporal resolution. Photoexcitation and electro-optic sampling on a (Cd,Mn)Te substrate are used to generate and, subsequently, measure electrical pulse propagation, with intra-band excitation and sub-gap probing, respectively. We demonstrate high contrast non-volatile resistance switching from high to low resistance states of a 1T-TaS2 device using single sub-2ps electrical pulses. Using detailed modeling we find that the switching energy density per unit area is exceptionally small, EA = 9.4 fJ/µm2. The speed and energy efficiency of an electronic "write" process, place the 1T-TaS2 devices into a category of their own among new generation non-volatile memory devices. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Switching

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Air-liquid microfluidics-integrated surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for selective molecular adsorption and detection to achieve bacterial discrimination

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Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2025年 285卷 117576页

作者： Ku, Chi-Yao Chiang, Yu-Wei Hsu, Huai-Yuan Cheng, Ho-Wen Chen, Ko-Lun Han, Yin-Yi Wang, Juen-Kai Wang, Yuh-Lin Huang, Nien-Tsu Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei100229 Taiwan Department of Trauma National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei100229 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Center for Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Bacterial discrimination is crucial for accurate microbiological diagnosis and timely antibiotic treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ideal technique due to its non-invasive, label-free molecular sensing capabilities. By analyzing bacterial supernatants, containing various purine derivatives, SERS can differentiate bacterial species based on their unique spectral distributions. However, the same bacterial species with different antibiotic resistance may secrete similar purine derivatives, differing only slightly in composition. Furthermore, each purine derivative may have a different molecular affinity to the SERS substrate, making it difficult to distinguish the exact molecular ratio. To improve SERS-based bacterial discrimination, we propose an air-liquid microfluidics-integrated SERS system (ALM-SERS) that selectively adsorbs and detects bacterial secretions. By taking features of precise microdroplet manipulation and contact area from microfluidics and features of selective molecular adsorption and fingerprints characterization from the SERS technique, we successfully perform a "sequential molecular adsorption" strategy to address the signal interference of complicated molecular mixtures in existing SERS methods. As a proof of concept, we first evaluate the molecular affinity of purine derivatives and then demonstrate the competitive analyte adsorption using adenine/cytosine and hypoxanthine/uracil sample mixtures. Finally, we tested six bacterial supernatants, including two Gram types and four strains with identical taxonomy but differing antibiotic resistance. Another six clinically isolated bacterial samples with different antibiotic resistance were also applied. Our results showed that a successful bacterial discrimination between similar species was not possible using a single SERS spectrum. In summary, the ALM-SERS system offers a powerful approach for bacterial discrimination, even when spectral differences are subtle. Beyond microb

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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Roadmap on Nonlocality in Photonic Materials and Metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Monticone, Francesco Mortensen, N. Asger Fernández-Domínguez, Antonio I. Luo, Yu Tserkezis, Christos Khurgin, Jacob B. Shahbazyan, Tigran V. Chaves, André J. Peres, Nuno M.R. Wegner, Gino Busch, Kurt Hu, Huatian della Sala, Fabio Zhang, Pu Ciracì, Cristian Aizpurua, Javier Babaze, Antton Borisov, Andrei G. Chen, Xue-Wen Christensen, Thomas Yan, Wei Yang, Yi Hohenester, Ulrich Huber, Lorenz Wubs, Martijn de Liberato, Simone Gonçalves, P.A.D. de Abajo, F. Javier García Hess, Ortwin Tarasenko, Illya Cox, Joel D. Jelver, Line Dias, Eduardo J.C. Sánchez, Miguel Sánchez Margetis, Dionisios Gómez-Santos, Guillermo Stauber, Tobias Tretyakov, Sergei Simovski, Constantin Pakniyat, Samaneh Gómez-Díaz, J. Sebastián Bondarev, Igor V. Biehs, Svend-Age Boltasseva, Alexandra Shalaev, Vladimir M. Krasavin, Alexey V. Zayats, Anatoly V. Alù, Andrea Song, Jung-Hwan Brongersma, Mark L. Levy, Uriel Long, Olivia Y. Guo, Cheng Fan, Shanhui Bozhevolnyi, Sergey I. Overvig, Adam Prudêncio, Filipa R. Silveirinha, Mário G. Gangaraj, S. Ali Hassani Argyropoulos, Christos Huidobro, Paloma A. Galiffi, Emanuele Yang, Fan Pendry, John B. Miller, David A.B. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States POLIMA Center for Polariton-driven Light–Matter Interactions University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark D-IAS—Danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE-28049 Spain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE-28049 Spain School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics Ministry of Education College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing211106 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States Department of Physics Aeronautics Institute of Technology SP So Jos dos Campos12228-900 Brazil Departamento de Física Universidade do Minho BragaP-4710-057 Portugal Av Mestre José Veiga Braga4715-330 Portugal Max-Born-Institut Berlin12489 Germany Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für Physik AG Theoretische Optik and Photonik Berlin12489 Germany Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Barsanti 14 Arnesano73010 Italy Via Monteroni Campus Unisalento Lecce73100 Italy School of physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Luoyu Road 1037 Wuhan430074 China Donostia International Physics Center DIPC Donostia-San Sebastián20018 Spain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao48009 Spain Department of Electricity and Electronics University of the Basque Country Leioa48940 Spain Department of Applied Physics University of the Basque Country Donostia20018 Spain Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut des Scienc

Photonic technologies continue to drive the quest for new optical materials with unprecedented responses. A major frontier in this field is the exploration of nonlocal (spatially dispersive) materials, going beyond the local, wavevector-independent assumption traditionally made in optical material modeling. On one end, the growing interest in plasmonic, polaritonic and quantum materials has revealed naturally occurring nonlocalities, emphasizing the need for more accurate models to predict and design their optical responses. This has major implications also for topological, nonreciprocal, and time-varying systems based on these material platforms. Beyond natural materials, artificially structured materials—metamaterials and metasurfaces–can provide even stronger and engineered nonlocal effects, emerging from long-range interactions or multipolar effects. This is a rapidly expanding area in the field of photonic metamaterials, with open frontiers yet to be explored. In the case of metasurfaces, in particular, nonlocality engineering has become a powerful tool for designing strongly wavevector-dependent responses, enabling enhanced wavefront control, spatial compression, multifunctional devices, and wave-based computing. Furthermore, nonlocality and related concepts play a critical role in defining the ultimate limits of what is possible in optics, photonics, and wave physics. This Roadmap aims to survey the most exciting developments in nonlocal photonic materials, highlight new opportunities and open challenges, and chart new pathways that will drive this emerging field forward–toward new scientific discoveries and technological advancements. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocrystals

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