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AES-Based Steganography Using Blockchain: A Novel Approach for Secure Text Hiding in Encrypted Images

Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第21期48卷 67-78页

作者： Salim, Batool Arif Aljabery, Maalim A. Younis, Hameed Abdulkareem Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Computer Science Dept. University of Basrah Basrah Iraq

Steganography is a technique used to hide data within other data, emerging from the realization that information is valuable and must be concealed. By considering the potential of blockchain technology, which produces and stores data in an immutable chain, it is clear that steganography can be effectively applied alongside blockchain to hide information. This approach eliminates the need for traditional hiding methods. In this study, we aim to hide text messages within encrypted images using a new steganography-based blockchain, making them appear as ordinary encrypted images. The AES algorithm in CBC mode was used to encrypt both images and texts. Each image was split into 32-byte blocks, with a special block allocated for text, allowing for a text size of 32 characters. The robustness of the proposed technique against differential attacks was assessed using unified averaged changed intensity (UACI), number of pixels change rate (NPCR), entropy analysis, and correlation analysis. The outcomes are 99.6221% for NPCR, 33.5886 for UACI, and 7.9992 for the entropy value. Both statistical measures and differential metrics confirm the algorithm's effectiveness. This shows that the proposed encryption method generates random images and secure texts that are resistant to differential attacks and offer a prominent level of security. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： AES algorithm blockchain CBC mode correlation analysis entropy analysis NPCR secure texts steganography UACI

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A Review Of Text Mining Techniques: Trends, and Applications In Various Domains

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

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Iraqi Journal for computer science and Mathematics 2024年第1期5卷 125-141页

作者： Aleqabie, Hiba J. Sfoq, Mais Saad Albeer, Rand Abdulwahid Abd, Enaam Hadi Computer Science Department Collage of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Kerbala Karbala Iraq Information Technology Department Collage of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Kerbala. Karbala Iraq

Text mining, a subfield of natural language processing (NLP), has received considerable attention in recent years due to its ability to extract valuable insights from large volumes of unstructured textual data. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the applicability of text mining techniques across various domains and industries. The review starts off with a dialogue of the basic ideas and methodologies that are concerned with textual content mining together with preprocessing, feature extraction, and machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, this survey highlights the challenges faced at some stage in implementing textual content mining strategies. Additionally, the review explores emerging tendencies and possibilities in text-mining research. It discusses advancements in deep learning models for text evaluation, integration with different AI technologies like image or speech recognition for multimodal analysis, utilization of domain-unique ontologies or information graphs for more desirable information of textual facts, and incorporation of explainable AI strategies to improve interpretability. The findings from this overview are analyzed to identify common developments and patterns in text mining packages across extraordinary domain *** consequences of this paper will advantage researchers by means of imparting updated expertise of modern practices in textual content mining. Additionally, it will manual practitioners in selecting suitable strategies for their unique application domain names while addressing capacity-demanding situations. © 2024 College of Education, Al-Iraqia University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Adaptable and Dynamic Access Control Decision-Enforcement Approach Based on Multilayer Hybrid Deep Learning Techniques in BYOD Environment

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4663-4686页

作者： Aljuaid Turkea Ayedh M Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab Mohd Yamani Idna Idris Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Shaqra UniversityShaqra11961Saudi Arabia Center for Mobile Cloud Computing Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

Organizations are adopting the Bring Your Own Device(BYOD)concept to enhance productivity and reduce ***,this trend introduces security challenges,such as unauthorized *** access control systems,such as Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)and Role-Based Access Control(RBAC),are limited in their ability to enforce access decisions due to the variability and dynamism of attributes related to users and *** paper proposes a method for enforcing access decisions that is adaptable and dynamic,based on multilayer hybrid deep learning techniques,particularly the Tabular Deep Neural Network Tabular DNN *** technique transforms all input attributes in an access request into a binary classification(allow or deny)using multiple layers,ensuring accurate and efficient access *** proposed solution was evaluated using the Kaggle Amazon access control policy dataset and demonstrated its effectiveness by achieving a 94%accuracy ***,the proposed solution enhances the implementation of access decisions based on a variety of resource and user attributes while ensuring privacy through indirect communication with the Policy Administration Point(PAP).This solution significantly improves the flexibility of access control systems,making themmore dynamic and adaptable to the evolving needs ofmodern ***,it offers a scalable approach to manage the complexities associated with the BYOD environment,providing a robust framework for secure and efficient access management.

关键词： BYOD security access control access control decision-enforcement deep learning neural network techniques TabularDNN multilayer dynamic adaptable flexibility bottlenecks performance policy conflict

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A Package Level Regression Test Selection Approach for Java Software Systems

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 87848-87861页

作者： Al-Refai, Mohammed Hammad, Mahmoud M. Jordan University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Computer Science Department Irbid22110 Jordan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Ajman United Arab Emirates Jordan University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Software Engineering Department Irbid22110 Jordan

Regression testing of software systems is an important and critical activity yet expensive and resource-intensive. An approach to enhance its efficiency is Regression Test Selection (RTS), which selectively re-executes a subset of relevant tests that are impacted by code modifications. Previous studies on static and dynamic RTS for Java software have shown that selecting tests at the class level is more effective than using finer granularities like methods or statements. Nevertheless, RTS at the package level, which is a coarser granularity than class level, has not been thoroughly investigated or evaluated for Java projects. To address this gap, we propose PKRTS, a static package-level RTS approach that utilizes the structural dependencies of the software system under test to construct a package-level dependency graph. PKRTS analyzes dependencies in the graph and identifies relevant tests that can reach modified packages, i.e., packages containing altered classes. In contrast to conventional static RTS techniques, PKRTS implicitly considers dynamic dependencies, such as Java reflection and virtual method calls, among classes belonging to the same package by treating all those classes as a single cohesive node in the dependency graph. We evaluated PKRTS on 885 revisions of 9 open-source Java projects, with its performance compared to Ekstazi, a state-of-the-art dynamic class-level approach, and STARTS, a state-of-the-art static class-level approach. We used Ekstazi as the baseline to measure the safety and precision violations of PKRTS and STARTS. The results indicated that PKRTS outperformed static class-level RTS in terms of safety violation, which measures the extent to which relevant test cases are missed. PKRTS showed an average safety violation of 2.29% compared to 5.94% safety violation of STARTS. Despite this, PKRTS demonstrated lower precision violation and lower reduction in test suite size than class-level RTS, as it selects higher number of irrelevant te

关键词： Java programming language

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Segmentation and Classification of Skin Cancer Diseases Based on Deep Learning: Challenges and Future Directions

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 90163-90184页

作者： Khalaf, Abdulrahman Dira Hamdan, Hazlina Abdul Halin, Alfian Manshor, Noridayu Serdang Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer Science Selangor 43400 Malaysia University of Fallujah Al-Fallujah Department of Computer Centre Anbar31002 Iraq Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Multimedia Serdang43400 Malaysia

Deep Learning (DL) techniques have significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy in healthcare, particularly for detecting and classifying skin cancer. Such technological advancements will assist healthcare professionals in delivering more accurate, efficient, and timely diagnoses, ultimately improving patient outcomes and facilitating early detection and treatment. Medical imaging technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are critical for diagnosing dermatological conditions. However, interpreting these images can be challenging due to overlapping structures and varying image quality. This study explores the application of DL in skin cancer diagnosis, focusing on advances in image segmentation and classification. DL-based models are reviewed specifically by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and evaluations on their effectiveness for skin lesion detection are provided. This study also examines the critical challenges of deploying DL models in clinical practice, covering issues including dataset diversity, model interpretability, and real-world implementation feasibility. It further explores the selection of network architectures and data preprocessing techniques, emphasizing their influence on model performance. In summary, this study identifies research gaps and suggests future directions for enhancing DL models for dermatological applications. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Optimizing Performance in Wireless Sensor Networks through a Multi-Objective Rendezvous Points Selection Algorithm

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2024年第18期18卷 167-183页

作者： Samara, Ghassan Alzyoud, Wafaa Aljaidi, Mohammad Alazaidah, Raed Qasem, Mais Haj Al Daoud, Essam Faculty of Information Technology Computer Science Department Zarqa University Zarqa Jordan

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a vital role in modern research and applications due to their potential to gather data from various environments. Because sensor nodes (SNs) within WSNs have limited battery life, those in close proximity to the sink often experience rapid power depletion, leading to the emergence of hotspot issues. To address this, the concept of a mobile sink (MS) has emerged as a potential solution, effectively mitigating power usage in SNs and thereby extending the network’s overall lifespan. Furthermore, many sensor-based applications necessitate specific data collection timeframes, underscoring the necessity of effective strategies. Leveraging rendezvous points (RPs) to enhance network efficiency becomes imperative in enabling the MS to efficiently collect data from all SNs within designated time periods. A sophisticated cost function is employed to strategically determine RPs, considering multiple factors that influence the efficacy of each RP. This process culminates in the selection of RPs, optimizing for the longest path with minimal delays. Through the proposed hybrid mobile vehicle (HMV) method, compared against the prevailing MOOVor method, significant enhancements are observed in terms of sensor coverage and reduced hop count within the network. © 2024 by the authors of this article.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Metaheuristic task offloading approaches for minimization of energy consumption on edge computing: a systematic review

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Discover Internet of Things 2024年第1期4卷 1-30页

作者： Latip, Rohaya Aminu, Jafar Hanafi, Zurina Mohd Kamarudin, Shafinah Gabi, Danlami Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra Serdang Malaysia Department of Computer Science Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aleiro Aleiro Nigeria

A systematic review of metaheuristic Algorithms for energy-efficient task offloading in edge computing is provided. The Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is explored as a promising approach for reducing energy consumption. Future research focuses on hybrid metaheuristic algorithms, machine learning integration, and real-time task offloading © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Gender and age-evolution detection based on audio forensic analysis using light deep neural network

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International Journal of Speech technology 2023年第4期26卷 1091-1098页

作者： AL-Shakarchy, Noor D. Rageb, Huda Safoq, Mais Saad Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Kerbala University Kerbala Iraq

Forensic audio analysis is a foundation stone of many crime investigations. In forensic evidence;the audio file of the human voice is analyzed to extract much information in addition to the content of the speech, such as the speaker’s identity, emotions, gender, origin, etc. The accurate determination of individuals into groups based on their age development stage and their gender are often used as early investigations to differentiate them and determine the legal rights and responsibilities associated with them. This work introduces a light CNN model with a new architecture to detect the human age-evolution being’s stage (kids or adults) at the same time the gender of the adult one (male or female) based on the individual’s voice characteristics, which offers a balance between computational efficiency and model accuracy. The temporal information in the audio file is prepared by scaled and normalized. Then this information is exploited to extract and track the unique and salient audio features that make up the pattern of the feature map for each target class through some convolutional layers followed by maxpooling layers. Finally, The decision is made based on these feature maps by some fully connected layers. Successful and promising results are accomplished in terms of accuracy and loss functions which realize 0.99 and 0.017 respectively over the riched Voxceleb2 dataset. The proposed model underscores the importance of leveraging Light DNNs for gender and age-evolution detection, offering a robust and ethically sound solution for real-world applications in the field of audio forensics such as span speaker identification, victim profiling, deception detection, and more, contributing to the advancement of audio forensic analysis. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Computational efficiency

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Drug-Target Interactions Prediction Based on Signed Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 231-244页

作者： Ming CHEN Yajian JIANG Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN Chunyan JI Wei JIANG College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Computer Science Department BNU-HKBU United International College

Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.

关键词： Drug-target interactions Signed heterogeneous network Link sign prediction Graph neural networks

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Cloud Computing Security: Assured Deletion

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第3期48卷 485-496页

作者： Ahmed, Sarmad Mahmood Mahmood, Baban Ahmed Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology Kirkuk University Kirkuk Iraq

With the advent of cloud computing, many organizations, institutions, and individuals have chosen to store their data in the cloud as a way to compensate for limited local storage capabilities and reduce expenses. However, the process of uploading data to the cloud results in relinquishing control over it, leaving the data owner unaware of the details of its storage and location. Hence, ensuring data confidentiality and integrity has emerged as a critical concern, especially with regard to cloud employees and other potential attacks. A significant amount of investigation has been conducted on the security aspects of cloud computing, with a particular focus on permanent removals. Hence This study investigates the deployment of deletion assurance in cloud computing on two separate cloud platforms, employing strategies such as cryptographic key partitioning, cryptographic-based random writing, and link deletion within confirmed deletion scenarios. The characteristics of this approach include security safeguards like asymmetric encryption (specifically Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)) and multiple hashing algorithms like hash 256 are used to fortify the security and confidentiality of data stored in the public cloud and the secrecy of files kept in the cloud is unaffected by invasions from the outside or from within an encrypted file prevents a threat from reading it and the owner may easily encrypt each file with a fresh key by managing and storing the keys using the key management center also authorized users are able to request this key thanks to secure access enforcement and In the event of assure deletion, the file is overwritten with random encryption and uploaded to the cloud, updating all copies while deleting all links and keys from the key management. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cloud platforms

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