Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairne...
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Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)has already proven to be an effective multiple access scheme for5th Generation(5G)wireless *** provides improved performance in terms of system throughput,spectral efficiency,fairness,and energy efficiency(EE).However,in conventional NOMA networks,performance degradation still exists because of the stochastic behavior of wireless *** combat this challenge,the concept of Intelligent Reflecting Surface(IRS)has risen to prominence as a low-cost intelligent solution for Beyond 5G(B5G)*** this paper,a modeling primer based on the integration of these two cutting-edge technologies,i.e.,IRS and NOMA,for B5G wireless networks is *** in-depth comparative analysis of IRS-assisted Power Domain(PD)-NOMA networks is provided through 3-fold ***,a primer is presented on the system architecture of IRS-enabled multiple-configuration PD-NOMA systems,and parallels are drawn with conventional network configurations,i.e.,conventional NOMA,Orthogonal Multiple Access(OMA),and IRS-assisted OMA *** by this,a comparative analysis of these network configurations is showcased in terms of significant performance metrics,namely,individual users'achievable rate,sum rate,ergodic rate,EE,and outage ***,for multi-antenna IRS-enabled NOMA networks,we exploit the active Beamforming(BF)technique by employing a greedy algorithm using a state-of-the-art branch-reduceand-bound(BRB)*** optimality of the BRB algorithm is presented by comparing it with benchmark BF techniques,i.e.,minimum-mean-square-error,zero-forcing-BF,and ***,we present an outlook on future envisioned NOMA networks,aided by IRSs,i.e.,with a variety of potential applications for 6G wireless *** work presents a generic performance assessment toolkit for wireless networks,focusing on IRS-assisted NOMA *** comparative analysis provides a solid foundation for the dev
Long-term care refers to any support, both medical and non-medical, provided to the elderly with a chronic illness or disability due to physical or mental conditions. Since the cost of long-term care insurance is not ...
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In the era of the Internet of Things(IoT),the proliferation of connected devices has raised security concerns,increasing the risk of intrusions into diverse *** the convenience and efficiency offered by IoT technology...
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In the era of the Internet of Things(IoT),the proliferation of connected devices has raised security concerns,increasing the risk of intrusions into diverse *** the convenience and efficiency offered by IoT technology,the growing number of IoT devices escalates the likelihood of attacks,emphasizing the need for robust security tools to automatically detect and explain *** paper introduces a deep learning methodology for detecting and classifying distributed denial of service(DDoS)attacks,addressing a significant security concern within IoT *** effective procedure of deep transfer learning is applied to utilize deep learning backbones,which is then evaluated on two benchmarking datasets of DDoS attacks in terms of accuracy and time *** leveraging several deep architectures,the study conducts thorough binary and multiclass experiments,each varying in the complexity of classifying attack types and demonstrating real-world ***,this study employs an explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)AI technique to elucidate the contribution of extracted features in the process of attack *** experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method,achieving a recall of 99.39%by the XAI bidirectional long short-term memory(XAI-BiLSTM)model.
Monkeypox, a rare but potentially fatal viral disease, poses a significant public health challenge due to its potential for outbreaks and complications. Detecting monkeypox lesions early and accurately is vital to eff...
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Ciphertext Policy-Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is a secure one-to-many asymmetric encryption schemes where access control of a shared resource is defined in terms of a set of attributes possessed by a user. Key...
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This paper presents a large gathering dataset of images extracted from publicly filmed videos by 24 cameras installed on the premises of Masjid Al-Nabvi,Madinah,Saudi *** dataset consists of raw and processed images r...
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This paper presents a large gathering dataset of images extracted from publicly filmed videos by 24 cameras installed on the premises of Masjid Al-Nabvi,Madinah,Saudi *** dataset consists of raw and processed images reflecting a highly challenging and unconstraint *** methodology for building the dataset consists of four core phases;that include acquisition of videos,extraction of frames,localization of face regions,and cropping and resizing of detected face *** raw images in the dataset consist of a total of 4613 frames obtained fromvideo *** processed images in the dataset consist of the face regions of 250 persons extracted from raw data images to ensure the authenticity of the presented *** dataset further consists of 8 images corresponding to each of the 250 subjects(persons)for a total of 2000 *** portrays a highly unconstrained and challenging environment with human faces of varying sizes and pixel quality(resolution).Since the face regions in video sequences are severely degraded due to various unavoidable factors,it can be used as a benchmark to test and evaluate face detection and recognition algorithms for research *** have also gathered and displayed records of the presence of subjects who appear in presented frames;in a temporal *** can also be used as a temporal benchmark for tracking,finding persons,activity monitoring,and crowd counting in large crowd scenarios.
Handwriting is a unique and significant human feature that distinguishes them from one *** are many researchers have endeavored to develop writing recognition systems utilizing specific signatures or symbols for perso...
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Handwriting is a unique and significant human feature that distinguishes them from one *** are many researchers have endeavored to develop writing recognition systems utilizing specific signatures or symbols for person identification through ***,such systems are susceptible to forgery,posing security *** response to these challenges,we propose an innovative hybrid technique for individual identification based on independent handwriting,eliminating the reliance on specific signatures or *** response to these challenges,we propose an innovative hybrid technique for individual identification based on independent handwriting,eliminating the reliance on specific signatures or *** innovative method is intricately designed,encompassing five distinct phases:data collection,preprocessing,feature extraction,significant feature selection,and *** key advancement lies in the creation of a novel dataset specifically tailored for Bengali handwriting(BHW),setting the foundation for our comprehensive ***-preprocessing,we embarked on an exhaustive feature extraction process,encompassing integration with kinematic,statistical,spatial,and composite *** meticulous amalgamation resulted in a robust set of 91 *** enhance the efficiency of our system,we employed an analysis of variance(ANOVA)F test and mutual information scores approach,meticulously selecting the most pertinent *** the identification phase,we harnessed the power of cutting-edge deep learning models,notably the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM).These models underwent rigorous training and testing to accurately discern individuals based on their handwriting ***,our methodology introduces a groundbreaking hybrid model that synergizes CNN and BiLSTM,capitalizing on fine motor features for enhanced individual ***,our experimental results unde
The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has created a pressing need for efficient charging infrastructure. but challenges such as inconsistent demand and poor placement remain. An effective distribution of suffi...
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Background: A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of self-organizing mobile nodes creating an ad hoc network without fixed infrastructure. Routing is a major issue in mobile networks that may reduce network ...
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The right partner and high innovation speed are crucial for a successful research and development (R&D) alliance in the high-tech industry. Does homogeneity or heterogeneity between partners benefit innovation spe...
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