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Path Generative Model Based on Conditional β-Variational Auto Encoder for Four-Bar Mechanism design

Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics 2025年第6期17卷 061004页

作者： Nurizada, Anar Lyu, Zhijie Purwar, Anurag Computer-Aided Design and Innovation Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States Stony Brook University Computer-Aided Design and Innovation Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States

This article introduces a novel methodology based on conditional β-variational autoencoder (cβ-VAE) architecture to generate diverse types of planar four-bar mechanisms for a given coupler curve. Central to our contribution is the novel integration of cross- and self-attention layers within the VAE framework, facilitating an encoding and decoding process that captures the complex interdependencies of mechanism parameters and associated coupler curves. We propose a unified representation scheme for four-bar mechanisms with both revolute and prismatic joints, utilizing a consistent set of joints to describe each mechanism type. To support and validate our methodology, we have compiled an extensive dataset featuring both open and closed coupler curves of the aforementioned mechanism types. Furthermore, the article introduces three metrics aimed at quantifying the efficacy of our model, alongside an innovative algorithm designed to enhance the predictive outcomes by identifying and computing cognate mechanisms. Copyright © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： Machine design

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Effects of the number of strokes, components and usage frequency on the legibility of Chinese characters for optical head-mounted display

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Behaviour and Information Technology 2024年第4期43卷 749-763页

作者： Hsiao, Chih-Yu Chang, Chien-Chi Liu, Chun-Ju Liu, Kang-Hung Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Computer-Aided Industrial Design Overseas Chinese University Taichung Taiwan

This study investigates the visual angle threshold value for the recognition of Chinese characters displayed on the optical head-mounted display. As optical head-mounted displays are becoming increasingly popular in various fields, character legibility has become an important topic for research. In this study, a legibility test was conducted by randomly displaying characters on the optical head-mounted display. The characteristics that were tested included the number of strokes, components and usage frequency rankings. The visual angle threshold value of each character was recorded and analysed. The results indicate that Chinese characters with more strokes, more components and lower usage frequency have a larger visual angle threshold value than characters with fewer strokes, fewer components and higher frequency. The number of strokes and usage frequency rankings were inputted into a regression model to predict the visual angle threshold value for character recognition (R 2 = 0.72;Adj-R2 = 0.71). The regression analyses revealed that the foregoing inputs increased the visual angle threshold value. These findings provide a practical reference for the display of Chinese characters on optical head-mounted displays. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Static Timing Analysis Method for Reconfigurable SoC with Various Types of Routing Resources

Static Timing Analysis Method for Reconfigurable SoC with Va...

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2023 Seminar on Electrical engineering, Automation and Control Systems: Theory and Practical Applications, EEACS 2023

作者： Khvatov, Vasilii M. Computer Aided Design Department Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358537

Reconfigurable systems on a chip (RSoC) routing tree architecture consists of both digital elements and MOS switches. To evaluate the performance of routed integrated circuits (ICs), a netlist and a library of characterized elements is required. However, the MOS switch is an analog element and models for describing the time parameters of digital cells, including the non-linear delay model, cannot be applied to it. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method for estimating the ICs performance based on the use of the connections equivalent electrical capacity and proposed formulas for calculating time parameters. The formulas were obtained as a result of researching the dependence of circuit timing characteristics on three parameters: the number of pass switches in the net, the load capacitance and the parameters of transistors at the output stage of the routing element. The approach allows to calculate the output signal parameters for various types of RSoC routing elements, including pass transistors, without critical losing of accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Analysis of Graphic Images to Expand Descriptions of Physical Effects

Analysis of Graphic Images to Expand Descriptions of Physica...

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2024 International Russian Smart Industry Conference, SmartIndustryCon 2024

作者： Fomenkov, Sergey Korobkin, Dmitriy Bobunov, Artyom Volgograd State Technical University Department of Computer-Aided Design and Search Engineering Systems Volgograd Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395044

Often, the description of the physical effect in the 'primary' sources of information (patent documents, journal articles of a physical profile, dissertations in physics) contains graphs of dependencies linking the physical quantities of the input and output impacts of the physical effect (PhE). The analysis of this information and its use to expand the description of the physical effect is an urgent task. A modification of the model for describing the physical effect was carried out, taking into account the graphical representation of the functional dependence of the physical quantities of the PhE. CNN, LSTM, Visual Transformer (ViT) neural networks and machine learning methods of Naive Bayes, SVM have been tested in relation to classification and recognition tasks on images of dependency graphs. A comparative analysis of the approaches (accuracy of definition, complexity of data preparation, fault tolerance, equipment requirements) was carried out using criteria of precision, recall, F-measure, AUC-ROC. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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The Analysis of Images of Mathematical and Chemical Formulas from Patent Documents

The Analysis of Images of Mathematical and Chemical Formulas...

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2024 International Russian Smart Industry Conference, SmartIndustryCon 2024

作者： Korobkin, Dmitriy Shcherbinin, Viktor Fomenkov, Sergey Volgograd State Technical University Department of Computer-Aided Design and Search Engineering Systems Volgograd Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395044

Currently, patent documents contain graphic images of device drawings, graphs, chemical and mathematical formulas, and the formulas often need to be recognized and brought to a unified standard. This work analyzes graphic images extracted from the descriptions of FIPS Rospatent patents. Thematic filtering of mathematical and chemical formulas contained in patent documents and their recognition is provided. The theoretical value lies in the developed patent parsing algorithms in the *** system;recognition of chemical and mathematical formulas among graphic patent images;converting graphic images of chemical formulas into SMILES format;converting graphic images of mathematical formulas into LaTeX format. The practical significance of the work lies in the developed software module for analyzing graphic images from patent documents. The scope of the developed module is the study of patents and the reduction of graphic images to a unified standard for solving patent examine problems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image analysis

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Model of fractured medium and nondestructive control of composite materials

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 93-99页

作者： Vasily GOLUBEV Ilia NIKITIN Katerina BEKLEMYSHEVA Department of Computers Science and Numerical Mathematics Moscow Institute of Physics and TechnologyDolgoprudny 141700Russia Mathematical Modeling and Management Department of InformatizationInstitute of Computer Aided Design RASMoscow 123056Russia

Non-destructive testing of composites is an important issue in the modern aircraft *** are susceptible to the barely visible impact damage which can affect the residual strength of the material and occurs both during production and *** continuum model for describing the damaged zone is *** slip theory relations used for a continuous distribution of slip planes are *** the initial stage,the isotropic background model is *** model allows the material slippage along the fractures based on the Coulomb friction law with the small viscous *** this regime,the govern system of equations becomes *** overcome this difficulty,the explicit-implicit grid-characteristic scheme is *** standard ultrasound diagnostic procedure of damaged composite materials is successfully *** with the trivial free-surface fracture model,different reactions on the compression and stretch waves are *** approach provided an effective way for the simulation of complex dynamic behavior of damage zones.

关键词： Non-destructive testing Composite materials Numerical modeling Continuum model Grid-characteristic method

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User-centered empathy design: a prototype of school-age children learning aids system

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第11期14卷 14567-14575页

作者： Yu, Hung-Chang Chou, C.-J. Luh, Ding-Bang Hsieh, Ming-Hsuan Department of Industrial Design National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Computer-Aided Industrial Design Overseas Chinese University Taichung Taiwan

School-age children receive external stimuli to understand the world and acquire various life skills through various learning behaviors. The process of children’s learning requires appropriate teaching methods, including children’s physical and mental status, special needs, and behavior, in order to provide learning aids, as appropriate, to help children acquire language, body movements, social skills, and other media, effectively take the user as the starting point to fit the needs of users, and observe binding and participatory designs to become a new research direction. In view of the rapid development of science and technology, the main purpose of this study is to explore a learning aids system suitable for school-age children, including the attributes, results, and elements to help children learn smoothly. It is difficult to understand the behavior and psychology of school-age children from traditional research methods, thus, the best way is to understand them is through interactions. Empathic design, which is the current research direction of the design and Research Center, focuses on how designers propose design solutions based on the feelings experience, creativity, and understanding of users. This study is carried out according to the empathic design model, where the main procedure is Participant Observation to describe the behavioral phenomenon of school-age children, and Laddering interviews are applied to obtain qualitative data, conduct implication matrix analysis, and create a Streamlined Hierarchical Value Map according to the design guidelines and other steps to help designers and school-age children use the learning aids system to obtain a consensus, including system hardware and software development reference. The main research contribution is to respond to the needs of children in all aspects of life, put forward excellent learning aids system design guidelines, and then, help the learning development of children. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germ

关键词： Software design

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Uncertainty-Aware DRL for Autonomous Vehicle Crowd Navigation in Shared Space

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年 1-15页

作者： Golchoubian, Mahsa Ghafurian, Moojan Dautenhahn, Kerstin Azad, Nasser Lashgarian Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada

Safe, socially compliant, and efficient navigation of low-speed autonomous vehicles (AVs) in pedestrian-rich environments necessitates considering pedestrians' future positions and interactions with the vehicle and others. Despite the inevitable uncertainties associated with pedestrians' predicted trajectories due to their unobserved states (e.g., intent), existing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms for crowd navigation often neglect these uncertainties when using predicted trajectories to guide policy learning. This omission limits the usability of predictions when diverging from ground truth. This work introduces an integrated prediction and planning approach that incorporates the uncertainties of predicted pedestrian states in the training of a model-free DRL algorithm. A novel reward function encourages the AV to respect pedestrians' personal space, decrease speed during close approaches, and minimize the collision probability with their predicted paths. Unlike previous DRL methods, our model, designed for AV operation in crowded spaces, is trained in a novel simulation environment that reflects realistic pedestrian behaviour in a shared space with vehicles. Results show a 40% decrease in collision rate and a 15% increase in minimum distance to pedestrians compared to the state of the art model that does not account for prediction uncertainty. Additionally, the approach outperforms model predictive control methods that incorporate the same prediction uncertainties in terms of both performance and computational time, while producing trajectories closer to human drivers in similar scenarios. IEEE

关键词： Trajectories

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DETG: Dual encoding document level relation extraction based on tree graph 7

DETG: Dual encoding document level relation extraction based...

引用

7th International Conference on computer Information Science and Application Technology, CISAT 2024

作者： Li, Jiaxing Zhong, Zhaoqian Dalian University National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Computer Aided Design Dalian China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375107

In recent years, graph-based and sequence-based document-level relation extraction models have attracted much attention. However, when performing document-level relation extraction tasks, traditional graph-based models struggle to address the overfitting issue of graph convolutional networks when analyzing document information, and sequence-based models may not effectively capture all document features. To address the above problems, we propose a document level relation extraction model based on dendrogram with dual encoders. The model uses dual encoders to extract document features of various granularities to construct a dendrogram structure. Experimental results on the public dataset DocRED show that the performance of the proposed model is significantly improved compared to other models that solely rely on graph structure or sequence structure. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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3D Human Pose Estimation Using Two-Stream Architecture with Joint Training

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2023年第10期137卷 607-629页

作者： Jian Kang Wanshu Fan Yijing Li Rui Liu Dongsheng Zhou National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Computer Aided Design School of Software EngineeringDalian UniversityDalian116622China Dalian Maritime University Dalian116023China

With the advancement of image sensing technology, estimating 3Dhuman pose frommonocular video has becomea hot research topic in computer vision. 3D human pose estimation is an essential prerequisite for subsequentaction analysis and understanding. It empowers a wide spectrum of potential applications in various areas, suchas intelligent transportation, human-computer interaction, and medical rehabilitation. Currently, some methodsfor 3D human pose estimation in monocular video employ temporal convolutional network (TCN) to extractinter-frame feature relationships, but the majority of them suffer from insufficient inter-frame feature relationshipextractions. In this paper, we decompose the 3D joint location regression into the bone direction and length, wepropose the TCG, a temporal convolutional network incorporating Gaussian error linear units (GELU), to solvebone direction. It enablesmore inter-frame features to be captured andmakes the utmost of the feature relationshipsbetween data. Furthermore, we adopt kinematic structural information to solve bone length enhancing the use ofintra-frame joint features. Finally, we design a loss function for joint training of the bone direction estimationnetwork with the bone length estimation network. The proposed method has extensively experimented on thepublic benchmark dataset Human3.6M. Both quantitative and qualitative experimental results showed that theproposed method can achieve more accurate 3D human pose estimations.

关键词： 3D human pose improved TCN GELU kinematic structure

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