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2021 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting, ASABE 2021

作者： Chiumenti, Alessandro Owono, Bartolomè Owono Fait, Giulio Mainardis, Matia Goi, Daniele Stella, Elisa Da Borso, Francesco Department of Agricultural Food Animal and Environmental Sciences University of Udine DI4A via delle Scienze 206 Udine33100 Italy Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Dpia Via del Cotonificio 108 Udine33100 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781713833536

The development of intensive fish production is facing the challenge of the sustainable management of effluents. Aquaculture reproductive sectors (i.e., hatcheries) in most cases implement water recirculation systems (RAS), which discharge a portion of the produced wastewater. Anaerobic digestion (AD) process could mitigate the environmental impact of this waste stream while producing fuel in the form of biogas. The present research represents a further development of previous tests conducted in the framework of the AdriaAquaNet Interreg Project. The anaerobic digestion tests were conducted using a pilot scale Bioreactor simulator system (BRS, Bioprocess Control, Sweden). This apparatus can operate with semi-continuous loading, simulating a full-scale reactor in order to study the optimal process layout and the optimal substrate retention time. The system was initially loaded with an inoculum derived from anaerobically treated brackish aquaculture sludges and with digestate originated from a full-scale anaerobic reactor operating with animal manure and corn silage. The incubation period lasted 20 days, and from the 21st day, aquaculture sludges were loaded with organic loading rates (OLR) varying from 0.16 to 0.64 g VS/L day, with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) shortened from 30.0 days to 12.9 days. The tests were performed with salt concentration established at 35 g/L (high salinity conditions) and 12 g/L (original brackish water conditions). Specific methane productions were fairly good (278.9 - 300.3 NL/kg VS input), resulting higher in brackish conditions than in marine conditions, and in correspondence of retention times of about 20 -30 days. © ASABE 2021. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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Preparation and applications of the polymeric micelle by polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) 5

Preparation and applications of the polymeric micelle by pol...

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2022 5th International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation, IMA 2022

作者： Pei, Shen Tu, Daizheng Wan, Chenwei Yin, Juntong Yuan, Quan School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Anhui Agricultural University Hefei230036 China Department of Chemistry Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12183 United States Department of Chemistry University of California San Diego San Diego92122 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Davis Davis95616 United States School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200082 China

Polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA) has a high solid content, simple operating steps, and can generally achieve high conversion to monomers in a short time, which has been widely used in the preparation and adjusting to morphologies of polymer micelles self-assembly. In this article, the preparation and applications of the polymeric micelle synthesized by PISA were reviewed. The particle morphology can be adjusted by a variety of active polymerizations with different initiation mechanisms in the preparation of polymer micelles. Among them, free radical active polymerization is more practical. The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) were highlighted. Additionally, different shapes such as spheres, worms, and vesicles can be obtained by RAFT in the preparation of nano-objects fields. Researchers construct the phase diagram to get the pure phase for applications. As one form produced by PISA, polymeric micelles are usually artificial nanoreactors for a series of organic and inorganic catalysis and can be used as drug delivery and target agents. Due to the increase in the ultimate tensile strength, RAFT is an optimal technique to produce thermoplastic elastomers. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Self assembly

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The curved Mimetic Finite Difference method: allowing grids with curved faces

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pitassi, Silvano Ghiloni, Riccardo Petretti, Igor Trevisan, Francesco Specogna, Ruben University of Udine Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture EMCLab via delle scienze 206 Udine33100 Italy University of Trento Mathematics Department via Sommarive 14 Povo-Trento38123 Italy

We present a new mimetic finite difference method for diffusion problems that converges on grids with curved (i.e., non-planar) faces. Crucially, it gives a symmetric discrete problem that uses only one discrete unknown per curved face. The principle at the core of our construction is to abandon the standard definition of local consistency of mimetic finite difference methods. Instead, we exploit the novel and global concept of P0-consistency. Numerical examples confirm the consistency and the optimal convergence rate of the proposed mimetic method for cubic grids with randomly perturbed nodes as well as grids with curved boundaries. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Finite difference method

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Development of a BIM-based holonic system for real-time monitoring of building operational efficiency

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Frontiers of engineering Management 2020年第1期7卷 89-103页

作者： Alessandro CARBONARI Leonardo MESSI Berardo NATICCHIA Massimo VACCARINI Massimiliano PIRANI Department of Civil and Building Engineering and Architecture(DICEA) Polytechnic University of Marchevia Brecce Bianche n.12AnconaItaly Department of Information Engineering(DII) Polytechnic University of Marchevia Brecce Bianche n.12AnconaItaly

In the wide context of facility management,several processes,such as operations,maintenance,retrofitting,and renovations,ensure that buildings comply with the principles of efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and indoor *** from ordinary operation,facility management is responsible for the renovation of and long-term performance improvement of building *** such a scenario,the cyber–physical system(CPS)paradigm with holonic architecture,which is the focus of this study,can successfully guide the operation management and long-term refurbishment processes of *** to the manufacturing field,the developed CPS maximizes holons’self-configuration and self-organization and overall throughput effectiveness metrics to detect the best corrective actions toward system ***,suggestions and lessons learned from the evaluation of building efficiency are redirected to the building information ***,the digital model acts as a repository of currently available equipment for operations management and the history of diagnoses that support decision-making during the maintenance,retrofitting,and renovation ***,the repeated detection of a specific issue,which is unaffected by operations management,should be considered an opportunity to act and enhance the performances of existing building *** to a goods-producing industry,the building management system developed in this study applies the aforementioned methodology to provide services related to indoor comfort and building *** approach indicates that a method for automatic real-time diagnosis is tested in a case study consisting of a multi-use and large public *** current paper,which is an extended version of the one presented in the Creative Construction Conference 2018,deepens the decision support tool and the supervision ***,the developed system is contextualized by providing an example of use case and highlighting the st

关键词： BIM building management system cyber-physical system facility management holonic system

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Numerical studies on turbulent flame propagation in premixed gas deflagration inside a tube

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建筑模拟（英文版） 2020年第4期13卷 849-864页

作者： W.P. Fan Y. Gao Y.M. Zhang C.L. Chow Wan-ki Chow College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin Heilongjiang China Hangzhou Steam Turbine & Power Group Co. Ltd Hangzhou Zhejiang China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Research Centre for Fire Engineering Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

Numerical simulation on turbulent flame propagation in premixed gas deflagration process in a tube will be reported in this paper, aiming at identifying the key factors affecting flame shape and flame velocity. Large eddy simulation with premixed gas combustion model is used to obtain results validated by full-scale experimental data. The effect of flow velocity and turbulence on flame propagation is discussed. The flow velocity of premixed gas is observed to be one of the main factors determining flame shape and affecting flame propagation process. The velocity difference of different parts of the flame front, both in magnitude and direction, will lead to tulip-shaped flame. Turbulence would accelerate the propagation of flame periodically. The cause of flame acceleration of low-intensity turbulence originates from two factors, namely, combustion and flow field, which transfer the heat and mass of chemical reaction from diffusion to vortex transport. As high-intensity turbulence will not affect the chemical reaction and the turbulent burning velocity,flame acceleration is controlled only by the characteristics of the flow field.

关键词： large eddy simulation deflagration flame propagation flow field characteristics

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Artificial intelligence powered large-scale renewable integrations in multi-energy systems for carbon neutrality transition: Challenges and future perspectives

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Energy and AI 2022年第4期10卷 242-261页

作者： Zhengxuan Liu Ying Sun Chaojie Xing Jia Liu Yingdong He Yuekuan Zhou Guoqiang Zhang College of Civil Engineering National Center for International Research Collaboration in Building Safety and EnvironmentHunan UniversityChangsha410082China Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment Delft University of TechnologyJulianalaan 1342628 BLDelftNetherlands Energy and Environment Group Department of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealCanada College of Civil Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Building Energy Efficiency and Application Technologies Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust Function HubThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Nansha511400GuangdongChina Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute ShenzhenChina

The vigorous expansion of renewable energy as a substitute for fossil energy is the predominant route of action to achieve worldwide carbon neutrality. However, clean energy supplies in multi-energy building districts are still at the preliminary stages for energy paradigm transitions. In particular, technologies and methodologies for large-scale renewable energy integrations are still not sufficiently sophisticated, in terms of intelligent control management. Artificial intelligent (AI) techniques powered renewable energy systems can learn from bioinspired lessons and provide power systems with intelligence. However, there are few in-depth dissections and deliberations on the roles of AI techniques for large-scale integrations of renewable energy and decarbonisation in multi-energy systems. This study summarizes the commonly used AI-related approaches and discusses their functional advantages when being applied in various renewable energy sectors, as well as their functional contribution to optimizing the operational control modalities of renewable energy and improving the overall operational effectiveness. This study also presents practical applications of various AI techniques in large-scale renewable energy integration systems, and analyzes their effectiveness through theoretical explanations and diverse case studies. In addition, this study introduces limitations and challenges associated with the large-scale renewable energy integrations for carbon neutrality transition using relevant AI techniques, and proposes further promising research perspectives and recommendations. This comprehensive review ignites advanced AI techniques for large-scale renewable integrations and provides valuable informational instructions and guidelines to different stakeholders (e.g., engineers, designers and scientists) for carbon neutrality transition.

关键词： Artificial intelligent techniques Renewable energy Large-scale integration Energy transition Carbon neutrality

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Noise reduction of plenum windows with add-in dual staggered sound scatterer arrays 50

Noise reduction of plenum windows with add-in dual staggered...

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50th International Congress and Exposition of Noise Control engineering, INTER-NOISE 2021

作者： Li, Xiaolong Shiu-Keung, Tang Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing University Chongqing China Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Ministry of Education China Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781732598652

In present study, a 1:4 scaled down model was used to explore the noise reduction across the plenum window with add-in dual staggered scatterer arrays (sonic-crystal). Reverberation time inside the model space was measured firstly to eliminate the effect of the possible reverberation variation on the sound transmission loss of the plenum window. Two sonic-crystal arrays, the two-by-two and two-by-three scatterer arrangements, were adopted for measurement. A total of four arrays was thus tested after the staggering. Computational simulation was conducted for the sound field inside the plenum chamber to study the noise reduction mechanism of the present window system. Results show that the noise reduction of the plenum window was improved by varying degrees due to the placement of the dual staggered sonic-crystal. The Installation of the dual staggered sonic-crystal increased the sound energy reflections out of the plenum window inlet and decreased the sound energy that passed through the plenum window cavity. At the same time, the resonances inside the window cavity also contributed to the sound transmission loss of the plenum window. The noise reduction across the plenum window were enhanced. The improvement was around ~2 dBA. © INTER-NOISE 2021 .All right reserved.

关键词： Noise abatement

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The Florence 4D Facial Expression Dataset 17

The Florence 4D Facial Expression Dataset

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17th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, FG 2023

作者： Principi, Filippo Berretti, Stefano Ferrari, Claudio Otberdout, Naima Daoudi, Mohamed Del Bimbo, Alberto Media Integration and Communication Center University of Florence Italy Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Parma Italy Ai Movement University Mohammed Iv Polytechnic Rabat Morocco Univ. Lille Cnrs Centrale Lille Institut Mines-Télécom Umr 9189 CRIStAL LilleF-59000 France Imt Nord Europe Institut Mines-Télécom Univ. Lille Centre for Digital Systems LilleF-59000 France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345445

Human facial expressions change dynamically, so their recognition / analysis should be conducted by accounting for the temporal evolution of face deformations either in 2D or 3D. While abundant 2D video data do exist, this is not the case in 3D, where few 3D dynamic (4D) datasets were released for public use. The negative consequence of this scarcity of data is amplified by current deep learning based-methods for facial expression analysis that require large quantities of variegate samples to be effectively trained. With the aim of smoothing such limitations, in this paper we propose a large dataset, named Florence 4D, composed of dynamic sequences of 3D face models, where a combination of synthetic and real identities exhibit an unprecedented variety of 4D facial expressions, with variations that include the classical neutral-apex transition, but generalize to expression-to-expression. All these characteristics are not exposed by any of the existing 4D datasets and they cannot even be obtained by combining more than one dataset. We strongly believe that making such a data corpora publicly available to the community will allow designing and experimenting new applications that were not possible to investigate till now. To show at some extent the difficulty of our data in terms of different identities and varying expressions, we also report a baseline experimentation on the proposed dataset that can be used as baseline. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Large dataset

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Evaluation of optimal thermo-optical properties for electrochromic windows in current and future climate scenarios: A multi-locations optimization

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Energy and Buildings 2025年 343卷

作者： Francesco Carlucci Alessandro Cannavale Ludovica Maria Campagna Francesco Fiorito Department of Civil Environmental Land Building Engineering and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari Bari Italy Department of Architecture Construction and Design Polytechnic University of Bari Bari Italy

The technological advancement of innovative electrochromic (EC) technologies is fuelling the spread of new devices characterized by different thermo-optical properties. This wide range of possibilities poses new questions regarding optimal EC properties to be considered in different contexts. This study aims to investigate the influence of different locations and the effects of climate change on the definition of the optimal thermo-optical properties of an EC window, controlled by a daylighting sensor, in an office building. Six locations (Larnaca, Brindisi, Madrid, Paris, Copenhagen, Kiruna) – characterized by different latitudes and climate conditions – combined with five climate scenarios (current, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) were selected to conduct genetic optimizations considering 5-genes genomes: i) solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) in bleached and ii) coloured state, iii) visible light transmittance (VLT) in bleached and iv) coloured state and v) thermal transmittance. The results highlight that adopting wrong EC devices in certain climates can increase the total consumption up to + 39%; instead, optimized EC systems reduce the total consumption of nearly 8% (on average), compared with traditional windows, with a peak of nearly 13% in hot climates. In particular, SHGC plays a pivotal role, with low values – in both clear and dark configurations – suggested for warm climates while higher values are optimal in cold climates. Instead, optimal thermal transmittances tend to higher values in warm cities and lower ones in colder regions. Finally, the rising temperatures in future scenarios lead to increased energy consumption – except in very cold climates – without affecting significantly the optimal EC properties.

关键词： Climate change Electrochromic Responsive envelopes Architectural engineering Sustainable design Digital innovation

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Liquid structures: A novel Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) inspired metamaterial

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Gallina, Paolo Gei, Massimiliano Scalera, Lorenzo Seriani, Stefano University of Trieste Department of Engineering and Architecture Via Valerio 10 Trieste34127 Italy University of Udine Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture Via delle Scienze 206 Udine33100 Italy

We present a theoretical framework for new structural metamaterials we refer to as liquid structures: a topology of bistable mechanisms made up of a high number of cells that are sub-mechanisms composed of pseudo-rigid links and joints. The name liquid structures comes from the similarities they present with the kinematics of the constant flow of incompressible fluids they are inspired by in a limited domain. The layout of the cells are obtained through a two-step process where: (i) the node displacements are computed by means of a Computational Fluid Dynamics tool feeding and (ii) the kinematic synthesis of each cell that is subsequently performed. We report two illustrative examples where star- and diamond-type cells are employed. The paper concludes with a detailed discussion about future theoretical and manufacturing challenges arising from this new metamaterial paradigm. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Metamaterials

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