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11th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, ISHVAC 2019

作者： Zhang, Tiantian Wang, Meng Yang, Hongxing School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement EnvironmentScience and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin China Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9789811395277

Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology provides an aesthetical, economic, and technical solution for electricity self-sufficiency in buildings. This paper proposes a novel triple-skin BIPV/T system for rural residential buildings in north China. Firstly, the electrical performance of the proposed system was simulated using the System Advisor Model (SAM) from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Secondly, the ANSYS Fluent software was used to simulate the heat transfer condition of the BIPV/T system in a typical winter day. The results show that the total electricity output of BIPV/T system in a typical year is 6128 kWh. In a typical winter day, the proposed system operates from 8:00 to 13:00 and outputs 9.84 kWh electricity in total. By collecting the accumulated heat from the PV module, the exposure temperature of the structural wall/roof is significantly improved. Accordingly, during the operation of the system, the total heat loss of the building envelope could be reduced by 2.85 and 2.75 kWh by the closed mode and the ventilated mode, respectively. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Heat losses

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Seismic vulnerability of masonry walls through an innovative voxel limit analysis homogenization approach 7

Seismic vulnerability of masonry walls through an innovative...

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7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake engineering, COMPDYN 2019

作者： Tiberti, Simone Milani, Gabriele Department of Architecture Built Environment and Construction Engineering Polytechnic University of Milan Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32 Milan20133 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9786188284463

This paper addresses the seismic vulnerability of masonry walls, which is assessed using a homogenization-based limit analysis approach for modelling their out-of-plane behavior. The finite element mesh for the numerical model of the masonry wall or panel under investigation is generated from the actual geometry through a voxel approach: once the in-plane and transversal layout of the wall are identified, one voxel (i.e. 3D pixel) is transformed into a finite element. One stretcher bond masonry test-window is considered in this paper. Its out-of-plane behavior is then assessed by solving a limit analysis problem scripted into a Matlab code, whose formulation is also based on homogenization, evaluating their collapse load multiplier. The post-processing stage consists in the derivation of homogenized out-of-plane failure surfaces for the considered test-window. These are expressed in terms of bending moments, which represent the bending strengths of the test-window;they are then compared to similar homogenized failure surfaces obtained in a previous work for validation. Eventually, the collapse mechanisms for the considered test-window are identified and critically discussed. Copyright © 2019 COMPDYN Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Structural dynamics

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Reporting of Scope2 Co2-Emissions and Electricity Consumption in 111 Indian Ocean Cities between 2015-2022

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Nematchoua, Modeste Kameni Buratti, Cinza Orosa, Jose A. Attia, Shady Teller, Jacques Bemanana, Muriel Akinola, Olatunji Bernard, Andrianirina Charles Sendrahasina, Rakotomalala Minoson Roy, Sambatra Eric Jean Falisoa, Rafanotsimiva Liva Jean-Pierre, Messina Reiter, Sigrid School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University 1295 S. Knoles Dr. Building 90 Room 320 FlagstaffAZ86011 United States Department of Engineering University of Perugia Via G. Duranti 63 Perugia06125 Italy Department of N. S. and Marine Engineering Escuela Técnica Superior de N. y M University of A Coruña Paseo de Ronda 51 A Coruna15011 Spain Sustainable Building Design Lab Dept. UEE Applied Sciences University of Liege Belgium LEMA ArGEnCo Department University of Liege Belgium Higher Polytechnic School University of Antsiranana Antsiranana Madagascar Science and Technology’s Higher Institute University of Mahajanga Mahajanga Madagascar University of Antananarivo Po Box 566 Antananarivo101 Madagascar Department of Industrial Engineering Higher Institute of Technology Antsiranana Antsiranana201 Madagascar Faculty of Architecture and Construction Notre-Dame du Kasaï University Congo

Several sources related that the electricity sector emits almost a quarter of greenhouse gases each year in the world. It is therefore one of the important sectors to take into account to limit global warming. Indian Ocean cities produce significant CO2 emissions during electricity consumption. Their volume and accuracy remain practically unknown and untested. Indeed, until now, there is no methodology suggested by the researchers to evaluate Fossil Fuel carbon dioxide (FFCO2) emission, and electricity consumption in this region. Aware of these crucial problems, this study was carried out to assess and analyse CO2 emissions coming from Electricity consumption (called Scope2) in 111 cities located in the Indian Ocean from 55 Power plants between 2015-2022 (08 years) and in four sectors (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, and On-road). To carry out a good comparison, all the data were grouped into three categories, Before COVID (2015-2018);During COVID (2019-2020);and After COVID (2021-2022)). The results showed that the CO2 emission difference is significant in the residential and commercial sectors. It was observed that CO2 emissions increased in 2019-2022 in the residential, industrial, and on-road sectors whereas, simultaneously during the same period, it decreased in the commercial sector. During the three periods, the CO2 emissions rate was the highest in the residential sector (around 52%), and the least on-road (around 1%). The significant difference in the commercial sector suggests a decrease in electricity consumption during the peak of the pandemic due to reduced business activities. Businesses adapted to new operating conditions, such as reduced hours or enhanced energy efficiency measures, which also contributed to the change in consumption patterns. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Low emission

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Innovative structural solutions for prefab reinforced concrete hall-type buildings

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Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 2019年第1期13卷 149-163页

作者： Sorace, Stefano Terenzi, Gloria Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Via delle Scienze 206 Udine 33100 Italy Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Florence Via S. Marta 3 Florence 50139 Italy

Background: The anti-seismic design of prefab reinforced concrete buildings is usually carried out with a conventional ductility-based approach. This implies a remarkable plastic demand on columns, as well as damages to the connections of structural and non-structural members, for seismic events with comparable intensity to the basic design earthquake normative level. Objective: In view of this, a study was developed and aimed at extending to the field of new prefab reinforced concrete structures the application of advanced seismic protection strategies, capable of guaranteeing undamaged response up to the maximum considered earthquake normative level. Method: A benchmark building was designed as demonstrative case study for this purpose, in the three following hypotheses: (a) according to a traditional ductility-based approach;(b) by incorporating dissipative bracings, equipped with fluid viscous dampers;(c) by placing a seismic isolation system at the base, composed of a set of double curved surface sliders. Results: The results of the verification analyses show that the targeted performance for the design solutions b) and c) is obtained with sizes of columns and plinths notably smaller than those for the conventional design. This allows compensating the additional cost related to the incorporation of the protective devices, for the dissipative bracing system, and limiting additional costs below 25%, for the base isolation solution. At the same time, a supplemental benefit of the latter is represented by greater protection of contents and plants, as they are fully supported by the seismically isolated ground floor. Conclusion: The study highlights the advantages offered by the two advanced seismic protection technologies in an unusual field of application, guaranteeing an enhanced performance of structural and non-structural elements, as well as reduced member sizes, as compared to the traditional ductility-based design. © 2019 Sorace and Terenzi.

关键词： Base isolation Dissipative braces Ductility-based design Industrial buildings Prefab structures Viscous dampers

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Importance of incorporating systemic cerebroarterial hemodynamics into computational modeling of blood flow in intracranial aneurysm

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第3期32卷 510-522页

作者： Zhi-qiang Zhang Li-jian Xu Rong Liu Xiao-sheng Liu Bing-Zhao Fu-you Liang School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration(CISSE) Shanghai 200240China Institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Radiology Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Neurosurgery Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Institute for Personalized Medicine Sechenov UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

The importance of properly treating boundary conditions (BCs) in numerical simulation of hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysm (IA) has been increasingly recognized. In this study, we constructed three types of computational model for each IA to investigate how the outcome of numerical simulation is affected by the treatment of BCs. The first type of model (i.e., Type-A model) was obtained by applying 3-D hemodynamic modeling to the entire cerebral arterial network, with its solution being taken as the reference for evaluating the performance of the other two types of model (i.e., Type-B and Type-C models) in which 3-D modeling was confined to the aneurysm region. In addition, patient-specific 1-D models of the cerebral arterial network were developed to provide hemodynamic information for setting the inflow/outflow BCs of the 3-D models. Numerical tests on three IAs revealed that prescribing the outflow BCs of a localized 3-D aneurysm model based on 1-D model-simulated outflow division (i.e., Type-B model) instead of imposing the free outflow BC on all outlets (i.e., Type-C model) helped to improve the fidelity of the simulation of intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics, but could not guarantee a complete reproduction of the reference solution obtained by the Type-A model. Moreover, it was found that the outcome of hemodynamic simulation was more sensitive to the treatment of BCs when an aneurysm was located at arterial bifurcation rather than sidewall. These findings highlight the importance of taking into account systemic cerebroarterial hemodynamics in computational modeling of hemodynamics in IAs, especially those located at bifurcations.

关键词： Intracranial aneurysm systemic cerebroarterial hemodynamics boundary conditions computational model

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Review of Bio-Enzyme for Soil Improvement

Biogeotechnics

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Biogeotechnics 2024年

作者： Yuhao Li Xiangwei Fang Chunni Shen Wenchen Jiang Sheng Huang Ma Guoliang School of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200092 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong China

Traditional soil stabilizers, such as cement and lime, typically entail substantial energy consumption and environmental pollution. In contrast, bio-enzyme has emerged as a promising alternative, aligning with the imperatives of sustainable development, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Bio-enzymes are primarily one or more protein molecules that catalyzes chemical reactions in the soil to form a cementing bond that stabilizes the soil structure and reduces the soil’s affinity for water. Currently, a plethora of studies on bio-enzyme have been conducted by scholars worldwide, yet there remains a notable absence of the systematic organization and comprehensive review of these findings. This study offers a thorough examination of bio-enzyme technology, encompassing its biochemical properties, mechanisms, the engineering properties of stabilized soil, bio-enzymatic composites, and its engineering applications. And current trends and future prospects of bio-enzyme are also scrutinized. This forward-looking study indicates that bio-enzyme functions through mechanisms such as cation exchange, specific binding, and surfactants, among others to diminish the electric double layer thickness and hydrophilicity of soil, consequently enhancing engineering properties of soil. And the improvement performance can be influenced by various factors, including soil properties, enzyme dosage, specificity, and sample preparation, etc. It is also noted that the composites of bio-enzyme with conventional stabilizers tend to enhance improvement performance more efficiently. The engineering applications of bio-enzyme have demonstrated its superiority over traditional stabilizers in soil improvement. However, the performance of treated soils with available bio-enzyme remains limited, highlighting the necessity for extracting novel bio-enzyme form plants/animals and determining its mechanisms and engineering mechanical properties. It is also essential to develop more bio-enzy

关键词： bio-enzyme soil stabilization curing mechanism engineering mechanical properties engineering application

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Contrasting effects of genotype and root size on the fungal and bacterial communities associated with apple rootstocks

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园艺研究（英文） 2022年第1期9卷 738-752页

作者： Jia Liu Ahmed Abdelfattah Birgit Wasserman Michael Wisniewski Samir Droby Gennaro Fazio Mark Mazzola Xuehong Wu Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science/Institute of Special PlantsChongqing University of Arts and Sciences317 Honghe RoadYongchuan DistrictChongqing 402160China Institute of Environmental Biotechnology Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 12Graz 8010Austria Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy(ATB) Max-Eyth Allee 10014469 PotsdamGermany Institute of Environmental Biotechnology Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 12Graz 8010Austria Department of Biological Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University220 Ag Quad LnBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Postharvest Science Agricultural Research OrganizationThe Volcani CenterPO Box 15159 Rishon LeZion 7505101Israel United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service(USDA-ARS) Plant Genetic Resources Unit21 Crabapple DriveGenevaNY 14456USA USDA-ARS Tree Fruit Research Laboratory1104 North Western Ave.WenatcheeWA 98801USA Department of Plant Pathology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural University2 Youanmingyuan West RoadHaidan DistrictBeijing 100193China

The endophytic microbiome of plants is believed to have a significant impact on its physiology and disease resistance,however,the role of host genotype in determining the composition of the endophytic microbiome of apple root systems remains an open question that has important implications for defining breeding *** the current study,the bacterial and fungal microbiota associated with four different apple rootstocks planted in April,2018 in the same soil environment and harvested in May,2019 were evaluated to determine the role of genotype on the composition of both the bacterial and fungal *** demonstrated a clear impact of genotype and root size on microbial composition and *** fungal community was more affected by plant genotype whereas the bacterial community was shaped by root *** and bacterial abundance was equal between different-sized roots however,significantly higher microbial counts were detected in rhizosphere samples compared to root endosphere *** study provides information that can be used to develop a comprehensive and readily applicable understanding of the impact of genotype and environmental factors on the establishment of plant microbiome,as well as its potential function and impact on host physiology.

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Comparing AI and human decision-making mechanisms in daily collaborative experiments

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iScience 2025年第6期28卷 112711页

作者： Wang, Linghao Jiang, Zheyuan Hu, Chenke Zhao, Jun Zhu, Zheng Chen, Xiqun Wang, Ziyi Liu, Tianming He, Guibing Yin, Yafeng Lee, Der-Horng Institute of Intelligent Transportation Systems College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Institute of Intelligent Transportation Systems & Polytechnic Institute College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Mechanics The University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Zhejiang Tranalytic Technology Company Wenzhou China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Zhejiang University–University of Illinois Urbana Champaign Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Artificial intelligence (AI) is trying to catch up with human beings in many aspects. In this track, the potential for replacing human decision-making with AI models, such as large language models (LLMs), has become a topic of considerable debate. To test the performance of AI in daily decision-making, we compared humans, LLMs, and reinforcement learning (RL) in a multi-day commute decision-making game. It denotes a collaborative decision-making process where individual and collective outcomes are interdependent. We examined various performance metrics, including overall system results, system convergence progress, individual decision dynamics, and individual decision mechanisms. We find that LLMs exhibit human-like abilities to learn from historical experience and achieve convergence when making daily commute decisions. However, in the context of multi-person collaboration, LLMs still face challenges, such as weak perception of others’ choices, poor group decision-making mechanisms, and a lack of physical knowledge. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Artificial intelligence applications Computing methodology Social sciences

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Estimation of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Potential: A Deep Learning Based Approach for Constructing Three-Dimensional Building Models from Satellite Imagery

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yan, Longxu Zhu, Rui Kwan, Mei-Po Luo, Wei Wang, De Zhang, Shangwu Wong, Man Sing You, Linlin Yang, Bishen Chen, Biyu Feng, Ling College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Key Laboratory of Spatial Intelligent Planning Technology Ministry of Natural Resources Shanghai200092 China Singapore138632 Singapore Department of Geography and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Geography Department National University of Singapore Singapore117570 Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health National University of Singapore Singapore117549 Singapore Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Shenzhen518107 China State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan430079 China

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are increasingly used to build low-carbon buildings and promote energy transition. However, the absence of precise three-dimensional (3D) building models may hinder accurate estimation of photovoltaic (PV) potential on 3D urban surfaces. This study develops a detail-oriented deep learning approach , which for the first time constructs three-dimensional buildings from high-resolution satellite images and estimates PV potential. Specifically, two deep-learning neural networks, i.e., the Rooftop Segmentation Model and Height Prediction Model, were developed by advancing the basic DeepLabv3+ architecture and integrating dedicated layers, adaptive activation functions, and hybrid losses. Next, the two models were trained and tested on a self-made dataset targeted at Shanghai and an open datasets under standard data augmentation and transfer learning strategies. Then, morphological post-processing procedures were developed to cluster and regularise individual rooftops with estimated heights. Finally, PV potentials in typical areas were estimated and compared. The accuracy assessments suggest satisfactory rooftop segmentation and building height estimation. The PV potentials derived from the actual and predicted building models showed little difference, implying the reliability of the extracted buildings. The proposed model is novel and effective for constructing 3D building models that can facilitate PV penetration and urban studies in various fields. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Remote sensing

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Output Prediction of waste concrete based on GM(1,1)

Output Prediction of waste concrete based on GM(1,1)

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作者： Jian Yin Ruoxi Du Xinchen Ma Zihang Zhou Yuxuan Zhang Wenjie Luo School of Civil Engineering Henan Polytechnic University School of Architecture and Transportation Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hubei University of Technology College of Agriculture Yanbian University

In order to promote efficient use of waste concrete in Chongqing,the building area estimation method is employed to estimate the waste concrete output from 2012 to 2018,and the gray model is used to predict the waste concrete output from 2019 to *** Matlab programming,the waste concrete output in Chongqing will reach 3181.14 t in 2023,which is 1.44 times that in *** results show that the gray model can accurately forecast the output of waste concrete in Chongqing in the short and medium term.

关键词： Output Prediction of waste concrete based on GM

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