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IEEE Sensors

作者： Mauro Passarotto Gentjan Qama Ruben Specogna Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA) Università di Udine Udine Italy Munich Design Office IDT Europe GmbH München Germany

Inductive position sensors (IPSs) are contactless sensors used for detecting the absolute position of an item in case of angular or linear motion. The active sensing part is manufactured by positioning copper traces on a printed circuit board (PCB) in order to obtain a system of transmitting and receiving coils. A designing procedure based on trial-and-error method is not considerable because of the low time and costs efficiency of the process. Therefore, the here presented coil design process aims at efficiently evaluating the performance of each sensor before its industrial production and application. The simulation is based on the sequential solution of different eddy current problems in the frequency domain by using a fast and efficient surface integral formulation in place of the much more widely diffused commercial finite element (FE) codes. Due to this innovative practice, simulation time can be reduced to some tens of seconds thus allowing the evaluation of many design and the final performance of the sensor can be deeply enhanced, reducing the maximum linearity error from more than 2% up to 0.2% FS.

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Artificial Neural Network Prediction of Airport Pavement Moduli Using Interpolated Surface Deflection Data

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第2期1203卷

作者： Nicola Baldo Matteo Miani Fabio Rondinella Clara Celauro Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA) University of Udine Via del Cotonificio 114 33100 Udine Italy Department of Civil Environmental Aerospace and Materials Engineering (DICAM) University of Palermo Via delle Scienze - Parco D'Orleans – Building n°8 90128 Palermo Italy

Establishing the structural integrity of an airport pavement is crucial to assess its remaining life and implement strategies or priorities for action. In this context, the elastic modulus represents an effective indicator of the condition of the pavement which can be calculated through back-calculation procedures starting from surface deflections, obtained from a non-destructive test (such as the Heavy Weight Deflectometer). Nevertheless, the conventional inverse engineering analysis involves the use of an axial-symmetric pavement finite-element program able to evaluate stiffness values exclusively at the deflection measuring points. This study presents an alternative methodology for spatial modelling of the load- bearing capacity of the runway surface pavement layer from deflection data measured at specific points, using Shallow Artificial Neural Networks. The search of the optimal neural model hyperparameters has been addressed through a Bayesian Optimization procedure and a 5-fold cross-validation has been implemented for a fair performance evaluation, given the limited number of deflection measures available. Once the optimal model has been defined, the measured surface deflection data were linearly interpolated and resampled gridding data were used as a new input matrix of the neural model to predict the expected value of elastic moduli at non-sampled points on the runway. The optimal BO model has returned very satisfactory results with a value of Pearson Coefficient R averaged over 5-fold equal to 0.96597 and of Mean Squared Error averaged over 5-fold equal to 0.01849. In such a way, a contour map of the runway stiffness has been drawn, to provide a support tool for the planning of intervention priorities.

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Dynamical integrity: A novel paradigm for evaluating load carrying capacity

Dynamical integrity: A novel paradigm for evaluating load ca...

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作者： Rega, Giuseppe Lenci, Stefano Ruzziconi, Laura Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy Department of Civil and Building Engineering and Architecture Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona Italy Faculty of Engineering eCampus University Novedrate Italy

The chapter offers an overview of the effects of the research advancements in nonlinear dynamics on the evaluation of system safety. The achievements developed over the last 30 years entailed a substantial change of perspective. After recalling the outstanding contributions due to Euler and Koiter, we focus on Thompson’s intuition of global safety. This concept represents a paramount enhancement, full of theoretical and practical implications. Its relevance as a novel paradigm for evaluating the load carrying capacity of a system is highlighted. Making reference to a variety of different case studies, we emphasize that global safety has induced a deep development in the analysis, control, and design of mechanical and structural systems. Recent results are presented, and the possibility to implement effective dedicated control procedures based on global safety concepts is explored. We stress the importance of global safety for valorizing all the potential of the system and guaranteeing superior targets. The very general character of the dynamical integrity approach to design is highlighted. © CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences 2019.

关键词： Dynamical integrity Global safety Load carrying capacity Novel paradigm

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Plasma-catalytic reforming of CO2-CH4 over nickel-based catalysts: Catalyst design, plasma activation, and comparison of different catalytic systems

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Journal of Environmental Chemical engineering 2025年第3期13卷

作者： Chang, Tian Chang, Xuanchen Zhao, Zuotong Ma, Chuanlong Zhao, Xiangen Du, Yaping Patrocinio, Antonio Otavio T. Nikiforov, Anton Wang, Chuanyi School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an710021 China State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 - B4 Ghent9000 Belgium State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan750021 China Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Hong Kong Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science LAFOT-CM Institute of Chemistry Universidade Federal de Uberlândia MG Uberlândia38400-902 Brazil Centro de Excelencia em Hidrogenio e Tecnologias Energeticas Sustentaveis - CETHS Parque Tecnológico Samambaia GO Goiânia74690-631 Brazil

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is one of the most attractive methods for producing syngas by utilizing two major greenhouse gases: methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Among the numerous effective technologies for DRM, nonthermal plasma (NTP)-catalysis has attracted particular attention because of its ease of handling and mild operating conditions. Ni-based catalysts are widely applied in NTP-catalytic DRM because of their ability to activate and break C-C and C-H bonds. However, their practical application is often hindered by deactivation caused by carbon deposition. To develop more efficient and stable Ni-based catalysts for DRM, a comprehensive understanding of catalyst activation and the associated reaction mechanisms within the plasma environment is essential. Accordingly, this paper presents a review of the research on NTP-catalytic DRM over Ni-based catalysts. In the first section, the factors affecting the activity of Ni-based catalysts, including the catalyst preparation method, promoter, and support are described. Secondly, the plasma-induced activation mechanisms of molecules and catalysts governed by key plasma characteristics (e.g., operational parameters, e∗, active species, and thermal effects) are discussed, along with the influence of catalyst properties on discharge behavior and the reaction mechanism of NTP-catalytic DRM. It is followed by a detailed description of three different catalytic methods of DRM. Finally, suggestions for future research on NTP-catalytic DRM are provided. The findings of this review can help understand the mechanism underlying the synergistic reactions between plasma and catalysts and can serve as a guide for the future improvement of Ni-based catalysts for NTP-catalytic DRM. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Catalytic reforming

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An efficient Lagrangian-based approach for transient modelling and analysis in urban water distribution networks 1

An efficient Lagrangian-based approach for transient modelli...

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1st International Joint Conference in Water Distribution Systems Analysis and Computing and Control in the Water Industry, WDSA/CCWI 2018

作者： Huang, Yuan Zheng, Feifei Duan, Huan-Feng Zhang, Qingzhou He, Guilin College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong

With the increasing scale and complexity of urban water distribution networks (WDN) nowadays, the efficiency of transient analysis has become a considerable concern for transient modelling and analysis of such systems. An efficient Lagrangian-based model (ELM) is developed in this paper on the basis of transient wave propagation mechanism, with the aim for efficient transient analysis in WDN. The Lagrangian event-driven scheme for reproducing and simulating pressure waves are firstly developed through the integration of wave transformations at various boundaries and pipe line frictions, as well as the consideration of data storage and transformation. Within the scheme, two efficiency control strategies - extended wave selection and minor wave truncation, are defined and embedded to compromise the computational efficiency and simulation accuracy for transient analysis. A case study of typical looped pipe network is then applied to test and verify the effectiveness and validity of this developed approach. The main results indicate that (1) the developed ELM is much more efficient than the traditional transient analysis method (e.g., MOC) for appropriate settings of these two strategies;and meanwhile, (2) the accuracy of the proposed ELM can be comparable with the MOC-based method when only the quasi-steady friction is considered. The results analysis and discussion of this study demonstrate that the developed ELM may become a feasible and useful alternative to facilitate the transient modelling and analysis in practical WDN. © 2018 1st International WDSA / CCWI 2018 Joint Conference. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wave propagation

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A modelling framework of drone deployment for monitoring air pollution from ships 11th

A modelling framework of drone deployment for monitoring air...

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11th International KES Conference on Intelligent Interactive Multimedia: Systems and Services, KES-IIMSS 2018

作者： Chen, Jingxu Wang, Shuaian Qu, Xiaobo Yi, Wen Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg412 96 Sweden School of Engineering and Advanced Technology College of Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9783319922300

Sulphur oxide (SOx) emissions impose a serious health threat to the residents and a substantial cost to the local environment. In many countries and regions, ocean-going vessels are mandated to use low-sulphur fuel when docking at emission control areas. Recently, drones have been identified as an efficient way to detect non-compliance of ships, as they offer the advantage of covering a wide range of surveillance areas. To date, the managerial perspective of the deployment of a fleet of drones to inspect air pollution from ships has not been addressed yet. In this paper, we propose a modelling framework of drone deployment. It contains three components: drone scheduling at the operational level, drone assignment at the tactical level and drone base station location at the strategic level. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019.

关键词： Drones

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Model Test on Ground Surface Settlement and Face Failure of Shallow Tunnel in Dry Sandy Stratum

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期783卷

作者： Weitao Song Pei Zhang Xiuli Du Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing 102616 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 China

Surface deformation and face failure may occur during shield tunneling in the shallow buried dry sandy stratum. The model shield machine is used to carry out the shield tunneling model test in dry sandy stratum. The surface deformation laws and the active failure process of the excavation face are analyzed by monitoring the surface deformation during advancing and face failure stages. It is concluded that the surface deformation curve is 'M' shaped and asymmetrical about the tunnel axis. The surface settlement during face failure goes through two stages, and the surface collapse pit is approximately elliptical, whose center is located on the left side of the tunnel axis when the cutter head rotates clockwise.

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Three-dimensional analysis of masonry vaults subjected to differential settlements

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2021年第1期2343卷

作者： Nicola Grillanda Andrea Chiozzi Gabriele Milani Antonio Tralli 1Department of Architecture Built Environment and Construction Engineering (A. B. C.) Polytechnic University of Milan Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milan Italy 2Department of Engineering University of Ferrara Via Saragat 1 44122 Ferrara Italy

In this paper, the three-dimensional analysis of masonry vaults subjected to differential settlements is presented. A representation through NURBS shell elements is followed. Elements are idealized as rigid blocks and jumps of displacement can occur only at interfaces. Starting from a known displacement at the external boundary, the overall displacement field is determined through standard linear programming formulations. A mesh adaptation governed by a Genetic Algorithm is then applied to find the shape of the mechanism deriving from the settlement. The procedure is here applied on a historical barrel vault and results are compared with previous experimental tests.

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Seismic performance assessment of a typified school building damaged during the 2019 Albanian earthquakes

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期989卷

作者： Marjo Hysenlliu Hüseyin Bilgin Polytechnic University of Tirana Department of Civil Engineering 1001 Tirana Albania EPOKA University Faculty of Engineering and Architecture 1032 Tirana Albania

This study presents the seismic performance evaluation of a typified masonry school building, Shkolla 9-Vjeçare '26 Nëntori', which was damaged by the recent earthquakes which hit Albanian territory on November 26, 2019. This building was constructed in 1985 by following the template school projects in Albanian construction practice. The current situation of the building was evaluated by considering the provisions of modern codes i.e. Eurocode 6, Eurocode 8 and Turkish building Code. Analytical model of the school building was developed using the experimental test results conducted on the brick units and mortar. Nonlinear static pushover analyses were executed to estimate the seismic capacity, the performance point, and the damage limit state levels. The performance based assessment rules were used for this objective. Deficiencies and weak points were identified by the detailed examination of the pushover curves. Results showed that selected school designed per pre-modern code is far from satisfying the desired criteria, suggesting that urgent response and necessary measures should be put into action.

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Strengthening of the reinforced concrete tank of anaerobic purification plants with the manufacture of biogas, damaged as a result of design and construction errors

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第1期1021卷

作者： A Kramarchuk B Ilnytskyy D Hladyshev O Lytvyniak Department of Building Constructions and Bridges Institute of Civil Engineering and Building System Lviv Polytechnic National University S. Bandera str. 12 79013 Lviv Ukraine Lviv Polytechnic National University Institute of Architecture and Design Department of Architectural Design and Engineering S. Bandera str. 12 79013 Lviv Ukraine Department of Civil Safety Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development Lviv Polytechnic National University S. Bandera str. 12 79013 Lviv Ukraine

The defects and damages of bearing structures (walls, covering) of the solid-cast reinforced concrete tank were identified and detected using visual and instrumental testing. The actual reinforcement of the tank was determined and coordinated with designed reinforcement. Furthermore, the deformations were measured, the cracks opening in the walls and its depth in the concrete were detected and was also the strength quality of concrete was defined. During the year of the operation, the tank developed a considerable system of cracks in all lateral walls from technological loadings. At the same time, the width of the crack opening exceeded the limit values for reinforced capacitive structures (wk), which is equal to 0.1 mm. The walls lost tightness, the use of the structure in the technological process was suspended. Checking calculations of the design solutions was carried out for the elements of the tank on technological loadings in the software package LIRA to find the causes of the cracks opening and water penetration in the walls of the reinforced concrete tank. It was determined that the existing design solutions did not ensure the bearing capacity and the fracture strength of bearing reinforced elements of the tank and its spatial rigidity from technological loadings. Necessary reinforcement was defined by ensuring the strength and possible limitation of the width of the cracks opening. This article presents the technical solutions concerning the strengthening of repair bearing elements of reinforced concrete spatial frame of the existing structure. The external bandages (reinforcing steel 4d32A400C) and inner tension bars (stainless steel round pipes 168 x 5 mm) were used as the strengthening of the reinforced concrete tank.

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