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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wolowiec, Christian T. Ramírez, Juan Gabriel Lee, Min-Han Vargas, Nicolas M. Basaran, Ali C. Salev, Pavel Schuller, Ivan K. Department of Physics University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Physics Universidad de los Andes Bogotá 111711 Colombia Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

We report on a temperature-driven reversible change of the in-plane magnetic anisotropy of V2O3/Ni bilayers. This is caused by the rhombohedral to monoclinic structural phase transition of V2O3 at TC = 160 K. The in-plane magnetic anisotropy is uniaxial above TC, but as the bilayer is cooled through the structural phase transition, a secondary magnetic easy axis emerges. Ferromagnetic resonance measurements show that this change in magnetic anisotropy is reversible with temperature. We identify two structural properties of the V2O3/Ni bilayers affecting the in-plane magnetic anisotropy: (1) a growth-induced uniaxial magnetic anisotropy associated with step-like terraces in the bilayer microstructure and (2) a low-temperature strain-induced biaxial anisotropy associated with the V2O3 structural phase transition. Magnetoresistance measurements corroborate the change in magnetic anisotropy across the structural transition and suggest that the negative magnetostriction of Ni leads to the emergence of a strain-induced easy-axis. This shows that a temperature-dependent structural transition in V2O3 may be used to tune the magnetic anisotropy in an adjacent ferromagnetic thin film. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic anisotropy

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Investigating the role of undercoordinated Pt sites at the surface of layered PtTe₂ for methanol decomposition

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Nature Communications 2024年第1期15卷 653页

作者： Hsueh, Jing-Wen Kuo, Lai-Hsiang Chen, Po-Han Chen, Wan-Hsin Chuang, Chi-Yao Kuo, Chia-Nung Lue, Chin-Shan Lai, Yu-Ling Liu, Bo-Hong Wang, Chia-Hsin Hsu, Yao-Jane Lin, Chun-Liang Chou, Jyh-Pin Luo, Meng-Fan Department of Physics National Central University No. 300 Jhongda Rd. Jhongli District Taoyuan 320317 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University No. 1001 University Rd. Hsinchu 300039 Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University No. 1 University Rd. Tainan 701 Taiwan Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials National Science and Technology Council Taipei 10601 Taiwan Program on Key Materials Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center 101 Hsin-Ann Rd. Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu 300092 Taiwan Department of Physics National Changhua University of Education No. 1 Jin-De Rd. Changhua 50007 Taiwan

Transition metal dichalcogenides, by virtue of their two-dimensional structures, could provide the largest active surface for reactions with minimal materials consumed, which has long been pursued in the design of ideal catalysts. Nevertheless, their structurally perfect basal planes are typically inert;their surface defects, such as under-coordinated atoms at the surfaces or edges, can instead serve as catalytically active centers. Here we show a reaction probability > 90 % for adsorbed methanol (CH₃OH) on under-coordinated Pt sites at surface Te vacancies, produced with Ar⁺ bombardment, on layered PtTe₂ — approximately 60 % of the methanol decompose to surface intermediates CH_xO (x = 2, 3) and 35 % to CH_x (x = 1, 2), and an ultimate production of gaseous molecular hydrogen, methane, water and formaldehyde. The characteristic reactivity is attributed to both the triangular positioning and varied degrees of oxidation of the under-coordinated Pt at Te vacancies. © 2024, The Author(s).

关键词： Surface spectroscopy Chemical physics Heterogeneous catalysis Surfaces interfaces and thin films

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Unconventional Lattice Reconstruction in Twisted Multilayer CrI3

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Agarwal, Nishkarsh Sung, Suk Hyun Sun, Zeliang Zhao, Liuyan Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA The Rowland Institute at Harvard Harvard University MA USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

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Enhancement of Self-Trapped Exciton and Near-Infrared Emission in Bi3+/Er3+ Co-Doped Cs2Ag0.4Na0.6InCl6 Double Perovskite for Optical Telecommunications

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Dave, Kashyap Huang, Wen-Tse Leśniewski, Tadeusz Lazarowska, Agata Grzegorczyk, Maciej Mahlik, Sebastian Leniec, Grzegorz Kaczmarek, Slawomir M. Liu, Ru-Shi Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Nanoscience and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Taiwan University Taipei115 Taiwan Institute of Experimental Physics Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics University of Gdańsk Gdańsk80-308 Poland Department of Technical Physics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin Piastow 48 Szczecin70-311 Poland Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan

Erbium (Er) complexes are used as optical gain material for signal generation in the telecom C-band at 1540 nm, but they need a sensitizer to enhance absorption. Na+ substitution at Ag+ and Bi3+ doping at the In3+ site are possible strategies to enhance broadband emission in Cs2AgInCl6, which could be used as sensitizers to energy transfer into rare-earth elements. Herein, self-trapped exciton (STE) energy transfer to Er3+ at 1540 nm for low loss optical telecommunication applications is reported. An acid precipitation method is used to synthesize Cs2AgInCl6 and its derivative with Er3+, Bi3+, and Na+. Bare Cs2AgInCl6:Er emission signals are found to be weak at 1540 nm, but Bi3+ doping increased by 12 times, and Bi3+ and Na+ doping increased by up to 25 times signal intensity. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy characterized a decrease in axial symmetry over the Er3+ ion after substitutions of Na+ and Bi3+ in Cs2AgInCl6 at low temperature ( © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bismuth compounds

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programmable polyketide biosynthesis platform for production of aromatic compounds in yeast

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第1期5卷 11-18页

作者： Tadas Jakočiūnas Andreas K.Klitgaard Eftychia Eva Kontou Julie Bang Nielsen Emil Thomsen David Romero-Suarez Kai Blin Christopher J.Petzold Jennifer W.Gin Yaojun Tong Charlotte Held Gotfredsen Pep Charusanti Rasmus J.N.Frandsen Tilmann Weber Sang Yup Lee Michael K.Jensen Jay D.Keasling The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark Joint BioEnergy Institute EmeryvilleCAUSA Biological Systems&Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering&Department of Bioengineering University of California BerkeleyCAUSA Center for Synthetic Biochemistry Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes for Advanced TechnologiesShenzhenChina Department of Chemistry Technical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Technical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering(BK21 Plus Program) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea

To accelerate the shift to bio-based production and overcome complicated functional implementation of natural and artificial biosynthetic pathways to industry relevant organisms,development of new,versatile,bio-based production platforms is *** we present a novel yeast-based platform for biosynthesis of bacterial aromatic *** platform is based on a synthetic polyketide synthase system enabling a first demonstration of bacterial aromatic polyketide biosynthesis in a eukaryotic host.

关键词： Natural products Synthetic biology Aromatic polyketides CRISPR/Cas9 Polyketide Production platform in eukaryotes Metabolic engineering Biotechnology

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Removal of europium by green tea mediated zero valent iron nanoparticles

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年

作者： Ananya Jena Dharitri Dube Soumya Mishra Prasanta Kumar Sahoo Naresh Kumar Sahoo Department of Chemistry Environmental Science Program (ITER) Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India Department of Mechanical Engineering (ITER) Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India

Europium is the rarest and one of the least abundant rare-earth elements in the world. There are many chemical methods for this extraction of europium, among them application of green synthesized nanomaterial zero-valent iron (nZVI) is a very propitious, inexpensive, and eco-friendly technique. The nZVI nanoparticle was synthesized using green tea extract and applied for the reductive extraction of europium [Eu (III)] from an aqueous solution. The presence of polyphenolic compounds in the green tea extract was used as a reducing agent for the efficient formation of stabilized GT-nZVI. The green synthesized GT-nZVI nanoparticle was characterized by XRD and FTIR techniques. The performance evaluation of GT-NZVI for Eu removal was carried out under batch experiments with various experimental conditions such as, change in pH, initial Eu concentration, reaction time, and temperature. Almost 83 % of Eu was removed at pH 5 while only 65 % at pH 4 at 100 mg/L of initial Eu concentrations. GT-nZVI also shows better removal efficiency at high temperatures. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, GT-nZVI nanoparticles showed an adsorption capacity of 217.39 mg/g. The green synthesized nanoparticles also have good reusability capacity up to 4 consecutive adsorption cycles.

关键词： Green tea extracts Zero valent iron Polyphenolic compounds Europium Adsorption isotherm

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Spinal functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) on Human Studies: A Literature Review

Spinal functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) on Human...

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2019 Advances in science and engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2019

作者： Al-Momani, Sajedah Dhou, Salam Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Engineering Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Biosciences and Bioengineering Research Institute American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781538682715

Spinal functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a newly emerging non-invasive imaging technique that has been introduced to study the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) changes in the spinal cord associated with a certain activity or even at rest. Spinal fMRI is also used to assess the treatment of many dysfunctions affect the spinal cord such as spinal cord injury (SCI) and Multiple sclerosis (MS). The purpose of this paper is to propose a literature review of spinal fMRI studies performed on healthy human volunteers. The studies reviewed are divided based on the paradigm being performed during image acquisition into (1) studies under activities and stimulus which are further classified according to the type of the stimuli, and (2) studies at resting state. Moreover, the limitations of spinal fMRI and how to tackle them are discussed. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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How local governments avoid floodplain development through consistent implementation of routine municipal ordinances, plans, and programs

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Oxford Open Climate Change 2024年第1期4卷

作者： Siders, A.R. Niemann-Morris, Jennifer Hino, Miyuki Shields, Elizabeth Cano Pecharroman, Lidia Doeffinger, Tess Gerber-Chavez, Logan Huang, Ju-Ching Lafferty, Alexandra Tamima, Salvesila Williams, Caroline Agopian, Armen Samoray, Christopher Mach, Katharine J. Disaster Research Center University of Delaware Newark 19716 DE United States Biden School of Public Policy and Administration University of Delaware Newark 19716 DE United States Geography and Spatial Science College of Earth Ocean and Environment University of Delaware Newark 19716 DE United States Department of Environmental Science and Policy Rosenstiel School of Marine Atmospheric and Earth Science University of Miami Miami 33149 FL United States Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy University of Miami Coral Gables 33146 FL United States Department of City and Regional Planning University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill 27599 NC United States Environment Ecology and Energy Program University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill 27599 NC United States Department of Urban Studies and Planning Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 MA United States Georgetown University Law Center Georgetown University WA 20007 DC United States Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark 19716 DE United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Lt. Col. James B. Near Jr. Center for Climate Studies The Citadel Charleston 29409 SC United States

Avoiding floodplain development is critical for limiting flood damage, yet there is little empirical evidence of how local governments effectively avoid floodplain development. We conduct a mixed-methods study to explain how local floodplain management influences floodplain development in New Jersey, a state with high development pressure and flood risk. We find that 85% of towns developed relatively little in the floodplain from 2001 to 2019, and they achieved this with commonplace land use management tools and modest levels of local government capacity. One hundred twenty-six New Jersey towns put none of their new housing in the floodplain 2001-2019. Our findings run counter to common reports of rampant floodplain development requiring legal innovation and capacity-building campaigns and suggest alternative approaches for promoting floodplain avoidance. We find multiple paths to floodplain avoidance, weak support for previously identified drivers, and strong evidence that the keys to avoidance include having a few high-quality tools that are well-implemented, requiring consistency, coordination, and commitment of local officials. The multiple paths and importance of maximum, rather than average, quality might explain the mixed evidence in prior research connecting floodplain management actions and development outcomes. A lack of attention to towns that limit floodplain development impedes our ability to learn from and disseminate their successes. Contrary to our expectations, we show that floodplain avoidance can be and is achieved through routine municipal practices. Our findings underscore the importance of sustained commitment to development management as a core tool for limiting flood risk. © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： adaptation development flood management floodplain government capacity hazard mitigation land use planning sustainable development

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Fractional Fourier Transform Based QRS Complex Detection in ECG Signal

Fractional Fourier Transform Based QRS Complex Detection in ...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： Touseef Yaqoob Saira Aziz Sajid Ahmed Osama Amin Mohamed-Slim Alouini Department of Electrical Engineering Information Technology University (ITU) Lahore Pakistan Electrical Engineering Program King Abdullah University of Science & Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781509066315

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066322

By exploiting fractional-Fourier-transform (FrFT), a novel technique for the QRS complex detection is proposed. The application of the FrFT rotates the Electrocardiograph (ECG) signal in the time-frequency plane. We claim this rotation can give simple and effective QRS complex detection even in the presence of versatile artifacts, such as left-bundle-branch-block, right-bundle-branch-block, and negative polarization. In this work, in the first step, the noise and baseline drifts are removed by applying a wavelet transform on the given ECG signal. While, in the next step, the clean ECG signal is passed through the proposed algorithm, which rotates the ECG signal in the time-frequency plane and detects the QRS complex very easily. The proposed algorithm validated over the 48 signals of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, and it yielded 26 false-positive and only five false-negatives compared to the 80 and 42, the best result reported so far.

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Repositioned Drugs for COVID-19-the Impact on Multiple Organs

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SN comprehensive clinical medicine 2021年第7期3卷 1484-1501页

作者： Christina Chan Sean T Foster Kayla G Chan Matthew J Cacace Shay L Ladd Caleb T Sandum Paul T Wright Brett Volmert Weiyang Yang Aitor Aguirre Wen Li Neil T Wright Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences Michigan State University 428 S. Shaw Lane Room 2100 EB East Lansing MI 48824 USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Integrative Neuroscience Program Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA.

This review summarizes published findings of the beneficial and harmful effects on the heart, lungs, immune system, kidney, liver, and central nervous system of 47 drugs that have been proposed to treat COVID-19. Many of the repurposed drugs were chosen for their benefits to the pulmonary system, as well as immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. However, these drugs have mixed effects on the heart, liver, kidney, and central nervous system. Drug treatments are critical in the fight against COVID-19, along with vaccines and public health protocols. Drug treatments are particularly needed as variants of the SARS-Cov-2 virus emerge with some mutations that could diminish the efficacy of the vaccines. Patients with comorbidities are more likely to require hospitalization and greater interventions. The combination of treating severe COVID-19 symptoms in the presence of comorbidities underscores the importance of understanding the effects of potential COVID-19 treatments on other organs.

关键词： COVID-19 Central nervous system Drug repositioning Heart Immune system Kidneys Liver Lungs

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