Most of the search-based software remodularization(SBSR)approaches designed to address the software remodularization problem(SRP)areutilizing only structural information-based coupling and cohesion quality ***,in prac...
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Most of the search-based software remodularization(SBSR)approaches designed to address the software remodularization problem(SRP)areutilizing only structural information-based coupling and cohesion quality ***,in practice apart from these quality criteria,there require other aspects of coupling and cohesion quality criteria such as lexical and changed-history in designing the modules of the software ***,consideration of limited aspects of software information in the SBSR may generate a sub-optimal modularization ***,such modularization can be good from the quality metrics perspective but may not be acceptable to the *** produce a remodularization solution acceptable from both quality metrics and developers’perspectives,this paper exploited more dimensions of software information to define the quality criteria as modularization ***,these objectives are simultaneously optimized using a tailored manyobjective artificial bee colony(MaABC)to produce a remodularization *** assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach,we applied it over five software *** obtained remodularization solutions are evaluated with the software quality metrics and developers view of *** demonstrate that the proposed software remodularization is an effective approach for generating good quality modularization solutions.
As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention...
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As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.
Evolutionary machine learning has drawn much attentions on solving data-driven learning problem in the past decades, where classification is a major branch of data-driven learning problem. To improve the quality of ob...
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Evolutionary machine learning has drawn much attentions on solving data-driven learning problem in the past decades, where classification is a major branch of data-driven learning problem. To improve the quality of obtained classifier, ensemble is a simple yet powerful strategy. However, gathering classifiers for ensemble requires multiple runs of learning process which bring additional cost at evaluation on the data. This study proposes an innovative framework for ensemble learning through evolutionary multitasking, i.e., the evolutionary multitasking for ensemble learning (EMTEL). There are four main features in the EMTEL. First, the EMTEL formulates a classification problem as a dynamic multitask optimization problem. Second, the EMTEL utilizes evolutionary multitasking to resolve the dynamic multitask optimization problem for better convergence through the synergy of common properties hidden in the tasks. Third, the EMTEL incorporates evolutionary instance selection for saving the cost at evaluation. Finally, the EMTEL formulates the ensemble learning problem as a numerical optimization problem and proposes an online ensemble aggregation approach to simultaneously select appropriate ensemble candidates from learning history and optimize ensemble weights for aggregating predictions. A case study is investigated by integrating two state-of-the-art methods for evolutionary multitasking and evolutionary instance selection respectively, i.e., the symbiosis in biocoenosis optimization and cooperative evolutionary learning and instance selection. For online ensemble aggregation, this study adopts the well-known covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy. Experiments validate the effectiveness of the EMTEL over conventional and advanced evolutionary machine learning algorithms, including genetic programming, self-learning gene expression programming, and multi-dimensional genetic programming. Experimental results show that the proposed framework ameliorates state-o
This paper proposes a Proactive Crowdsourced Monitoring and Sensing (PCMS) framework with the designed Smart iBeacon device to accurately recognize the activities of an equipped target, exclusively customize the recog...
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App reviews are crucial in influencing user decisions and providing essential feedback for developers to improve their *** the analysis of these reviews is vital for efficient review *** traditional machine learning(M...
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App reviews are crucial in influencing user decisions and providing essential feedback for developers to improve their *** the analysis of these reviews is vital for efficient review *** traditional machine learning(ML)models rely on basic word-based feature extraction,deep learning(DL)methods,enhanced with advanced word embeddings,have shown superior *** research introduces a novel aspectbased sentiment analysis(ABSA)framework to classify app reviews based on key non-functional requirements,focusing on usability factors:effectiveness,efficiency,and *** propose a hybrid DL model,combining BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers)with BiLSTM(Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory)and CNN(Convolutional Neural Networks)layers,to enhance classification *** analysis against state-of-the-art models demonstrates that our BERT-BiLSTM-CNN model achieves exceptional performance,with precision,recall,F1-score,and accuracy of 96%,87%,91%,and 94%,*** contributions of this work include a refined ABSA-based relabeling framework,the development of a highperformance classifier,and the comprehensive relabeling of the Instagram App Reviews *** advancements provide valuable insights for software developers to enhance usability and drive user-centric application development.
Fog computing is an emerging paradigm that provides services near the end-user. The tremendous increase in IoT devices and big data leads to complexity in fog resource allocation. Inefficient resource allocation can l...
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Despite the effectiveness of vision-language supervised fine-tuning in enhancing the performance of vision large language models(VLLMs), existing visual instruction tuning datasets include the following limitations.(1...
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Despite the effectiveness of vision-language supervised fine-tuning in enhancing the performance of vision large language models(VLLMs), existing visual instruction tuning datasets include the following limitations.(1) Instruction annotation quality: despite existing VLLMs exhibiting strong performance,instructions generated by those advanced VLLMs may still suffer from inaccuracies, such as hallucinations.(2) Instructions and image diversity: the limited range of instruction types and the lack of diversity in image data may impact the model's ability to generate diversified and closer to real-world scenarios outputs. To address these challenges, we construct a high-quality, diverse visual instruction tuning dataset MMInstruct,which consists of 973k instructions from 24 domains. There are four instruction types: judgment, multiplechoice, long visual question answering, and short visual question answering. To construct MMInstruct, we propose an instruction generation data engine that leverages GPT-4V, GPT-3.5, and manual correction. Our instruction generation engine enables semi-automatic, low-cost, and multi-domain instruction generation at 1/6 the cost of manual construction. Through extensive experiment validation and ablation experiments,we demonstrate that MMInstruct could significantly improve the performance of VLLMs, e.g., the model fine-tuning on MMInstruct achieves new state-of-the-art performance on 10 out of 12 benchmarks. The code and data shall be available at https://***/yuecao0119/MMInstruct.
Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and t...
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Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.
Process monitoring plays a pivotal role in elucidating the intricate interplay among process, structure, and property in additive manufacturing production. The control of powder spreading affects not only particle adh...
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Colletotrichum kahawae(Coffee Berry Disease)spreads through spores that can be carried by wind,rain,and insects affecting coffee plantations,and causes 80%yield losses and poor-quality coffee *** deadly disease is har...
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Colletotrichum kahawae(Coffee Berry Disease)spreads through spores that can be carried by wind,rain,and insects affecting coffee plantations,and causes 80%yield losses and poor-quality coffee *** deadly disease is hard to control because wind,rain,and insects carry *** researchers utilized a deep learning system to identify CBD in coffee cherries at three growth stages and classify photographs of infected and uninfected cherries with 93%accuracy using a random forest *** the dataset is too small and noisy,the algorithm may not learn data patterns and generate accurate *** overcome the existing challenge,early detection of Colletotrichum Kahawae disease in coffee cherries requires automated processes,prompt recognition,and accurate *** proposed methodology selects CBD image datasets through four different stages for training and *** to train a model on datasets of coffee berries,with each image labeled as healthy or *** themodel is trained,SHAP algorithmto figure out which features were essential formaking predictions with the proposed *** of these characteristics were the cherry’s colour,whether it had spots or other damage,and how big the Lesions *** inception is important for classification to virtualize the relationship between the colour of the berry is correlated with the presence of *** evaluate themodel’s performance andmitigate excess fitting,a 10-fold cross-validation approach is *** involves partitioning the dataset into ten subsets,training the model on each subset,and evaluating its *** comparison to other contemporary methodologies,the model put forth achieved an accuracy of 98.56%.
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