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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： Catarina Rema Romão Santos Henrique Piqueiro Diogo Miguel Matos Paulo Moura Oliveirat Pedro Costa Manuel F. Silva Fillipe L. Ribeiro CRIIS - Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal Department of Engineering University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) Vila Real Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP) Porto Portugal ISEP Polytechnic of Porto rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida Porto Portugal JPM Industry Vale de Cambra Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9798331538606

ISBN: (纸本)9798331538613

Industry 4.0 is transforming manufacturing environments, with robotics being a key technology that enhances various capabilities. The flexibility of Autonomous Mobile Robots has led to the rise of multi-robot systems in industrial settings. Considering the high cost of these robots, it is essential to determine the best fit of number and type before making any major investments. Simulation and modeling are valuable decision-support tools, allowing the simulation of different setups to address robot fleet sizing issues. This paper introduces a decision-support framework that combines a fleet manager software stack with the FlexSim simulator, helping decision-makers determine the most suitable mobile robots fleet size tailored to their needs. Unlike previous approaches, the developed solution integrates the same real robot coordination software in both simulation and actual deployment, ensuring that tested scenarios accurately reflect real-world conditions. A case study was conducted to evaluate the framework, involving multiple tasks of loading and unloading materials within a warehouse. Five different scenarios with varying fleet sizes were simulated, and their performances assessed. The analysis concluded that, for the case study under consideration, a fleet of three robots was the most suitable, considering relevant key performance indicators. The results confirmed that the developed solution is an effective alternative for addressing the problem and represents a novel technology with no prior state-of-the-art equivalents.

关键词： Service robots Robot kinematics Decision making Dynamic scheduling Software Batteries Software reliability Resource management Mobile robots Autonomous robots

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AR/VR Digital Twin for Simulation and Data Collection of Robotic Environments

AR/VR Digital Twin for Simulation and Data Collection of Rob...

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： João G. Martins Karle Nutonen Paulo Costa Vladimir Kuts Tauno Otto Armando Sousa Marcelo R. Petry CRIIS - Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP) Porto Portugal ViruTech - Virumaa innovation center of digitalization and green technologies Taltech Virumaa College Kohtla-Jarve Estonia Department of Mechanical and Indusrial Taltech Tallinn Estonia

ISBN: (数字)9798331538606

ISBN: (纸本)9798331538613

Digital twins enable real-time modeling, simulation, and monitoring of complex systems, driving advancements in automation, robotics, and industrial applications. This study presents a large-scale digital twin-testing facility for evaluating mobile robots and pilot robotic systems in a research laboratory environment. The platform integrates high-fidelity physical and environmental models, providing a controlled yet dynamic setting for analyzing robotic behavior. A key feature of the system is its comprehensive data collection framework, capturing critical parameters such as position, orientation, and velocity, which can be leveraged for machine learning, performance optimization, and decision-making. The facility also supports the simulation of discrete operational systems, using predictive modeling to bridge informational gaps when real-time data updates are unavailable. The digital twin was validated through a matrix manufacturing system simulation, with an Augmented reality (AR) interface on the HoloLens 2 to overlay digital information onto mobile platform controllers, enhancing situational awareness. The main contributions include a digital twin framework for deploying data-driven robotic systems and three key AR/VR integration optimization methods. Demonstrated in a laboratory setting, the system is a versatile tool for research and industrial applications, fostering insights into robotic automation and digital twin scalability while reducing costs and risks associated with real-world testing.

关键词： Service robots Navigation Metaverse Databases Scalability Digital representation real-time systems Digital twins Mobile robots Robots

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ST-Booster: An Iterative SpatioTemporal Perception Booster for Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yue, Lu Zhou, Dongliang Xie, Liang Yin, Erwei Zhang, Feitian Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics the State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Defense Innovation Institute Academy of Military Sciences Beijing100071 China Tianjin Artificial Intelligence Innovation Center Tianjin300450 China Department of Computer Science Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Xili University Town Shenzhen518055 China

Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments (VLN-CE) requires agents to navigate unknown, continuous spaces based on natural language instructions. Compared to discrete settings, VLN-CE poses two core perception challenges. First, the absence of predefined observation points leads to heterogeneous visual memories and weakened global spatial correlations. Second, cumulative reconstruction errors in three-dimensional scenes introduce structural noise, impairing local feature perception. To address these challenges, this paper proposes ST-Booster, an iterative spatiotemporal booster that enhances navigation performance through multi-granularity perception and instruction-aware reasoning. ST-Booster consists of three key modules — Hierarchical SpatioTemporal Encoding (HSTE), Multi-Granularity Aligned Fusion (MGAF), and Value-Guided Waypoint Generation (VGWG). HSTE encodes long-term global memory using topological graphs and captures short-term local details via grid maps. MGAF aligns these dual-map representations with instructions through geometry-aware knowledge fusion. The resulting representations are iteratively refined through pretraining tasks. During reasoning, VGWG generates Guided Attention Heatmaps (GAHs) to explicitly model environment-instruction relevance and optimize waypoint selection. Extensive comparative experiments and performance analyses are conducted, demonstrating that ST-Booster outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, particularly in complex, disturbance-prone environments. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Empowering Leather Quality Assurance: Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks for Precise Defect Detection and Classification

Empowering Leather Quality Assurance: Leveraging Convolution...

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International Symposium on Advanced Computing and Communication (ISACC)

作者： Logeswaran K Suresh P Savitha S Swati Sah Prasanna Kumar Kr Rajadevi R Vasugi M Sujit B Akilesh T Department of Artificial Intelligence Center of Excellence in Real-Time Analytic Kongu Engineering College Erode Tamilnaud India Department of Database Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K.S.R College of Engineering Tiruchengode Tamil Nadu India School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India Department of Information Technology Kongu Engineering College Erode Tamilnaud India Department of Artificial Intelligence Kongu Engineering College Erode Tamilnaud India

ISBN: (数字)9798331523893

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523909

Ensuring the development of high-quality leather products in the industrial sector requires a strong focus on leather quality assurance. In this study, a unique method for enhancing leather quality assurance using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is presented. Our suggested solution is able to detect and classify leather defects with amazing accuracy and efficiency by utilizing deep learning. CNN integration for leather fault categorization and detection offers a more reliable and affordable solution, ensuring better product quality and satisfied customers. Existing methods for inspecting leather products often suffer from inconsistent quality control, subjective manual inspection processes, and the complexity of accurately identifying and classifying various types of leather defects. By addressing these challenges, the proposed system aims to empower leather manufacturers with a reliable and efficient solution for ensuring consistent product quality and reducing production costs. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are integrated to provide a highly automated and effective solution that overcomes these scaling challenges. The proposed CNN-based method uses deep learning algorithms to decode images, which allows the system to swiftly and precisely analyse enormous volumes of visual data. To make sure the CNN can differentiate between various defect classes and keep a low rate of false positives and false negatives, its accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score should be carefully assessed.

关键词： Deep learning Visualization Quality assurance Accuracy Quality control Product design Quality assessment Convolutional neural networks Reliability Defect detection

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Cutting Skill Assessment by Motion Analysis Using Deep Learning and Spatial Marker Tracking

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2025年第6期72卷 1963-1972页

作者： Su, Bai-Quan Ma, Xu-Dong Li, Weihan Kuang, Zi-Ao Gong, Yi Wang, Gang Zhang, Qingqian Liu, Wenyong Li, Changsheng Gao, Li Wang, Junchen Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Medical Robotics Laboratory School of Automation Beijing100876 China University of Tokyo School of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo113-0033 Japan Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science Beijing100876 China Peking University General Surgery Department Beijing100191 China Beihang University Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beijing100083 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing100081 China Peking University Department of Periodontology National Stomatological Center School and Hospital of Stomatology National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing100081 China Beihang University School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing100083 China

The assessment of surgical skill is crucial for indicating a surgeon's proficiency. While motion analysis of surgical tools is widely used in endoscopic surgery, it is not commonly applied to open surgery. Instead, open surgery skill assessment relies on observing the trajectory of surgical tools on tissue. This observation-based method often lacks clear standards, leading to inaccurate assessments. This paper presents a method for evaluating cutting skill in open surgery through scalpel motion analysis. A 3D multiple-facet ArUco code cube is designed, and a dataset of tip coordinate system poses for various scalpels in the ArUco code coordinate system (ACS) is established using the pivot calibration method. The YOLOv8 model and an image dataset of different scalpels are used to identify the scalpel type and select its tip position. The tip position is then transformed from ACS to a binocular camera coordinate system (BCS), representing the incision curve made by the scalpel. Five assessment metrics are proposed to quantify the surgeon's cutting skill: average incision curvature deviation, incision length difference, incision endpoint deviation, average incision deviation, and average cutting jerk. Experiments involving twenty expert and novice surgeons performing four common incisions (straight line, polyline, semicircle, and cross line) demonstrate the metrics' effectiveness. The metrics provide a clear, objective display of individual cutting skills, and a combined ranking reveals comparative skill levels. This study offers a precise method for evaluating surgeons' cutting skills with a scalpel in open surgery. © 1964-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Surgery

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Sensor system and powerful computer system for controlling a microrobot-based micromanipulation station

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JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING 1997年第3期7卷 256-258页

作者： Fischer, T Santa, K Fatikow, S University of Karlsruhe Department of Computer Science Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems and Robotics Kaiserstr.12/Geb. 40.28 D-76128 Karlsruhe Germany Presented on 22 October 1996 accepted for publication 8 April 1997

Mobile microrobots, which are capable of performing microscopic motions, have become a subject of great interest all over the world, They have the potential to be used for a variety of applications: in industry for assembly of microsystems or for the testing of silicon chips;in medicine for handling biological cells, etc. A new model of an automated micromanipulation station, which includes piezoelectric microrobots is now being built by an interdisciplinary research group at the University of Karlsruhe, Germany, This paper describes a sensor system and a powerful tailorable computer for controlling the micromanipulation station.

关键词： Manipulators

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The design and control of a prototype quadruped microrover

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AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS 1997年第2期4卷 211-220页

作者： Sukhatme, GS Robotics Research Laboratory Department of Computer Science Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles

We describe the design, construction and control of a quadruped robot which walks on uneven terrain. A control system which produces a statically stable gait has been implemented;results showing a straight and turning gait are presented. The control of quadruped robots poses interesting challenges due to a small stability margin (when compared to hexapods for example). For this reason most implemented systems for outdoor walking on uneven terrain have been hexapods. The system described here has the added virtue of using very few inexpensive sensors and actuators. One of the aims of this work is to build a reduced complexity (low power, low mass and direct drive) walking robot for statically stable walking. The other aim is to compare the performance of this robot with a wheeled robot roughly the same size and weight. In this paper we report on progress towards the first of these two goals using a traverse across an obstacle field as an example.

关键词： quadruped robot static stability microrover walking robot

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Range image registration for free-form surfaces using curvature information as invariance 9

Range image registration for free-form surfaces using curvat...

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9th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 1998

作者： Rieder, Markus Guir, Nicolas Dillmann, R. Department for Computer Science Institute for Real-Time Computer Control Systems and Robotics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe76128 Germany Department of Computer Architecture University of Malaga Malaga Spain

A curvature based technique for fast range image registration is described in this work. With this technique the rotation and the displacement of a surface with respect to another one is calculated. The proposed algorithm uses Gaussian curvature information from each image point to extract a number of feature points. Two bounds are applied to the curvature values. Points with these bound curvature value are classified into two classes of feature points. In order to calculate the rotation angle between the two range images, the feature points are paired. That means the angle and the distance of the point pairs have to be transformed into a general view coordinate system. In the orientation matching procedure, we compare each pairing in the first image with each possible in the second one. This process is independent of the translation calculation which is calculated in a sequencing step. This pipelining principle speeds up the registration process if correspondences are calculated constantly.

关键词： Image registration

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Priority-driven coding and transmission of progressive JPEG images for real-time applications

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Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 2007年第2期47卷 169-182页

作者： Cheng, Albert Mo Kim Shang, Feng Real-Time Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Houston Houston TX 77204-3010 United States

Since high-quality image/video systems based on the JPEG/MPEG compression standards often require power-expensive implementations at relatively high bit-rates, they have not been widely used in low-power wireless applications. To alleviate this problem, we designed, implemented, and evaluated a strategy that can adapt to different compression and transmission rates. (1) It gives important parts of an image higher priority over unimportant parts. Therefore, the high-priority parts can achieve high image quality, while the low-priority parts, with a slight sacrifice of quality, can achieve huge compression rate and thus save the power/energy of a low-power wireless system. (2) We also introduce a priority-driven scheduling approach into our coding algorithm, which makes the transmission of important parts earlier with more data than other parts. Through a balanced trade-off between the available time/bandwidth/power and the image quality, this adaptive strategy can satisfy users with desired images quality and lead to a significant reduction of the important parts' deadline misses. © Springer science+Business Media, LLC 2007.

关键词： Image coding

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Improving web server performance with adaptive proxy caching in soft real-time mobile applications

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Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 2007年第2期47卷 103-115页

作者： Cheng, Albert M. K. Zhang, Zhubin Real-time Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science University of Houston Houston TX 77204-3010 United States

This paper introduces an adaptive cache proxy to improve the performance of web access in soft real-time applications. It consists of client proxies and cooperative proxy servers with a server-side pushing schema. The large amount of heterogeneous data will be stored in the proxy servers and delivered to clients through computer networks to reduce the response time and network traffic. The adaptive proxy pre-fetches and replaces heterogeneous data dynamically in consideration of networks cost, data size, data change rate, etc. The simulation results show that the modified LUV algorithm has better performance in terms of hit rate, byte hit rate, and delay saving rate. With the cooperative proxy caching, it is shown that the performance of the proxy caching system is more predictable even if the proxies need to deal with a variety of data. The modified adaptive TTL algorithm has better performance in terms of the combination of temporal coherency and system overheads. © Springer science+Business Media, LLC 2007.

关键词： real time systems

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