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28th International Conference on Automation and Computing, ICAC 2023

作者： Dai, Zhuangzhuang Park, Jinha Kaszowska, Aleksandra Li, Chen School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston University Dept. of Computer Science Engineering and Physical Science BirminghamB4 7ET United Kingdom The Maersk Mc Kinney Moller Institute University of Southern Denmark Sdu Robotics Odense5230 Denmark Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg9220 Denmark Aalborg University The Department of Materials and Production Aalborg9220 Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335859

The advent of industrial robotics and autonomous systems endow human-robot collaboration in a massive scale. However, current industrial robots are restrained in co-working with human in close proximity due to inability of interpreting human agents' attention. Human attention study is non-trivial since it involves multiple aspects of the mind: perception, memory, problem solving, and consciousness. Human attention lapses are particularly problematic and potentially catastrophic in industrial workplace, from assembling electronics to oper-ating machines. Attention is indeed complex and cannot be easily measured with single-modality sensors. Eye state, head pose, posture, and manifold environment stimulus could all play a part in attention lapses. To this end, we propose a pipeline to annotate multimodal dataset of human attention tracking, including eye tracking, fixation detection, third-person surveil-lance camera, and sound. We produce a pilot dataset containing two fully annotated phone assembly sequences in a realistic manufacturing environment. We evaluate existing fatigue and drowsiness prediction methods for attention lapse detection. Experimental results show that human attention lapses in production scenarios are more subtle and imperceptible than well-studied fatigue and drowsiness. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Eye tracking

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Allocation and Migration of Virtual Machines Using Machine Learning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 3349-3364页

作者： Suruchi Talwani Khaled Alhazmi Jimmy Singla Hasan JAlyamani Ali Kashif Bashir School of Computer Science&Engg. Lovely Professional UniversityPunjabIndia National Center for Robotics and Internet of Things Technology Communication and Information Technology Research InstituteKing Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)Riyadh11442Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in RabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics ManchesterMetropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK

Cloud computing promises the advent of a new era of service boosted by means of virtualization *** process of virtualization means creation of virtual infrastructure,devices,servers and computing resources needed to deploy an application *** extensively practiced technology involves selecting an efficient Virtual Machine(VM)to complete the task by transferring applications from Physical Machines(PM)to VM or from VM to *** whole process is very challenging not only in terms of computation but also in terms of energy and *** research paper presents an energy aware VM allocation and migration approach to meet the challenges faced by the growing number of cloud data *** Learning(ML)based Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)is used to rank the VM with respect to the load while considering the energy efficiency as a crucial *** most efficient virtual machines are further selected and thus depending on the dynamics of the load and energy,applications are migrated fromoneVMto *** simulation analysis is performed inMatlab and it shows that this research work results in more reduction in energy consumption as compared to existing studies.

关键词： Cloud computing VM allocation VM migration machine learning

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Online Learning in Blockchain-based Energy Trading systems 24

Online Learning in Blockchain-based Energy Trading Systems

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2024 International Symposium on Theory, Algorithmic Foundations, and Protocol Design for Mobile Networks and Mobile Computing, MobiHoc 2024

作者： Liu, Yunshu Cheung, Man Hon Huang, Jianwei Pillar of Engineering Systems and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Crowd Intelligence Empowered Low-Carbon Energy Network CSIJRI Joint Research Centre on Smart Energy Storage The Chinese University of HongKong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705212

In this paper, we consider a blockchain-based energy trading (BBET) system with the proof-of-stake (PoS) protocol. The system designer aims to minimize system cost by considering the prosumers’ strategic token allocation between blockchain staking and energy purchase for their applications. This is challenging as the system designer does not know prosumers’ private information of impatience levels towards different applications. To this end, we propose an online learning mechanism (OLM), which includes incentive mechanisms to guide both prosumers’ private information reporting and staking decisions in two phases. In the exploration phase, we design a randomized staking reward to encourage prosumers’ truthful reporting of their private information for the learning of impatience level distributions. Based on the threshold structure of the prosumers’ equilibrium staking strategies, in the exploitation phase, we propose a learning-error-based reward to minimize the system cost considering the finite-sample bias. By characterizing the optimal exploration duration, we prove that OLM achieves an asymptotic zero-regret against the complete information benchmark, with the regret bounded by O(3√lnT/T) when operating for T time slots. We implement the corresponding smart contract in Ethereum to demonstrate the feasibility of our approach. Experiment results show that our mechanism reduces regret by an average of 74% compared to the state-of-art mechanism. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Blockchain

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Human-Robot Pose Tracking Based on CNN with Color and Geometry Aggregation 16th

Human-Robot Pose Tracking Based on CNN with Color and Geo...

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16th International Conference on Social robotics, ICSR + InnoBiz 2024

作者： Xu, Yue Zhang, Yinlong Liu, Shuai Liu, Yuanhao Liang, Wei He, Hongsheng Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang110020 China Guangzhou Institute of Industrial Intelligence Guangzhou511458 China State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Key Laboratory of Networked Control Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Computer Science The University of Alabama TuscaloosaAL35487 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789819611508

Accurately tracking the robotic arm and human joints is crucial to ensure safety during human-robot interaction. However, traditional pose tracking methods often exhibit insufficient performance and robustness in complex environments. The variations in the robotic arm’s environment and posture make it challenging for traditional methods to accurately capture the positions and posture of its joints. Specifically, when addressing challenges such as high similarity, occlusion, background complexity, and joint recognition failures, they often struggle to provide reliable and accurate results. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a human-robot pose tracking algorithm based on a new convolutional neural network model. To enhance detection accuracy, an improved color detection module is introduced to resolve joint misclassification. A geometric perception module is designed to accurately locate joints even under occlusion. Additionally, innovative iEMA and DBB modules are incorporated. The iEMA module employs edge detection technology to dynamically adjust thresholds for correct matching by improving the edge matching process. The DBB module refines the boundary box parameters for precise localization by introducing adaptive bounding box updates in real-time. This algorithm also integrates human pose recognition, enabling real-time pose recognition, thereby facilitating more intelligent and natural human-robot interaction. The algorithm has been rigorously evaluated on a custom-designed robotic arm platform. Experimental results validate the algorithm’s effectiveness and feasibility. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Safe Multiagent Coordination via Entropic Exploration

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Aydeniz, Ayhan Alp Marchesini, Enrico Loftin, Robert Amato, Christopher Tumer, Kagan Khoury College of Computer Sciences Northeastern University BostonMA United States Laboratory for Information & Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Collaborative Robotics and Intelligent Systems Institute Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States

Many real-world multiagent learning problems involve safety concerns. In these setups, typical safe reinforcement learning algorithms constrain agents’ behavior, limiting exploration—a crucial component for discovering effective cooperative multiagent behaviors. Moreover, the multiagent literature typically models individual constraints for each agent and has yet to investigate the benefits of using joint (team) constraints. In this work, we analyze these team constraints from a theoretical and practical perspective and propose entropic exploration for constrained multiagent reinforcement learning (E2C) to address the exploration issue. E2C leverages observation entropy maximization to incentivize exploration and facilitate learning safe and effective cooperative behaviors. Experiments across increasingly complex domains show that E2C agents match or surpass common unconstrained and constrained baselines in task performance while reducing unsafe behaviors by up to 50%. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Empowering Leather Quality Assurance: Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks for Precise Defect Detection and Classification 3

Empowering Leather Quality Assurance: Leveraging Convolution...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent systems, Advanced Computing, and Communication, ISACC 2025

作者： Logeswaran, K. Suresh, P. Savitha, S. Sah, Swati Kr, Prasanna Kumar Rajadevi, R. Vasugi, M. Sujit, B. Akilesh, T. Kongu Engineering College Center of Excellence in Real-Time Analytic Department of Artificial Intelligence Tamilnaud Erode India Vellore Institute of Technology Department of Database Systems Tamil Nadu Vellore India K.S.R College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Tiruchengode India Sharda University School of Engineering and Technology Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Kongu Engineering College Department of Information Technology Tamilnaud Erode India Kongu Engineering College Department of Artificial Intelligence Tamilnaud Erode India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523893

Ensuring the development of high-quality leather products in the industrial sector requires a strong focus on leather quality assurance. In this study, a unique method for enhancing leather quality assurance using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is presented. Our suggested solution is able to detect and classify leather defects with amazing accuracy and efficiency by utilizing deep learning. CNN integration for leather fault categorization and detection offers a more reliable and affordable solution, ensuring better product quality and satisfied customers. Existing methods for inspecting leather products often suffer from inconsistent quality control, subjective manual inspection processes, and the complexity of accurately identifying and classifying various types of leather defects. By addressing these challenges, the proposed system aims to empower leather manufacturers with a reliable and efficient solution for ensuring consistent product quality and reducing production costs. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are integrated to provide a highly automated and effective solution that overcomes these scaling challenges. The proposed CNN-based method uses deep learning algorithms to decode images, which allows the system to swiftly and precisely analyse enormous volumes of visual data. To make sure the CNN can differentiate between various defect classes and keep a low rate of false positives and false negatives, its accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score should be carefully assessed. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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iMTSP: Solving Min-Max Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem with Imperative Learning

iMTSP: Solving Min-Max Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem w...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Yifan Guo Zhongqiang Ren Chen Wang Flight Dynamics & Control/Hybrid Systems Lab Purdue University West Lafayette IN Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Spatial AI & Robotics (SAIR) Lab University at Buffalo NY USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

This paper considers a Min-Max Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (MTSP), where the goal is to find a set of tours, one for each agent, to collectively visit all the cities while minimizing the length of the longest tour. Though MTSP has been widely studied, obtaining near-optimal solutions for large-scale problems is still challenging due to its NP-hardness. Recent efforts in data-driven methods face challenges of the need for hard-to-obtain supervision and issues with high variance in gradient estimations, leading to slow convergence and highly sub-optimal solutions. We address these issues by reformulating MTSP as a bilevel optimization problem, using the concept of imperative learning (IL). This involves introducing an allocation network that decomposes the MTSP into multiple single-agent traveling salesman problems (TSPs). The longest tour from these TSP solutions is then used to self-supervise the allocation network, resulting in a new self-supervised, bilevel, end-to-end learning framework, which we refer to as imperative MTSP (iMTSP). Additionally, to tackle the high-variance gradient issues during the optimization, we introduce a control variate-based gradient estimation algorithm. Our experiments showed that these innovative designs enable our gradient estimator to converge 20× faster than the advanced reinforcement learning baseline, and find up to 80% shorter tour length compared with Google OR-Tools MTSP solver, especially in large-scale problems (e.g. 1000 cities and 15 agents).

关键词： Urban areas Estimation Reinforcement learning Traveling salesman problems Internet Resource management Optimization Intelligent robots Faces Convergence

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MovieChat+: Question-aware Sparse Memory for Long Video Question Answering

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Song, Enxin Chai, Wenhao Ye, Tian Hwang, Jenq-Neng Li, Xi Wang, Gaoang Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute Zhejiang University China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Washington United States Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China The College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University China

Recently, integrating video foundation models and large language models to build a video understanding system can overcome the limitations of specific pre-defined vision tasks. Yet, existing methods either employ complex spatial-temporal modules or rely heavily on additional perception models to extract temporal features for video understanding, and they only perform well on short videos. For long videos, the computational complexity and memory costs associated with long-term temporal connections are significantly increased, posing additional challenges. Taking advantage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model, with tokens in Transformers being employed as the carriers of memory in combination with our specially designed memory mechanism, we propose MovieChat to overcome these challenges. We lift pre-trained multi-modal large language models for understanding long videos without incorporating additional trainable temporal modules, employing a zero-shot approach. Additionally, in our new version, MovieChat+, we design an enhanced vision-question matching-based memory consolidation mechanism to more significantly anchor the predictions of the visual language models in the relevant visual content. MovieChat achieves state-of-the-art performance in long video understanding, along with the released MovieChat-1K benchmark with 1K long video, 2K temporal grounding labels, and 14K manual annotations for validation of the effectiveness of our method. The code along with the dataset can be accessed via the following link. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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A Robotic Framework for the Robot@Factory 4.0 Competition

A Robotic Framework for the Robot@Factory 4.0 Competition

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： Ricardo B. Sousa Cláudia D. Rocha João G. Martins João Pedro Costa João Tomás Padrão José Maria Sarmento José Pedro Carvalho Maria S. Lopes Paulo G. Costa António Paulo Moreira Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP) Porto Portugal CRIIS - Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) Vila Real Portugal C2SR - Cyber-Physical Control Systems and Robotics SYSTEC - Research Center for Systems and Technologies Porto Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9798350352344

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352351

Robotic competitions stand as platforms to propel the forefront of robotics research while nurturing STEM education, serving as hubs of both applied research and scientific innovation. In Portugal, the Portuguese robotics Open (FNR) is an event with several robotic competitions, including the Robot@Factory 4.0 competition. This competition presents an example of deploying autonomous robots on a factory shop floor. Although the literature has works proposing frameworks for the original version of the Robot@Factory competition, none of them proposes a system framework for the Robot@Factory 4.0 version that presents the hardware, firmware, and software to complete the competition and achieve autonomous navigation. This paper proposes a complete robotic framework for the Robot@Factory 4.0 competition that is modular and open-access, enabling future participants to use and improve it in future editions. This work is the culmination of all the knowledge acquired by winning the 2022 and 2023 editions of the competition.

关键词： Technological innovation Education Propulsion Production facilities Software Hardware Autonomous robots

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Spiking neural networks: Towards bio-inspired multimodal perception in robotics

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Oikonomou, Katerina Maria Balaska, Vasiliki Tsintotas, Konstantinos A. Mavridis, Christos N. Kansizoglou, Ioannis Gasteratos, Antonios The Department of Production and Management Engineering Laboratory of Robotics and Automation Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi Greece The Department of Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have captured apparent interest over the recent years, stemming from neuroscience and reaching the field of artificial intelligence. However, due to their nature SNNs remain far behind in achieving the exceptional performance of deep neural networks (DNNs). As a result, many scholars are exploring ways to enhance SNNs by using learning techniques from DNNs. While this approach has been proven to achieve considerable improvements in SNN performance, we propose another perspective: enhancing the biological plausibility of the models to leverage the advantages of SNNs fully. Our approach aims to propose a brain-like combination of audio-visual signal processing for recognition tasks, intended to succeed in more bio-plausible human-robot interaction applications. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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