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Securing Drug Traceability: Blockchain-Enhanced Privacy Protection and Anti-Counterfeit Measures in Pharmaceutical Supply Chains

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation 2025年第3期20卷 1-21页

作者： Kalpana, R. Sridevi, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering VELS Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS) Chennai India

Background : The pharmaceutical sector is under severe threat in ensuring the genuineness of drugs and securing sensitive information throughout the supply chain. Conventional security measures tend to be ineffective in addressing these issues comprehensively, resulting in weaknesses like counterfeit medicines and illegitimate access to data. Objective : This research suggests an integrated, state-of-the-art security system to provide improved data protection, encryption effectiveness, and supply chain integrity in the pharmaceutical industry. Methods : The suggested framework utilizes Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) in conjunction with QR code technology for secure, fine-grained data encryption. For the optimization of encryption key selection, a hybrid optimization method combining Red Panda Optimization (RPO) Algorithm and Group Teaching Optimization Algorithm (GTOA) is proposed. Additionally, Multi-Party Computation (MPC) protocols and Shamir’s Secret Sharing scheme are used to guarantee that only legitimate parties can reconstruct and view important data, maintaining confidentiality and integrity. Results : Performance testing shows that the framework proposed performs better than traditional cryptos. Encryption time registered was at 0.21234 seconds, which was quicker than RSA (0.308372) and 3DES (0.36462). Decryption took 0.22112 seconds, which was faster than RSA’s 0.312773. Total turnaround time was cut to 0.431231 seconds, which was far superior to Blowfish at 0.52356 seconds. The system also attained a restoration efficiency level of 0.987453, ahead of RSA at 0.92133 and Blowfish at 0.94109. Conclusion : The security model offers a secure and feasible solution for end-to-end data protection and prevention of tampering and unauthorized access in the pharma supply chain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Blockchain Counterfeit drugs Drug traceability Key generation Optimization Privacy Security

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Multi-Scale Time Series Segmentation Network Based on Eddy Current Testing for Detecting Surface Metal Defects

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第3期12卷 528-538页

作者： Xiaorui Li Xiaojuan Ban Haoran Qiao Zhaolin Yuan Hong-Ning Dai Chao Yao Yu Guo Mohammad S.Obaidat George Q.Huang the School of Intelligence Science and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bionic Unmanned Systems and the Institute of Materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of Materials IEEE the Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University the School of Computer and Communication Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing the School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing the King Abdullah Ⅱ School of Information Technology The University of Jordan the Department of Computational Intelligence the School of Computing SRM University the School of Engineering The Amity University The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

In high-risk industrial environments like nuclear power plants, precise defect identification and localization are essential for maintaining production stability and safety. However, the complexity of such a harsh environment leads to significant variations in the shape and size of the defects. To address this challenge, we propose the multivariate time series segmentation network(MSSN), which adopts a multiscale convolutional network with multi-stage and depth-separable convolutions for efficient feature extraction through variable-length templates. To tackle the classification difficulty caused by structural signal variance, MSSN employs logarithmic normalization to adjust instance distributions. Furthermore, it integrates classification with smoothing loss functions to accurately identify defect segments amid similar structural and defect signal subsequences. Our algorithm evaluated on both the Mackey-Glass dataset and industrial dataset achieves over 95% localization and demonstrates the capture capability on the synthetic dataset. In a nuclear plant's heat transfer tube dataset, it captures 90% of defect instances with75% middle localization F1 score.

关键词： Eddy current testing nondestructive testing semantic segmentation time series analysis

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A Two-Stage Deep Learning Approach for Optimizing Fashion Product Recommendations

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SN computer science 2025年第4期6卷 1-13页

作者： Buradagunta, Suvarna Balakrishna, Sivadi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research Guntur India Department of Advanced Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research Guntur India

Online shopping platforms are experiencing rapid growth, necessitating effective product recommendation systems to enhance customer satisfaction by recommending visually similar products. Traditional statistical techniques often result in less accurate recommendations. This study encompasses two primary tasks: Query Product Classification and Product Recommendation Retrieval. The initial job employs a Deep Neural Network, which takes high-level feature representations derived from the Xception and VGG16 for the query image. The features are further analyzed to forecast the category of the product. The second step is retrieving analogous products by calculating cosine similarity, facilitating the identification of visually comparable items within the product database. By leveraging diverse feature representations, the proposed approach improves the precision and relevance of recommendations. Experimental evaluations on fashion product images and Shoe datasets demonstrate significant performance improvements over existing models, achieving accuracies of 91.76%, and 82.23% respectively. These results underscore the capability of the system to provide superior recommendations in online fashion shopping scenarios, emphasizing its effectiveness in improving customer experience. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Content-based recommendation Image based recommendation system Pretrained models Recommendation systems VGG-16 Visual product recommendation Xception

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Joint V2V Group Association and Transmission Power Control in Federated Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 18167-18182页

作者： Liu, Su Guan, Peiyuan Li, Yushuai Li, Tianyi Zolfagharian, Zolaikha Yu, Jiong Huang, Tingwen Xinjiang University School of Computer Science and Technology Urumqi830046 China University of Oslo Department of Informatics Oslo0316 Norway Aalborg University Department of Computer Science Aalborg9220 Denmark University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iran Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

With growing awareness of privacy protection, Federated Learning (FL) in vehicular network scenarios effectively addresses privacy concerns, leading to the development of Federated Vehicular Networks (FVN). In FVN, vehicles maintain a global model by transmitting local models and iterative processing, resulting in significant communication overhead. In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), as the majority of the spectrum resources are allocated to Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicles engaged in FL encounter uplink interference when these resources are reused. This compromises the efficacy of FL vehicle communication. To address this issue, we propose FedCDC, a new Federated learning framework with adaptive weight Clustering with knowledge Distillation and Channel sharing-based resource allocation. First, we implement a communication compression strategy based on clustering and distillation to alleviate transmission load. Then, we develop a resource allocation strategy to maximize the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) for both FL vehicles and V2V groups, which investigates two critical components: channel pairing and power coordination. We formulate the optimization issue as a multi-objective optimization problem that is solved offline using the MIDACO solver. Due to the dynamic characteristics of FVN, we employ a Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG) to enhance efficiency. Finally, extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach significantly reduces data transmission and offers an efficient resource coordination plan, thus improving FL communication efficiency and ensuring the Quality of Service (QoS) for both V2V groups and FL vehicles. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection based on multiwalled carbon nanotube/molybdenum disulfide quantum dots with machine learning integration and anti-interference capability

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 137-151页

作者： Geethukrishnan Onkar Apte Kiran Kumar Tadi Energy Electrodics and Electrocatalysis (EEE) Lab Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology

The precise detection and measurement of dopamine（DA）,a crucial neurotransmitter in the human body,plays a significant role in diagnosing,preventing,and treating neurological diseases associated with its levels.A highly sensitive DA electrochemical sensor was constructed by combining molybdenum disulfide quantum dots（MSQDs） with multiwalled carbon nanotubes（MWCNTs）.The MSQDs were synthesized using the shear exfoliation *** sensors consist of MSQDs with Mo-S edge catalytic centers for the DA redox reaction,and MWCNTs amplify the sensor *** linearity of the sensor for the detection of DA was tested in the presence of ascorbic acid(AA,50 μmol·L-1) and uric acid(UA,200 μmol·L-1),and exhibited linearity from 2 to 966 μmol·L-1of DA with 0.097 μA(mol·L-1)-1sensitivity and a low limit of detection of0.6 μmol·L-1（the ratio between signal and noise,S/N=3）.Moreover,the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor were also studied using *** is no increase in amperometric current after adding the most potentially interfering *** sensor was successfully applied to recover DA in human blood sera ***,machine learning algorithms were operated to aid in the near-precise detection of DA in the heterogeneous mixture containing AA and *** algorithms facilitate the identification and quantification of DA amidst coexisting interferents,including AA,that are commonly present in biological matrices.

关键词： Dopamine MoS_2 Biosensor Multiwalled carbon nanotubes Machine learning Complex mixture

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Cyber Attack Detection Using Deep Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning with Beth Dataset

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SN computer science 2025年第5期6卷 1-16页

作者： Manikandan, A. Rajan, S. Deepa Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies VISTAS Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The Internet of Things (IoT) transforms connectivity, enabling devices to share data seamlessly via the cloud or wireless networks. However, IoT systems remain vulnerable to sophisticated cyberattacks, and traditional detection methods often fail due to inadequate fine-tuning and ineffective feature extraction. This study addresses these challenges by proposing a novel cyberattack detection framework based on deep multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). The framework employs the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm to enhance the adaptive capabilities of multiple agents within an IoT network environment. A newly curated dataset, BETH, is introduced, encompassing diverse cyberattack scenarios specifically designed for training and evaluating MARL-based systems. Through deep reinforcement learning, the framework autonomously learns to detect and mitigate known and emerging threats. To assess the robustness and generalizability of the proposed model, a fivefold cross-validation process was conducted. Experimental results reveal that the proposed approach achieves an exceptional detection accuracy of 99.95%, demonstrating its ability to adapt to dynamic attack patterns while minimizing error rates. The findings highlight the framework’s potential to improve network security significantly, advancing the field of intelligent, autonomous cyber defence for IoT systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Anomaly detection agents (ADA) BETH dataset Collaboration and communication buffer (CCB) Cyber-attack detection Deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm Internet of Things (IoT) Intrusion detection agents (IDA) Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL)

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An Enhanced Detection System of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Thermal Imaging and Deep Learning

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SN computer science 2025年第2期6卷 1-11页

作者： Jegan Amarnath, J. Meera, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS) Pallavaram Tamil Nadu Chennai 600117 India

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a brain-based condition characterized by social difficulties and repetitive behaviors. Traditional diagnostic methods can be subjective and time-consuming. Current diagnostic techniques for ASD often rely on behavioral assessments and clinical observations, which can be inconsistent and prone to subjectivity. Additionally, there is a need for more reliable and objective methods to differentiate between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Existing imaging techniques require further refinement to improve accuracy and efficiency in detecting ASD. The primary objective of this research is to develop and evaluate an enhanced detection system for ASD using thermal imaging and Improved Mask Faster Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network (IMFRCNN). This research focuses on enhancing the detection of ASD using Deep Learning (DL) methods and thermal imaging. Traditional diagnostic techniques for ASD often rely on subjective behavioral assessments, highlighting the need for more reliable methods. By examining cerebral imaging data from the thermal face image datasets collect facial thermal images using thermal cameras. Ensure the dataset is diverse, including varying expressions and environmental conditions. The study compares the effectiveness of IMFRCNN and the ResNet 50 system in classifying thermal images of 50 autistic and 50 non-autistic individuals. Emotions were evoked using audio-visual stimuli, and temperature variations in facial areas such as the nose, forehead, cheek, and eyes were measured. Anger showed the greatest temperature differences, with a 12.6% variation between autistic and non-autistic individuals. The IMFRCNN achieved a reliability of 96%, while the ResNet 50 achieved 90%. These findings indicate that computer-aided assessment techniques utilizing thermal imaging and DL can provide a consistent and objective method for identifying individuals with ASD. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Sing

关键词： Deep learning algorithms Diagnostic tool Improved mask faster recurrent convolutional neural network Performance measures

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Buffer and Splitter Insertion for Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Circuits

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第3期44卷 975-988页

作者： Fu, Rongliang Wang, Mengmeng Kan, Yirong Chen, Olivia Yoshikawa, Nobuyuki Yu, Bei Ho, Tsung-Yi The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong Yokohama National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama240-8501 Japan Nara Institute of Science and Technology Division of Information Science Nara630-0192 Japan Kyushu University Department of Advanced Information Technology Fukuoka819-0395 Japan

The extremely low-bit energy characteristic of the adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) circuit makes it a promising candidate for highly energy-efficient computing systems. However, in contrast with conventional circuit design, general logic synthesis tools can not make sure that the circuit functionality of generated AQFP circuits is correct. AQFP circuits require buffer and splitter insertion for dataflow synchronization at all clock phases of the circuit and multifan-out driving. Notably, buffers and splitters inserted take up much area and delay in AQFP circuits, also causing a significant increase in energy dissipation. To address this problem, this article analyses in detail why buffer and splitter insertion is necessary for AQFP circuits and proposes a global optimization framework for this purpose. This framework consists of three parts: 1) logic level assignment;2) splitter tree generation;and 3) buffer insertion. An integer linear programming algorithm is proposed for the logic level assignment to estimate the globally optimal number of inserted buffers and splitters. Subsequently, a dynamic programming-based multiway search tree generation algorithm is proposed to construct an optimal splitter tree for each net of the input circuit. Moreover, three optimization strategies are proposed to further enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of our framework. Experimental results on ISCAS'85 and EPFL benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed framework compared with the state-of-the-art, particularly with significant advantages on large circuits. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Global optimization

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Beamforming and Reflection Design for Short Packet ISAC With Non-Ideal RIS: An A3C-Based Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8379-8384页

作者： Mahmoudi, Behrad Khonsari, Ahmad Zeinali, Farshad Mili, Mohammad Robat Mashhadi, Mahdi Boloursaz Xiao, Pei University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran School of Computer Science in the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran United Kingdom Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions Tehran Iran

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising solution to mitigate the increasing congestion of the wireless spectrum. In this paper, we investigate the short packet communication regime within an ISAC system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to meet the low latency ultra-reliable requirements in the next-generation wireless networks. We consider a non-ideal RIS model that captures effects of the phase-dependent amplitude variations in the reflection coefficients, and we have incorporated the near-field model into the channels between the RIS and the users or targets. In this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming and the RIS phase shifts to maximize the sum rate while satisfying the sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement. The system simultaneously carries out multitarget sensing and multi-user short packet communications with the help of the RIS. Considering the non-convex and dynamic nature of the resulting optimization problem, we propose an asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) based method for beamforming and reflection design in this setup. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over the benchmarks. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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Detection of lung and colon cancer from histopathological images using deep learning 4th

Detection of lung and colon cancer from histopathological im...

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4th International Conference on Computational Methods in science and Technology, ICCMST 2024

作者： Yadav, Vikas Singh, Jagrati Department of Computer Science and Engineering Centre for Advanced Studies Uttar Pradesh Lucknow India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9781032911571

Lung cancer is the most life-threatening cancer worldwide, emphasizing the critical importance of its timely detection and treatment for patient recovery. Colon cancer is also a very hazardous cancer if not treated timely because of its diagnosis at later stage. The cornerstone of diagnosis for these cancers relies on histopathological images obtained from biopsied tissues in potentially affected lung and colon regions. However, accurately and efficiently diagnosing specific types of lung and colon cancer presents challenges, consuming valuable time in the process. Diagnostic modalities have also evolved significantly, with the integration of advanced imaging techniques, liquid biopsy, and molecular profiling contributing to more accurate and personalized diagnosis. Additionally, advancements in radiomics and artificial intelligence have shown promise in improving the efficiency and precision of these types of cancer detection. In response to these challenges, Convolutional networks (CNNs) have emerged as a promising solution. In this paper, CNN model is used for prediction of above-stated two types of cancers which has demonstrated remarkable results, achieving accuracy of 99.27%. © 2025 the Author(s).

关键词： Lung cancer

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