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Enhancing Plant Leaf Disease Prediction Through advanced Deep Feature Representations: A Transfer Learning Approach

Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2024年第3期105卷 469-482页

作者： Naralasetti, Veeranjaneyulu Bodapati, Jyostna Devi Department of Information Technology Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research Guntur India Department of Advanced Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research Guntur India

Plant diseases present a considerable threat to the farming industry, causing significant economic losses by reducing crop yields. The emergence of deep neural network models in the realm of computer vision has brought about a groundbreaking transformation in the swift recognition and surveillance of plant diseases. In this study, we introduce an innovative approach for plant disease prediction, leveraging transfer learning techniques to enable accurate and early detection of plant diseases. The proposed leaf disease prediction framework encompasses multiple key stages, including preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and postprocessing. Notably, our model excels at feature extraction, utilizing the pre-trained convolutional architecture of VGG16 to extract valuable information from leaf images. These features are then fed into a deep neural network model designed for disease prediction. The feature extraction method employed in our approach excels at capturing intricate disease-related details from plant images. When the deep features extracted are utilized for classification using our proposed classifier, the outcome demonstrates a substantial enhancement in disease prediction performance. Based on extensive experimentation with the benchmark plant village dataset, it is evident that our transfer learning-based approach outperforms existing methods, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of 96.56%. Besides accuracy, the proposed approach surpasses F1_score and Kappa scores for the benchmark plant village dataset. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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Analysis of deep actor-critic methods for classifying cancer subtypes through gene expression

International Journal of Systematic Innovation

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International Journal of Systematic Innovation 2024年第4期8卷 46-66页

作者： Jayakrishnan, R. Meera, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The word “cancer” denotes a syndromes that can spread to various bodily areas and are brought on by abnormal cell proliferation. After cardiovascular illnesses, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO), cancer is the second largest cause of death in the world. To better understand molecular processes behind various cancer subdivisions, cancer categorization depends on gene expression information is essential. Conventional machine learning methods have proven helpful in this situation, but new approaches are needed for accurate and understandable categorisation due to the difficulty and dimensionality of gene expression datasets. In this article, we analyse various methods for multiclass categorising cancer subtypes using deep structured reinforcement learning (DSRL). Our methodology addresses several significant issues in cancer subtype classification by combining the strength of deep neural networks with reinforcement learning. In this research, seven different gene expression datasets are utilised to classify the cancer subtype. We also used different classification approaches in Python for the same dataset to perform a comparative study. Deep reinforcement learning for cancer subtype classification improves the accuracy of gene expression data by integrating intricate data patterns, enabling customised therapies, and expanding the field of precision medicine research. The analysis reveals that the newly suggested model exceeds the contemporary state-of-the-art classifiers, achieving the highest accuracy across all seven datasets, ranging from 55% to 100%, while attaining the lowest loss, which varies between 0.02 and 0.11. This work offers a viable method for classifying cancer subtypes into many categories using gene expression data. © (2024), (Society of Sytematic Innovation). All rights reserved.

关键词： Cancer subtypes Deep neural networks Deep-learning Gene expression Machine-learning Reinforcement learning

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Artificial visual perception neural system using a solution-processable MoS_(2)-based in-memory light sensor

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Light(science & Applications) 2023年第8期12卷 1583-1594页

作者： Dayanand Kumar Lana Joharji Hanrui Li Ayman Rezk Ammar Nayfeh Nazek El-Atab Smart Advanced Memory Devices and Applications(SAMA)LaboratoryElectrical and Computer Engineering ProgramComputer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi 127788United Arab Emirates

Optoelectronic devices are advantageous in in-memory light sensing for visual information processing,recognition,and storage in an energy-efficient ***,in-memory light sensors have been proposed to improve the energy,area,and time efficiencies of neuromorphic computing *** study is primarily focused on the development of a single sensing-storage-processing node based on a two-terminal solution-processable MoS2 metal-oxide-semiconductor(MOS)charge-trapping memory structure—the basic structure for charge-coupled devices(CCD)—and showing its suitability for in-memory light sensing and artificial visual *** memory window of the device increased from 2.8 V to more than 6V when the device was irradiated with optical lights of different wavelengths during the program ***,the charge retention capability of the device at a high temperature(100 ℃)was enhanced from 36 to 64%when exposed to a light wavelength of 400 *** larger shift in the threshold voltage with an increasing operating voltage confirmed that more charges were trapped at the Al_(2)O_(3)/MoS_(2) interface and in the MoS_(2) layer.A small convolutional neural network was proposed to measure the optical sensing and electrical programming abilities of the *** array simulation received optical images transmitted using a blue light wavelength and performed inference computation to process and recognize the images with 91%*** study is a significant step toward the development of optoelectronic MOS memory devices for neuromorphic visual perception,adaptive parallel processing networks for in-memory light sensing,and smart CCD cameras with artificial visual perception capabilities.

关键词： visual neural process

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Introduction to the Special Issue on the Bottleneck of Blockchain Techniques Scalability,Security and Privacy Protection

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第12期141卷 1933-1937页

作者： Shen Su Daojing He Neeraj Kumar Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen518055China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala147004India

Blockchain technology has been extensively studied over the past decade as a foundation for decentralized information-sharing platforms due to its promising *** the success of existing blockchain architectures like Bitcoin,Ethereum,Filecoin,Hyperledger Fabric,BCOS,and BCS,current blockchain applications are still quite *** struggles with scenarios requiring high-speed transactions(e.g.,online markets)or large data storage(e.g.,video services)due to consensus efficiency *** restrictions pose risks to investors in blockchain-based economic systems(e.g.,DeFi),deterring current and potential *** protection challenges make it difficult to involve sensitive data in blockchain applications.

关键词： services Ether limitations

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Advancements in Speech Recognition: Exploring Feature Extraction Techniques for Enhanced Accuracy and Human-Machine Communication 4

Advancements in Speech Recognition: Exploring Feature Extrac...

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4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies, ICAECT 2024

作者： Bhavani, R. Kathirvelu, Kalaivani Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343670

Speech Recognition (SR), for all diverse languages, is still a big challenge. SR is predominantly used in telecommunication, medical documentation, car control, aviation, etc. SR involves breaking down an audio signal of spoken words into discrete units and then matching those units to words in a language model. The main target of SR is to attain healthier verbal communication amid humans and machines. Therefore, it is a good technology of the human-machine crossing point. The SR uses the Feature Extraction (FE) techniques for better accuracy. In this paper, various techniques for FE are discussed, and an overview is provided to assist in selecting the most suitable technique for achieving higher accuracy. The review highlights the importance of developing more accurate and robust SR systems to improve the user experience in various domains. Overall, it provides the manuscript deals with five different techniques, and among them, the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) technique was found to exhibit a high level of accuracy. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： feature extraction Signal processing Signals Sound Speech recognition

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Rotten and Fresh Fruits Classification using Deep Learning 5

Rotten and Fresh Fruits Classification using Deep Learning

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5th IEEE International Conference on Computing, Power, and Communication Technologies, IC2PCT 2024

作者： Mishra, Prashant Kumar Singh, Jagrati Centre for Advanced Studies Aktu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lucknow India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383522

Accurate and timely classification of fresh and decaying fruits is crucial for upholding quality standards in the food industry. This study introduces a deep learning approach that utilizes images to distinguish between fresh and rotten fruits. The proposed solution effectively addresses this classification challenge by control the capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks. In this research a diverse dataset is used, comprising labeled images of various fruits in varying states of freshness, encompassing both rotten and fresh examples. Key preprocessing steps, including resizing and normalizing the dataset, is implemented to ensure that the model receives a uniform input. The core of the methodology involves initializing a pre-trained CNN architecture. This approach enables the adaptation of the pretrained model to the specific fruit classification task, ultimately providing an efficient and effective solution for quality control in the food sector. Through the utilization of this approach, our model can inherit valuable feature representations from its pretrained counterpart. To evaluate the performance of the trained model, a distinct test dataset is employed and the results encompass key measurements of performance. With an impressive accuracy of 97.5%, the proposed model outperforms the base paper, which achieves 96.05%. This advancement highlights the model's proficiency in distinguishing between fresh and rotten fruits, underscoring its practical effectiveness. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Networks KNN Rotten and Fresh Fruits Classification VGG16

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Role of Artificial Intelligence for Noninvasive Height Measurement Applications: A Survey 7

Role of Artificial Intelligence for Noninvasive Height Measu...

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7th IEEE Pune Section International Conference, PuneCon 2024

作者： Ruchitha, Inaganti Dhavale, Sunita Defence Institute of Advanced Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527822

Height measurement is crucial across various domains including healthcare, ergonomics, security, and forensic analysis. Traditional methods, such as stadiometers, often require cooperation from the subject and can be intrusive, posing significant challenges especially with children, the elderly, or individuals with disabilities. This survey paper addresses the growing need for artificial intelligence (AI) based noninvasive, automated height measurement techniques that can effectively estimate height without physical interaction. In this paper, we examined different state of the art methodologies for height measurement application area, including AI, computer vision (CV), deep learning (DL), depth imaging, and 3D laser scanning. While 3D scanning and depth imaging methodologies provide precise measurements, but they require specialized equipments which leads to additional costs for implementation. Recently, DL and advanced CV models have shown great accuracy in height estimation. Promising solutions for uncooperative subjects can be found by utilizing facial recognition and anatomical traits, and incorporating biometric parameters which can improve prediction accuracy. Despite these advancements, challenges remain with methods requiring multiple images or additional equipment, underscoring the need for more practical and user-friendly solutions. This survey highlights the necessity for tailored approaches to address specific measurement challenges and proposes guidelines for future studies to improve efficiency of noninvasive height estimation technologies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Laser applications

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Buffer and Splitter Insertion for Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Circuits

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第3期44卷 975-988页

作者： Fu, Rongliang Wang, Mengmeng Kan, Yirong Chen, Olivia Yoshikawa, Nobuyuki Yu, Bei Ho, Tsung-Yi The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong Yokohama National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama240-8501 Japan Nara Institute of Science and Technology Division of Information Science Nara630-0192 Japan Kyushu University Department of Advanced Information Technology Fukuoka819-0395 Japan

The extremely low-bit energy characteristic of the adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) circuit makes it a promising candidate for highly energy-efficient computing systems. However, in contrast with conventional circuit design, general logic synthesis tools can not make sure that the circuit functionality of generated AQFP circuits is correct. AQFP circuits require buffer and splitter insertion for dataflow synchronization at all clock phases of the circuit and multifan-out driving. Notably, buffers and splitters inserted take up much area and delay in AQFP circuits, also causing a significant increase in energy dissipation. To address this problem, this article analyses in detail why buffer and splitter insertion is necessary for AQFP circuits and proposes a global optimization framework for this purpose. This framework consists of three parts: 1) logic level assignment;2) splitter tree generation;and 3) buffer insertion. An integer linear programming algorithm is proposed for the logic level assignment to estimate the globally optimal number of inserted buffers and splitters. Subsequently, a dynamic programming-based multiway search tree generation algorithm is proposed to construct an optimal splitter tree for each net of the input circuit. Moreover, three optimization strategies are proposed to further enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of our framework. Experimental results on ISCAS'85 and EPFL benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed framework compared with the state-of-the-art, particularly with significant advantages on large circuits. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Global optimization

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An Enhanced Detection System of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Thermal Imaging and Deep Learning

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SN computer science 2025年第2期6卷 1-11页

作者： Jegan Amarnath, J. Meera, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS) Pallavaram Tamil Nadu Chennai 600117 India

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a brain-based condition characterized by social difficulties and repetitive behaviors. Traditional diagnostic methods can be subjective and time-consuming. Current diagnostic techniques for ASD often rely on behavioral assessments and clinical observations, which can be inconsistent and prone to subjectivity. Additionally, there is a need for more reliable and objective methods to differentiate between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Existing imaging techniques require further refinement to improve accuracy and efficiency in detecting ASD. The primary objective of this research is to develop and evaluate an enhanced detection system for ASD using thermal imaging and Improved Mask Faster Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network (IMFRCNN). This research focuses on enhancing the detection of ASD using Deep Learning (DL) methods and thermal imaging. Traditional diagnostic techniques for ASD often rely on subjective behavioral assessments, highlighting the need for more reliable methods. By examining cerebral imaging data from the thermal face image datasets collect facial thermal images using thermal cameras. Ensure the dataset is diverse, including varying expressions and environmental conditions. The study compares the effectiveness of IMFRCNN and the ResNet 50 system in classifying thermal images of 50 autistic and 50 non-autistic individuals. Emotions were evoked using audio-visual stimuli, and temperature variations in facial areas such as the nose, forehead, cheek, and eyes were measured. Anger showed the greatest temperature differences, with a 12.6% variation between autistic and non-autistic individuals. The IMFRCNN achieved a reliability of 96%, while the ResNet 50 achieved 90%. These findings indicate that computer-aided assessment techniques utilizing thermal imaging and DL can provide a consistent and objective method for identifying individuals with ASD. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Sing

关键词： Deep learning algorithms Diagnostic tool Improved mask faster recurrent convolutional neural network Performance measures

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Beamforming and Reflection Design for Short Packet ISAC With Non-Ideal RIS: An A3C-Based Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8379-8384页

作者： Mahmoudi, Behrad Khonsari, Ahmad Zeinali, Farshad Mili, Mohammad Robat Mashhadi, Mahdi Boloursaz Xiao, Pei University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran School of Computer Science in the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran United Kingdom Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions Tehran Iran

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising solution to mitigate the increasing congestion of the wireless spectrum. In this paper, we investigate the short packet communication regime within an ISAC system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to meet the low latency ultra-reliable requirements in the next-generation wireless networks. We consider a non-ideal RIS model that captures effects of the phase-dependent amplitude variations in the reflection coefficients, and we have incorporated the near-field model into the channels between the RIS and the users or targets. In this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming and the RIS phase shifts to maximize the sum rate while satisfying the sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement. The system simultaneously carries out multitarget sensing and multi-user short packet communications with the help of the RIS. Considering the non-convex and dynamic nature of the resulting optimization problem, we propose an asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) based method for beamforming and reflection design in this setup. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over the benchmarks. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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