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YOLOv8n-CGW: A novel approach to multi-oriented vehicle detection in intelligent transportation systems

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3809-3840页

作者： Berwo, Michael Abebe Fang, Yong Sarwar, Nadeem Mahmood, Jabar Aljohani, Mansourah Elhosseini, Mostafa School of Information and Engineering Chang’an University Shaanxi Xi’an710064 China Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore Campus Punjab Lahore54600 Pakistan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of Sialkot Punjab Sialkot51040 Pakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Yanbu46421 Saudi Arabia Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt

In the context of Intelligent Transportation systems (ITS), the role of vehicle detection and classification is indispensable for streamlining transportation management, refining traffic control, and conducting in-depth accident analyses. However, the intricate task of accurately detecting multi-oriented vehicles in diverse scenarios remains a challenge, even with the advancements in ITS. Factors such as vehicle morphology, design, road conditions, structural details, and climatic variables provide a significant part in the detection. To address this, our study introduces an advanced YOLOv8n model, specifically the YOLOv8n-CGW, which is built upon pre-trained deep learning frameworks. This model is meticulously tailored to enhance the detection capabilities for multi-oriented vehicles. Comprehensive evaluations on esteemed datasets like MtV, MERGED, Custom dataset, DAWN, WEDGE, and UA-DETRAC underscore the superiority of our approach over existing models. Notably, our YOLOv8n-CGW model achieves a remarkable mAP of 83.3% and boasts a swift inference time of 0.0019s, setting a new benchmark in the domain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Higher-order properties and extensions for indirect MRAC and APPC of linear systems

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 218-238页

作者： Yanjun ZHANG Zhipeng ZHANG Jian SUN Lei WANG Kangkang ZHANG National Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Beijing Institute of Technology School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London KIOS Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus

Recently, a reference derived some new higher-order output tracking properties for direct model reference adaptive control（MRAC） of linear time-invariant（LTI） systems: limt→∞ e（i）（t） = 0, i = 1,..., n*-1, where n*and e（i）（t） denote the relative degree of the system and the i-th derivative of the output tracking error, respectively. However, a naturally arising question involves whether indirect adaptive control（including indirect MRAC and indirect adaptive pole placement control） of LTI systems still has higher-order tracking properties. Such properties have not been reported in the literature. Therefore, this paper provides an affirmative answer to this question. Such higher-order tracking properties are new discoveries since they hold without any additional design conditions and, in particular, without the persistent excitation condition. Given the higher-order properties, a new adaptive control system is developed with stronger tracking features.（1） It can track a reference signal with any order derivatives being unknown.（2） It has higher-order exponential or practical output tracking properties.（3） Finally, it is different from the usual MRAC system, whose reference signal's derivatives up to the n*order are assumed to be known. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to verify the theoretical results obtained in this paper.

关键词： higher-order tracking indirect adaptive control model reference adaptive control adaptive pole placement control

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53.125 Gbps PAM-4 transmission up to 75°C using 940-nm VCSELs on 330 µm Ge substrates for datacom applications 29

53.125 Gbps PAM-4 transmission up to 75°C using 940-nm VCSE...

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Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XXIX 2025

作者： Yang, Yun-Cheng Wang, Zeyu Chiu, Chih-Chuan Liu, I-Chi Xia, Guangrui Wu, Chao-Hsin Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Center for Quantum Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering University of British Columbia Canada Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510685178

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685161

In the past three decades, Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) wafers have served as the standard substrates for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting at infrared wavelengths. However, recent attention has shifted towards Germanium (Ge) substrates for long-wavelength VCSELs epitaxial growth. Ge substrates offer several significant advantages over traditional GaAs substrates, including more lattice matching to VCSEL’s distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), zero etch pit density (EPD), and reduced wafer bow and warp, which contribute to higher yield and reliability in VCSEL mass production. This study presents the fabrication and characterization of 940 nm high-speed oxide-confined VCSELs on 330 µm Ge substrates. The VCSELs achieve a maximum small-signal modulation bandwidth exceeding 17.5 GHz at temperatures up to 75°C. Furthermore, the Ge-based VCSELs enable successful 53.125 Gbps data transmission at both 25°C and 75°C, with transmitter dispersion and eye closure quaternary (TDECQ) penalties of 1.36 dB and 2.8 dB, respectively. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Gallium arsenide

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Toward quantum unmanned systems

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2277-2280页

作者： CHENG ShuMing QI HongSheng SUN Yue LIU LiJun XIE ShaoRong REN XiaoQiang Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Cipher Cloud Core Ltd. Beijing 100085China College of Mathematics and Computer Science Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfen 041081China School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

1 Quantum information technology Quantum information technology utilizes physical systems at the microscopic level, such as photon, atom, ion, and superconducting, to accomplish information-processing tasks that are impossible for the classical macroscopic world. During the past decade, significant process has been achieved in the pursuit of quantum technology into practical applications,generating great research interest from various domains, with the potential to radically change our information infrastructure [1–3].

关键词： quantum utilize generating

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Investigation of Effective Electrode Structure for Metal Removal from Composite Materials Using Pulsed Discharge 10

Investigation of Effective Electrode Structure for Metal Rem...

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10th Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conference, 25th International Conference on High-Power Particle Beams and 20th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology, EAPPC-BEAMS-EML 2024

作者： Doi, Takuto Oishi, Shota Sakugawa, Takashi Nishimura, Kaisei Shobako, Shinichiro Shimasaki, Shinichi Yamashita, Tomohiko Kumamoto University Graduate School of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Kumamoto Japan Kagawa College National Institute of Technology Department of Electro-Mechanical Systems Engineering Takamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789038661353

The authors investigate the potential of pulsed power technology in recycling of E-waste. Applying the pulsed discharge can separate composite materials into plastic and metal. In this study, pulsed discharge was applied to indium tin oxide (ITO) coated plastic films. We used two electrode types: rod-To-rod electrode and a pair of flat plate electrodes to investigate the effect of electrode structure on the metal removal area in detail. A series of single pulse discharges were applied at various electrode distances. As a result, it was revealed that metal can be removed over a wide range by the pulsed discharge using a pair of flat plate electrodes. When the gap between the electrodes was 30 mm, the removal area by the flat plate electrodes was approximately 3.4 times that by the rod electrodes. Analysis of the current density also revealed that the metal removal area was greatly affected by the current density. © 2024 Eindhoven University of Technology.

关键词： Tin oxides

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Speech Method for Caregiving Robots Considering Uncertainty 16th

Speech Method for Caregiving Robots Considering Uncertainty

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16th International Conference on Social Robotics, ICSR + AI 2024

作者： Shindo, Arisa Kawasaki, Yosuke Takahashi, Masaki School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University Kanagawa Japan Department of System Design Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819635214

Recent studies have explored the integration of large language models (LLMs) into caregiving robots. The use of LLMs facilitates the generation of human-like natural dialogues and diverse, varied expressions. However, in case of a lack of direct and specific instructions from a user, gaining an accurate understanding of the user's intent is challenging, which may result in miscommunication. Thus, this study proposed a method to achieve robust communication even in the absence of direct instructions by considering the uncertainty in destination prediction probabilities. The proposed system leveraged GPT-4 to generate various Japanese speech content candidates and employed neighborhood components analysis to facilitate dimensionality reduction. Consequently, notable features of the rich linguistic embeddings were preserved while transforming them into manageable data. The system selected appropriate utterances based on the destination prediction probabilities. Furthermore, this study investigated changes in the speech content according to the variations in these probabilities, and the incorporation of uncertainty in communication was validated. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Dimensionality reduction

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Issuer-Revocable Issuer-Hiding Attribute-Based Credentials Using an Accumulator 11

Issuer-Revocable Issuer-Hiding Attribute-Based Credentials U...

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11th International Symposium on Computing and Networking, CANDAR 2023

作者： Begum, Nasima Nakanishi, Toru University of Asia Pacific Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh Hiroshima University Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Higashi-Hiroshima Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306705

Attribute-based credential (ABC) system allows a user to anonymously prove his/her attributes to a verifier, using a credential issued by an issuer. In the conventional ABC systems, since the verifier knows who is the issuer from the attribute proof, the information on the issuer can reveal some attributes of the user. Thus, an issuer-hiding ABC was recently proposed, where the issuer's ID (and the issuer's public key) is hidden. However, in the previous system, the verifier decides the accepted issuers and issues the signatures on the issuers' public keys to each user in advance, and thus the computational and communication costs depending on the number of issuers are required whenever an issuer is revoked. In this paper, we propose an issuer-revocable issuer-hiding ABC system that is extended from the previous system. In the proposed system, the verifier generates and issues the signatures of the issuers' public keys once. Then, whenever an issuer is revoked, the verifier sends only a short revocation list using a pairing-based accumulator to each user. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication

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Continuous-Time Prediction of Industrial Paste Thickener System With Differential ODE-Net

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第4期9卷 686-698页

作者： Zhaolin Yuan Xiaorui Li Di Wu Xiaojuan Ban Nai-Qi Wu Hong-Ning Dai Hao Wang the Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute of Artificial IntelligenceBeijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering for Materials ScienceSchool of Computer and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing the Department of ICT and Natural Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology IEEE the Institute of Systems Engineering and Collaborative Laboratory for Intelligent Science and SystemsMacao University of Science and Technology the Department of Computing and Decision Sciences Lingnan University the Department of Computer Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology

It is crucial to predict the outputs of a thickening system,including the underflow concentration(UC)and mud pressure,for optimal control of the *** proliferation of industrial sensors and the availability of thickening-system data make this ***,the unique properties of thickening systems,such as the non-linearities,long-time delays,partially observed data,and continuous time evolution pose challenges on building data-driven predictive *** address the above challenges,we establish an integrated,deep-learning,continuous time network structure that consists of a sequential encoder,a state decoder,and a derivative module to learn the deterministic state space model from thickening *** a case study,we examine our methods with a tailing thickener manufactured by the FLSmidth installed with massive sensors and obtain extensive experimental *** results demonstrate that the proposed continuous-time model with the sequential encoder achieves better prediction performances than the existing discrete-time models and reduces the negative effects from long time delays by extracting features from historical system *** proposed method also demonstrates outstanding performances for both short and long term prediction tasks with the two proposed derivative types.

关键词： Industrial 24 paste thickener ordinary differential equation(ODE)-net recurrent neural network time series prediction

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Protecting Your Attention during Distributed Graph Learning: Efficient Privacy-Preserving Federated Graph Attention Network

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 1949-1964页

作者： Zhou, Jinhao Wu, Jun Ni, Jianbing Wang, Yuntao Pan, Yanghe Su, Zhou Waseda University Graduate School of Information Production and Systems Fukuoka808-0135 Japan Queen's University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering KingstonONK7L 3N6 Canada Xi'An Jiaotong University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Xi'an710049 China

Federated graph attention networks (FGATs) are gaining prominence for enabling collaborative and privacy-preserving graph model training. The attention mechanisms in FGATs enhance the focus on crucial graph features for improved graph representation learning while maintaining data decentralization. However, these mechanisms inherently process sensitive information, which is vulnerable to privacy threats like graph reconstruction and attribute inference. Additionally, their role in assigning varying and changing importance to nodes challenges traditional privacy methods to balance privacy and utility across varied node sensitivities effectively. Our study fills this gap by proposing an efficient privacy-preserving FGAT (PFGAT). We present an attention-based dynamic differential privacy (DP) approach via an improved multiplication triplet (IMT). Specifically, we first propose an IMT mechanism that leverages a reusable triplet generation method to efficiently and securely compute the attention mechanism. Second, we employ an attention-based privacy budget that dynamically adjusts privacy levels according to node data significance, optimizing the privacy-utility trade-off. Third, the proposed hybrid neighbor aggregation algorithm tailors DP mechanisms according to the unique characteristics of neighbor nodes, thereby mitigating the adverse impact of DP on graph attention network (GAT) utility. Extensive experiments on benchmarking datasets confirm that PFGAT maintains high efficiency and ensures robust privacy protection against potential threats. © IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Data-driven consensus control of fully distributed event-triggered multi-agent systems

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 147-161页

作者： Yifei LI Xin WANG Jian SUN Gang WANG Jie CHEN School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology The State Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University

This study investigates the consensus control issue in discrete-time linear multi-agent systems(MASs) using data-driven control under undirected communication networks. To alleviate the communication burden, an adaptive event-triggered control strategy involving only local information is proposed and a model-based stability condition is derived that guarantees the asymptotic consensus of MASs. Furthermore,a data-based consensus condition for unknown MASs is established by combining a data-based system representation with the model-based stability condition, using only pre-collected noisy input-state data instead of the accurate system information a priori. Specifically, both model-based and data-driven event-triggered controllers can be utilized without requiring any global information. The validity and correctness of the controllers and associated theoretical results are demonstrated via numerical simulations.

关键词： distributed control event-triggered control data-driven control discrete-time MASs

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