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Constrained Optimization with Decision-Dependent Distributions

IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年

作者： Wang, Zifan Liu, Changxin Parisini, Thomas Zavlanos, Michael M. Johansson, Karl H. KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Sweden Digital Futures StockholmSE-10044 Sweden East China University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process Ministry of Education Shanghai200237 China Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Denmark University of Trieste Department of Engineering and Architecture Italy Duke University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science DurhamNC United States

In this paper we deal with stochastic optimization problems where the data distributions change in response to the decision variables. Traditionally, the study of optimization problems with decision-dependent distributions has assumed either the absence of constraints or fixed constraints. This work considers a more general setting where the constraints can also dynamically adjust in response to changes in the decision variables. Specifically, we consider linear constraints and analyze the effect of decision-dependent distributions in both the objective function and constraints. Firstly, we establish a sufficient condition for the existence of a constrained equilibrium point, at which the distributions remain invariant under retraining. Moreover, we propose and analyze two algorithms: repeated constrained optimization and repeated dual ascent. For each algorithm, we provide sufficient conditions for convergence to the constrained equilibrium point. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between the equilibrium point and the optimal point for the constrained decision-dependent optimization problem. Notably, our results encompass previous findings as special cases when the constraints remain fixed. To show the effectiveness of our theoretical analysis, we provide numerical experiments on both a market problem and a dynamic pricing problem for parking based on real-world data. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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HEART: Achieving Timely Multi-Model Training for Vehicle-Edge-Cloud-Integrated Hierarchical Federated Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Xiaohong Liwang, Minghui Wang, Xianbin Cheng, Zhipeng Hosseinalipour, Seyyedali Dai, Huaiyu Jiao, Zhenzhen School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian China Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Japan Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada School of Future Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou China Department of Electrical Engineering University at Buffalo-SUNY BuffaloNY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NC State University RaleighNC United States iF-Labs Beijing Teleinfo Technology Company Ltd. CAICT Beijing China

The rapid growth of AI-enabled Internet of Vehicles (IoV) calls for efficient machine learning (ML) solutions that can handle high vehicular mobility and decentralized data. This has motivated the emergence of Hierarchical Federated Learning over vehicle-edge-cloud architectures (VEC-HFL). Nevertheless, one aspect which is underexplored in the literature on VEC-HFL is that vehicles often need to execute multiple ML tasks simultaneously, where this multi-model training environment introduces crucial challenges. First, improper aggregation rules can lead to model obsolescence and prolonged training times. Second, vehicular mobility may result in inefficient data utilization by preventing the vehicles from returning their models to the network edge. Third, achieving a balanced resource allocation across diverse tasks becomes of paramount importance as it majorly affects the effectiveness of collaborative training. We take one of the first steps towards addressing these challenges via proposing a framework for multi-model training in dynamic VEC-HFL with the goal of minimizing global training latency while ensuring balanced training across various tasks—a problem that turns out to be NP-hard. To facilitate timely model training, we introduce a hybrid synchronous-asynchronous aggregation rule. Building on this, we present a novel method called Hybrid Evolutionary And gReedy allocaTion (HEART). The framework operates in two stages: first, it achieves balanced task scheduling through a hybrid heuristic approach that combines improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithms (GA);second, it employs a low-complexity greedy algorithm to determine the training priority of assigned tasks on vehicles. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of HEART over existing methods. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Federated learning

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Effective Two-Stage Double Auction for Dynamic Resource Trading in Edge Networks via Overbooking

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Wu, Sicheng Liwang, Minghui Wang, Deqing Wang, Xianbin Wu, Chao Tang, Junyi Li, Li Jiao, Zhenzhen The School of Informatics Xiamen University Fujian China The Department of Control Science and Engineering The National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Tongji University Shanghai China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University ON Canada The School of Public Affairs Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China The iF-Labs Beijing Teleinfo Technology Co. Ltd. CAICT China

To facilitate responsive and cost-effective computing resource scheduling and service delivery over edge-assisted mobile networks, this paper investigates a novel two-stage double auction methodology via utilizing an interesting idea of resource overbooking to overcome dynamic and uncertain nature from edge servers (sellers) and demand from mobile devices (as buyers). The proposed auction integrates multiple essential factors such as social welfare maximization and decision-making latency (e.g., the time for determining winning seller-buyer pairs) reduction, by introducing a stagewise strategy: an overbooking-driven pre-double auction (OPDAuction) for determining long-term cooperations between sellers and buyers before practical resource transactions as Stage I, and a real-time backup double auction (RBDAuction) for handling residual resource demands during actual transactions. In particular, by applying a proper overbooking rate, OPDAuction helps with facilitating trading contracts between appropriate sellers and buyers as guidance for future transactions, by allowing the booked resources to exceed supply. Then, since pre-auctions may cause risks, our RBDAuction adjusts to real-time market changes, further enhancing the overall social welfare. More importantly, we offer an interesting view to show that our proposed two-stage auction can support significant design properties such as truthfulness, individual rationality, and budget balance. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate good performance in social welfare, time efficiency, and computational scalability, outstripping conventional methods in dynamic edge computing settings. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Budget control

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Convergence of energy-based learning in linear resistive networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Huijzer, Anne-Men Chaffey, Thomas Besselink, Bart van Waarde, Henk J. Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands CogniGron - Groningen Cognitive Systems and Materials Center Netherlands Control Group Department of Engineering University of Cambridge United Kingdom School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Sydney Australia

Energy-based learning algorithms are alternatives to backpropagation and are well-suited to distributed implementations in analog electronic devices. However, a rigorous theory of convergence is lacking. We make a first step in this direction by analysing a particular energy-based learning algorithm, Contrastive Learning, applied to a network of linear adjustable resistors. It is shown that, in this setup, Contrastive Learning is equivalent to projected gradient descent on a convex function, for any step size, giving a guarantee of convergence for the *** Codes 65K10, 68T05, 93B30, 93D99 © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Environment-Driven Online LiDAR-Camera Extrinsic Calibration

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Zhiwei Li, Jiaqi Zhong, Ping Fan, Rui The Department of Control Science & Engineering The College of Electronics & Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Hunan Changsha410083 China The National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Automatic Target Recognition National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China The Department of Control Science & Engineering The College of Electronics & Information Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems The State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The National Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Hybrid Augmented Intelligence Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

LiDAR-camera extrinsic calibration (LCEC) is the core for data fusion in computer vision. Existing methods typically rely on customized calibration targets or fixed scene types, lacking the flexibility to handle variations in sensor data and environmental contexts. This paper introduces EdO-LCEC, the first environment-driven, online calibration approach that achieves human-like adaptability. Inspired by the human perceptual system, EdO-LCEC incorporates a generalizable scene discriminator to actively interpret environmental conditions, creating multiple virtual cameras that capture detailed spatial and textural information. To overcome cross-modal feature matching challenges between LiDAR and camera, we propose dual-path correspondence matching (DPCM), which leverages both structural and textural consistency to achieve reliable 3D-2D correspondences. Our approach formulates the calibration process as a spatial-temporal joint optimization problem, utilizing global constraints from multiple views and scenes to improve accuracy, particularly in sparse or partially overlapping sensor views. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that EdO-LCEC achieves state-of-the-art performance, providing reliable and precise calibration across diverse, challenging environments. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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Improving performance in red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes through premix process

引用

Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 515卷

作者： Meng, Zhimin Shang, Yifan Zhu, Yanan Yan, Hao Xu, Meili Meng, Lingqiang He, Gufeng Meng, Hong School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Faculty of Materials Science Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen518172 China

To address the manufacturing complexity of multi-component host systems in red phosphorescent OLEDs, this study proposes a matched bipolar host premixing engineering strategy. Through molecular design, a composite system consisting of DMIC-TRZ (P-type) and DMIC-CZ (N-type) was constructed, featuring matched glass transition temperatures (Tg = 150 °C) and evaporation kinetics. Vacuum pre-sintering enabled molecular-level homogenization, achieving single-source co-deposition of the emissive layer. This strategy overcomes the limitations of conventional three-source co-evaporation, significantly improving material utilization while suppressing phase separation-induced device degradation. Optimizing the host ratio (3:7) achieved dynamic balance in carrier mobility, with exciton recombination localization enabling high color purity emission at 621 nm. The device exhibited a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 19.73 % and efficiency roll-off below 5 % at high luminance. Single-carrier device and transient spectroscopy analyses confirmed that the premixed system enhances Förster energy transfer and suppresses interfacial exciton quenching, resolving non-radiative losses caused by electron overloading. This work provides a solution for phosphorescent OLEDs that combines high performance, wide color gamut, and industrial compatibility, facilitating the transition of red phosphorescent devices from laboratory research to scalable production. © 2025

关键词： Electric losses

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Development of microwave surface elastoresistivity measurement technique under tunable strain

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Hosoi, Suguru Matsuura, Kohei Shimozawa, Masaaki Izawa, Koichi Kasahara, Shigeru Shibauchi, Takasada Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka560-8531 Japan Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science Okayama University Okayama700-8530 Japan Department of Advanced Materials Science The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8561 Japan

By integrating a dielectric microwave resonator with a piezoelectric-based strain device, we develop an in situ strain-tunable microwave spectroscopy technique that enables contactless measurements of superconducting properties under strain. In the slightly overdoped iron-based superconductor BaFe2(As1−xPx)2, we successfully observe a systematic strain dependence of the superconducting transition, manifested as changes in the quality factor and resonance frequency shifts. Both compressive and tensile anisotropic lattice distortions along the [110]T direction suppress superconductivity, consistent with standard transport measurements, highlighting the pivotal role of nematic fluctuations in the superconducting mechanism. Our strain-tunable cavity therefore serves as a powerful, contactless probe of fundamental superconducting material properties under strain and may also potentially facilitate the design of hybrid quantum systems with strain-controlled quantum degrees of freedom. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Iron-based Superconductors

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Velocity Estimation of an Underwater Vehicle Using Doppler Shift of Positioning Signals

Velocity Estimation of an Underwater Vehicle Using Doppler S...

引用

International Symposium on Underwater Technology

作者： Atsushi Tsuchiya Tadashi Ebihara Naoto Wakatsuki Tohru Yoshihara Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Technology Development Department Aomi Construction Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331534189

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534196

This paper proposes a method for estimating the moving velocity of underwater vehicles by utilizing the Doppler shift in positioning signals employed for time-of-arrival (ToA) acoustic positioning. The Doppler shift generated in the received signal was measured by resampling, and the moving velocity in global coordinates was estimated by finding the least-squares solution using the Doppler shift generated in the direct wave and the position measured by ToA positioning. Field experiments conducted in a real marine environment demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed velocity estimation method.

关键词： Doppler shift Accuracy Coordinate measuring machines Estimation Position measurement Acoustic measurements Velocity measurement Underwater technology Underwater acoustics Underwater vehicles

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Line planning under crowding: A cut-and-column generation approach

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Lu, Yahan van Lieshout, Rolf N. Martin, Layla Yang, Lixing School of Systems Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Department of Transport & Planning Delft University of Technology Netherlands Department of Operations Planning Accounting and Control School of Industrial Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands Eindhoven AI Systems Institute Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

Problem definition: To mitigate excessive crowding in public transit networks, network expansion is often not feasible due to financial and time constraints. Instead, operators are required to make use of existing infrastructure more efficiently. In this regard, this paper considers the problem of determining lines and frequencies in a public transit system, factoring in the impact of crowding. Methodology: We introduce a novel formulation to address the line planning problem under crowding and propose a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MI-SOCP) reformulation. Three variants of the cut-and-column generation algorithm with tailored acceleration techniques find near-system-optimal solutions by dynamically generating passenger routes and adding linear cutting planes to deal with the non-linearity introduced by the crowding terms. We find integral solutions using a diving heuristic. In practice, passengers may deviate from system-optimal routes. We, thus, evaluate line plans by computing a user-equilibrium routing based on Wardrop’s first principle. Results and implications: We experimentally evaluate the performance of the proposed approaches on both an artificial network and the Beijing metro network. The results demonstrate that our algorithm effectively scales to large-scale instances involving hundreds of stations and candidate lines, and nearly 57,000 origin-destination pairs. We find that considering crowding while developing line plans can significantly reduce crowding, at only a minor expense to the travel time passengers experience. This holds both for system-optimal passenger routing and user-optimal passenger routing, which only differ slightly. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Travel time

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Computer-assisted proofs for finding the monodromy of Picard-Fuchs differential equations for a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Ishige, Toshimasa Takayasu, Akitoshi Department of Mathematics and Informatics Graduate School of Science Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan

In this paper, we present a numerical method for rigorously finding the monodromy of linear differential equations. Beginning at a base point where certain particular solutions are explicitly given by series expansions, we first compute the value of fundamental system of solutions using interval arithmetic to rigorously control truncation and rounding errors. The solutions are then analytically continued along a prescribed contour encircling the singular points of the differential equation via a rigorous integrator. From these computations, the monodromy matrices are derived, generating the monodromy group of the differential equation. This method establishes a mathematically rigorous framework for addressing the monodromy problem in differential equations. For a notable example, we apply our computer-assisted proof method to resolve the monodromy problem for a Picard–Fuchs differential equation associated with a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

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