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Integrated Circuits and systems 2024年第1期1卷 53-62页

作者： Jiaxiang Li Masao Yanagisawa Youhua Shi Department of Electronic and Physical Systems Graduate School of Fundamental Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan

The large-scale neural networks have brought incredible shocks to the world, changing people's lives and offering vast prospects. However, they also come with enormous demands for computational power and storage pressure, the core of its computational requirements lies in the matrix multiplication units dominated by multiplication operations. To address this issue, we propose an area-power-efficient multiplier-less processing element (PE) design. Prior to implementing the proposed PE, we apply a power-of-2 dictionary-based quantization to the model and effectiveness of this quantization method in preserving the accuracy of the original model is confirmed. In hardware design, we present a standard and one variant ‘bi-sign’ architecture of the PE. Our evaluation results demonstrate that the systolic array that implement our standard multiplier-less PE achieves approximately 38% lower power-delay-product and 13% smaller core area compared to a conventional multiplication-and-accumulation PE and the bi-sign PE design can even save 37% core area and 38% computation energy. Furthermore, the applied quantization reduces the model size and operand bit-width, leading to decreased on-chip memory usage and energy consumption for memory accesses. Additionally, the hardware schematic facilitates expansion to support other sparsity-aware, energy-efficient techniques.

关键词： Quantization (signal) Computational modeling Accuracy Dictionaries Mathematical models Integrated circuit modeling Training

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SliQSim: A Quantum Circuit Simulator and Solver for Probability and Statistics Queries 31th

SliQSim: A Quantum Circuit Simulator and Solver for Probabil...

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31st International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of systems, TACAS 2025, which was held as part of the International Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2025

作者： Chen, Tian-Fu Jiang, Jie-Hong R. Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Center for Quantum Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031906596

SliQSim, originally developed as the first exact quantum circuit simulator, is extended in this paper to provide capabilities for the analysis and verification of quantum states. It provides an interface for users to specify interested quantum states for querying the exact probability or expectation value of a user-defined property. Case studies on three quantum algorithms show the unique capability of SliQSim benefiting exact quantum circuit analysis and verification, beyond the support by other tools. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Quantum electronics

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Giant and controllable nonlinear magnetooptical effects in two-dimensional magnets

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 2422-2429页

作者： Dezhao Wu Meng Ye Haowei Chen Yong Xu Wenhui Duan State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University100084 BeijingChina Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics 100193 BeijingChina Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information BeijingChina RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS) WakoSaitama 351-0198Japan Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua University100084 BeijingChina

The interplay of polarization and magnetisminmaterials with light can create rich nonlinear magnetooptical(NLMO)effects,and the recent discovery of two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals magnets provides remarkable control over NLMO effects due to their superb ***,based on firstprinciples calculations,we reported giant NLMO effects in CrI_(3)-based 2D magnets,including a dramatic change of second-harmonics generation(SHG)polarization direction(90°)and intensity(on/off switch)under magnetization reversal and a 100%SHG circular dichroism *** further revealed that these effects could not only be used to design ultra-thin multifunctional optical devices but also to detect subtle magnetic orderings.

关键词： magnets nonlinear polarization

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Image Integrity Analysis under Defense Approaches Against Adversarial Patches

Image Integrity Analysis under Defense Approaches Against Ad...

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2025 International Workshop on advanced Imaging Technology, IWAIT 2025

作者： Siritanawan, Prarinya Chunhachatchawhankhun, Kasidit Kotani, Kazunori Graduate School of Science and Technology Department of Engineering Informatics and Interdisciplinary Systems Division Shinshu University Nagano Japan Division of Transdisciplinary Science JAIST Ishikawa Japan Faculty of Transdisciplinary Science Institute of Philosophy in Interdisciplinary Science Kanazawa University Ishikawa Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781510688131

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688124

Adversarial patches pose a significant threat to image recognition systems, exploiting small, maliciously crafted patterns to mislead models into incorrect *** traditional adversarial examples, adversarial patches operate under real-world constraints, making defense against them a challenging *** study introduces an alternative defense strategy that employs partial masking to mitigate the impact of adversarial patches without relying on precise patch *** global masking patterns were evaluated to determine the best balance between adversarial robustness and image *** proposed method effectively reduces attack success rates while maintaining reasonable classification accuracy, demonstrating its potential to ensure protection in real-world applications without dependency on the detection methods. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Defense and security Image classification Image restoration Image analysis Visualization Image processing Data modeling systems modeling

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A critical review of on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2023年第3期125卷 453-469页

作者： Yi He Jingyu Liu Yanhua Duan Xiaofei Yuan Lulu Ma Ratan Dhar Yan Zheng Department of Sciences John Jay College and the Graduate CenterThe City University of New YorkNY 10019USA State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences(QAEHS) The University of QueenslandQLD 4102Australia Department of Earth and Physical Sciences York CollegeThe City University of New YorkNY 11451USA

Approximately 94 to 220 million people worldwide are at risk of drinking well water containing arsenic > 10 μg/L, the WHO guideline value. To identify non-compliant domestic wells, assess health risks and reduce exposure, accurate and rapid on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods are desirable because all domestic wells worldwide need to be ***, the principles, advantages and limitations of commonly used colorimetry, electrochemistry, and biosensing methods are critically reviewed, with the performance compared with laboratory-based benchmark methods. Most commercial kits are based on the classic Gutzeit reaction. Despite being semi-quantitative, the more recent and more expensive products display improved and acceptable accuracy and shorter testing time (~10 min). Carried out by trained professionals, electrochemical methods are also feasible for on-site analysis, although miniaturization is desirable yet challenging. Biosensing using whole bacterial cells or bio-engineered materials such as aptamers is promising, if incorporated with function specific nanomaterials and biomaterials. Since arsenic is frequently found as arsenite in reducing groundwater and subject to oxidation during sampling, transportation and storage, on-site separation and sample preservation are feasible but the specific methods should be chosen based on sample matrix and tested before use. To eliminate arsenic exposure among hundreds of millions of mostly rural residents worldwide, we call for concerted efforts in research community and regulatory authority to develop accurate, rapid, and affordable tests for on-site screening and monitoring of arsenic in drinking water. Access to affordable testing will benefit people who are socioeconomically disadvantaged.

关键词： Inorganic arsenic On-site analysis Drinking water Groundwater Field test

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A data-driven CLF controller based on a kriged predictor 63

A data-driven CLF controller based on a kriged predictor

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Carnerero, A. Daniel Ramirez, Daniel R. Hatanaka, Takeshi Alamo, Teodoro Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering Science Toyonaka560-8531 Japan Universidad de Sevilla Escuela Superior de Ingenieros Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n Sevilla41020 Spain Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Systems and Control Engineering School of Engineering Tokyo152-8550 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

In this paper, we present a data-driven methodology to predict and control the behaviour of nonlinear and non-autonomous systems based on kernel functions. The technique computes the forecasting by means of a linear combination of past data. The weights used to compute the prediction are obtained by solving a convex optimization problem that stems from a novel kriging formulation. A control Lyapunov Function (CLF) based controller using the presented predictor is also built. Finally, numerical examples of both prediction and control are presented, showing the efficacy of the proposed approach. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convex optimization

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Detecting Model Poisoning Attacks Via Dummy Symbol Insertion for Secure Over-the-Air Federated Learning 22

Detecting Model Poisoning Attacks Via Dummy Symbol Insertion...

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22nd IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2025

作者： Zhou, Hang Chiang, Yi-Han Chen, Caijuan Wang, Xiaoyan Ji, Yusheng National Institute of Informatics Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division Tokyo Japan Osaka Metropolitan University Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering Osaka Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Hitachi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508050

With the rapid advancement of intelligent IoT services, the need for high-quality and efficient wireless communication has become increasingly critical for information exchanges and collaborations among intelligent edge devices such as autonomous mobile robots (AMRs), robots in smart factories, and surveillance cameras, etc., Federated Learning (FL) is a promising distributed learning framework by exploring the computation capability on edge devices while protecting data privacy of users. On the other hand, Over-the-Air (OTA) computation techniques is a new paradigm of integrated computation and communication. OTA based FL (OTA-FL) can enhance spectrum efficiency by leveraging the superposition properties of wireless channels for model aggregations. The implementation of OTA-FL on edge devices can further protect user data privacy for clients, improve the throughput of inter-device communications, and enhance the distributed learning performance. However, despite these advantages, the convergence of OTA-FL systems remain vulnerable to model poisoning attacks, presenting significant challenges. In this study, we address these vulnerabilities by proposing a two-phase detection mechanism that secures OTA-FL system while preserving high spectral efficiency. Our simulation results demonstrate that under varying conditions, our approach can make distributed learning more secure and communication-efficient. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Secure communication

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Effect of shape of single-roll rapid solidification nozzles on properties of ribbons for magnesium rechargeable batteries

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2025年第2期75卷 114-119页

作者： Kirimoto, Yuichi Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Haga, Toshio Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama Toyama-shi930-8555 Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama Toyama-shi Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology Osaka Osaka-shi Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Saitama Saitama-shi Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Toyama Imizu-shi Japan

In developing ribbons for use as anode materials in innovative rechargeable batteries, magnesium ribbons were manufactured using a single-roll rapid solidification method. The quality of ribbons, such as their surface characteristics and defects, was considered to be largely determined by the manufacturing conditions of single-roll rapid solidification method, and it was also reported that shape of nozzle used to spray molten magnesium also had a significant effect on the quality of ribbons. In this study, ribbons were produced using nozzles with various internal gradient angles, and the surface properties, cross-sectional structure, and internal and external defects of the ribbons were evaluated. In actual ribbon production, it was confirmed that a nozzle with a smaller gradient angle could produce ribbons with a stable yield of over 70%. This is because adding a gradient shape allows smooth molten metal to be sprayed out. In the microstructure observation of the ribbons, a network-like second phase was observed near the free-solidification surface. A difference in cell size was also confirmed with the change in nozzle shape. In addition, the relationship between cell size and hardness was investigated, and it was confirmed that the hardness value decreases as the cell size increases. © 2025 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Hardness

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Three-phase AC Power Routing and Its Field Demonstration

Three-phase AC Power Routing and Its Field Demonstration

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Ryo Takahashi Daichi Nishihara Takashi Hikihara Department of Mechanical and Electrical Systems Engineering Kyoto University of Advanced Science Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665464543

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464550

In this paper, the feasibility of three-phase AC power routing is shown with a power router designed for three-phase AC system. The feasibility of three-phase power routing is clarified based on not only the laboratory experiments but also field demonstration using the prototype of the SiC three-phase power router and self-owned power line along railway’s track. The demonstration shows that the circuit switching for the power routing causes no impact to the communication for railway’s control.

关键词： Silicon carbide Power supplies Prototypes Switches Routing control systems Voltage control Surges AC power transmission Switching circuits

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Human-Robot Interaction through an Object Grasped with Two Fingers Based on Plastic Deformation control

Human-Robot Interaction through an Object Grasped with Two F...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Senoo, Taku Konno, Atsushi Kawahara, Hiromichi Ishii, Idaku Course of Systems Science and Informatic Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido University Kita 14 Nishi 9 Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido060-0814 Japan Smart Innovation Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8527 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

In this study, two-finger grasping based on plastic deformation control for human-robot interaction is designed and implemented. This control strategy is derived based on the concept that balances both retention of grasping force on objects and plastic behavior in response to external forces. The control law consists of a set of constraints and offsets with respect to the springs that appear in the Maxwell model. In particular, the inner loop that is robust against parameter errors is implemented for actual machine experiments. Simulation and actual experiments with a robotic hand are executed to validate the proposed control law. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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