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Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LAS) System for Measuring Vapor and Liquid Phase Concentration Distributions in Evaporating Diesel Spray 10

Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LA...

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10th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for advanced Engine systems, COMODIA 2022

作者： Ray, Samir Chandra Naito, Shinichiro Safiullah Andersson, Mats Nishida, Keiya Ogata, Yoichi Sasaki, Hiroyasu Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Mechanical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Nac Image Technology Inc. Japan

The fundamental concept of the LAS technique is to understand the fuel concentration by attenuation of both visible and ultraviolet light. The intensity of visible light is only attenuated by the scattering of droplets, while that of ultraviolet light is attenuated by the scattering of droplets and the absorption of vapors. The conventional LAS uses the ND: YAG pulse laser, CCD cameras and one shot for one spray, which takes time and effort. Moreover, temporal variation measurement of a single shot spray is not possible by the conventional LAS. To record the distribution of the whole vapor phase in an injection event and measure the liquid and vapor concentration inside the spray, a high-speed laser absorption scattering (HS-LAS) technique was developed applying continuous diode light source, high-speed video cameras, and image intensifier for UV light, which can provide the temporal variation of a single shot spray. In the experiment, a commercial seven-hole injector with a hole diameter of 0.123 mm allowing high injection pressure up to 100 MPa was used to avoid the potential inconsistencies with single-hole test injector. The diesel surrogate fuel which consists of 97.5 % n-tridecane and 2.5 % of volume-based 1-methylnaphthalene was used. The injection amount 5.0 mg/hole were selected to investigate the structure and mixture formation process of the spray. The findings of the experiments show that this imaging approach is a promising diagnostic technique for concurrently obtaining quantitative information on the quantity of vapor and droplets in a fuel spray. Furthermore, the turbulent/vortex fluid dynamics' temporal development/variation can be investigated. © 2022 by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers All rights reserved.

关键词： Diesel engines

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Semi-empirical equivalent circuit model and evaluation of energy losses for alkaline electrolysis stack in dynamic operations

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 138卷 859-873页

作者： Sha, LianDong Lin, Jin Qi, Ruomei Li, Qinghui Li, Wenying Lin, Ruixiao Gao, Danhui Li, Hang Li, Xiaolong Yang, Chenxi Song, Yonghua State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Tsinghua-Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute Chengdu610213 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu610213 China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau 999078 China

In various applications of alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) for hydrogen production, the efficiency of AWE stacks is a critical concern. Emerging applications involve significant dynamic operations, necessitating the evaluation of their impact on stack efficiency. However, a quantitative understanding of the power losses within AWE stacks under dynamic conditions remains limited. A significant research challenge exists in the development of models for AWE stacks that can accommodate dynamic operating conditions, and there is a need for a systematic approach to classify and quantify energy losses within the stack. This paper presents a quantitative assessment method for losses in AWE stacks based on a semi-empirical equivalent circuit model (SECM). The losses within the AWE stack are categorized into four types based on their generation mechanisms: overpotential losses, shunt current losses, non-Faradaic losses, and electrochemical cycling losses (cycling losses for short). Using experimental data from 5 MW and 10 kW AWE stacks, the parameters of the SECM observer are identified through a stepwise data-driven approach, resulting in a mean square error of less than 46.4 mV for 5 MW stack and 80.9 mV for 10 kW stack. The constructed SECM observer is employed to simulate the proportion of various losses under different dynamic operating conditions. This paper focuses on the efficiency and loss behaviors of AWE stacks under multi-stack switching strategies. Case studies demonstrate that the current range, ramp rate, regulation period, and duty cycle significantly influence the four types of losses. Based on the SECM observer, recommended parameters for multi-stack switching are provided. This work contributes to accurate assessment of AWE stack efficiency under dynamic operations and provides a methodology for designing AWE stack operating strategies. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Alkaline water electrolysis stack Dynamic operation Efficiency Electrochemical cycling losses Equivalent circuit model Multi-stack switching strategies

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A comparative study on the degradation of iohexol and diatrizoate during UV/persulfate process: kinetics, degradation pathways and iodinated disinfection by-products†

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Environmental science: Water Research and Technology 2024年第3期10卷 718-728页

作者： Hu, Chen-Yan Xu, Ling Lin, Yi-Li Li, Cong College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-Saving in Heat Exchange Systems Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai200090 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology No. 1 University Rd. Yanchao Dist. Kaohsiung824 Taiwan School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

Iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) are widely used in medical imaging due to their stable properties, but they cannot be effectively removed in wastewater treatment plants (especially hospital wastewater). Therefore, ICM have been widely detected in aquatic environments and may gradually accumulate and cause adverse effects to the creatures. In this paper, the degradation characteristics of two most commonly detected ICM, iohexol and diatrizoate, by ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) were investigated. UV/PS can effectively degrade both ICM, with pseudo-first-order rate constants (kobs) of 0.3641 min−1 for iohexol and 0.3511 min−1 for diatrizoate, and SO4·− played a major role in UV/PS degradation of both ICM. The presence of I−, Cl−, Br−, humic acid (HA), and alkaline conditions inhibited the degradation efficiency of both ICM. Less I-DBPs were formed from iohexol at low PS and high Br− concentrations, but from diatrizoate at high PS and Br− concentrations. The degradation pathways of iohexol and diatrizoate in the UV/PS process were proposed separately according to the detected degradation intermediates. This study can provide an essential theoretical basis for the UV/PS degradation of the two ICM. © 2024 Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved.

关键词： Degradation

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Microwave heating as a universal method to transform confined molecules into armchair graphene nanoribbons

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10644-10651页

作者： Haoyuan Zhang Yingzhi Chen Kunpeng Tang Ziheng Lin Xuan Li Hongwei Zhang Yifan Zhang Chi Ho Wong Chi Wah Leung Chee Leung Mak Yuan Hu Weili Cui Kecheng Cao Lei Shi State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Nanotechnology Research CenterGuangdong Province Key Lab of Display Material and TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Huzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control School of EngineeringHuzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Institute for Advanced ManufacturingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Armchair graphene nanoribbons(AGNRs)with sub-nanometer width are potential materials for the fabrication of novel nanodevices thanks to their moderate direct band *** are usually synthesized by polymerizing precursor molecules on substrate ***,it is time-consuming and not suitable for large-scale *** can also be grown by transforming precursor molecules inside single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)via furnace annealing,but the obtained AGNRs are normally *** this work,microwave heating is applied for transforming precursor molecules into *** fast heating process allows synthesizing the AGNRs in *** different molecules were successfully transformed into AGNRs,suggesting that it is a universal *** importantly,as demonstrated by Raman spectroscopy,aberrationcorrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and theoretical calculations,less twisted AGNRs are synthesized by the microwave heating than the furnace *** results reveal a route for rapid production of AGNRs in large scale,which would benefit future applications in novel AGNRs-based semiconductor devices.

关键词： armchair graphene nanoribbons(AGNRs) microwave heating single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) Raman spectroscopy

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CsBr Immersion for Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite-Based Memristors: controllable Grain, Poole-Frenkel Emission, and Electrical Properties

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ACS Applied Electronic Materials 2023年第11期5卷 5916-5927页

作者： Chen, Yen-Shuo Lin, Ching Chang Lin, Chih Wei Tsai, Shang Yu Ko, Fu-Hsiang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of General Systems Studies Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Tokyo153-8902 Japan

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have emerged as potential candidates for active layers in resistive switching memory (RSM) devices and have recently attracted much interest in academia and industry. In RSM devices based on the OIHPs, grain boundaries play an important role in the formation of resistive switching paths because the grain boundary regions contain many defects that favor the formation of conducting filaments. In this study, the effect of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3)/indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates with various post-treatments on RSM devices is demonstrated. To reduce the defect density, variation of the immersion time of the MAPbI3 surface in CsI, MABr, and CsBr solutions promotes grain size enlargement and decreases the number of grain boundaries. The largest average grain size of the OIHP film obtained with 10 s of CsBr solution immersion (CsBr-10 s) for RSM devices is 1386.5 nm, and the corresponding photoluminescence (PL) intensity demonstrates the highest signal. The grain size can be well controlled by varying the immersion time in the ionic solution, and the appropriate post-treatment time is 10 s. Compared to untreated OIHP devices (on/off current ratio ∼102), perovskite film (MAPbI3)-based RSM devices with CsBr-10 s achieve a > 105 on/off current ratio and >104 s data retention. The conduction mechanism of the RSM devices with proper immersion treatment switches from the space-charge-limited current (SCLC) mechanism to Poole-Frenkel (PF) emission. This observation confirms that a low density of defects from fewer grain boundaries for RSM devices makes the conducting filaments in the memristors more susceptible to activation. Most OIHP-based devices suffer from humidity damage issues;however, the device fabrication and storage in our experiment are performed in ambient air. The results indicate that perovskite memory based on suitable ionic solution immersion exhibits great potential for use in future high-performance memri

关键词： Memristors

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A New LMI-Based Non-Iterative Design Method for Static Output Feedback controllers for Linear systems 25

A New LMI-Based Non-Iterative Design Method for Static Outpu...

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25th International Conference on Mechatronics Technology, ICMT 2022

作者： Oya, Hidetoshi Hayakawa, Satoshi Nagai, Shunya Nakano, Kazushi Tokyo City University Department of Computer Science Tokyo Japan Tokyo City University Graduate School of Integrative Science and Engineering Tokyo Japan Department of Electronics and Control Engineering Ehime Japan The University of Electro-Communications Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665461955

ISBN: (纸本)9781665461955

This paper presents a new non-iterative LMI-based design method for static output feedback controllers for linear systems. The proposed design method is derived from the well-known necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the static output feedback control for linear systems. In this paper, we show the new non-iterative LMI-based design procedure for static output feedback controllers for linear systems, and the effectiveness of the proposed controller design approach is shown through a simple numerical example. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Linear systems

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Proposal of a novel peeling of nano-particle (PNP) process for localized material removal on a hard material surface by controllable magnetic fields 22

Proposal of a novel peeling of nano-particle (PNP) process f...

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22nd International Conference of the European Society for Precision engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2022

作者： Permpatdechakul, Thitipat Khajornrungruang, Panart Suzuki, Keisuke Kutomi, Shotaro Graduate School of Computer Science and System Engineering Mechanical Information Science and Technology Course Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan Department of Intelligent and Control Systems Avanced Mechanical Division Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan School of Computer Science and System Engineering Advanced Mechanical Course Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781998999118

This article proposes a novel Peeling of Nano-Particle (PNP) process to locally remove material on a hard material surface using controllable magnetic fields. Fe3O4 particles in the size range of 50-100 nm in aqueous solution (pH value 11 adjusted by KOH) were magnetically controlled to adhere and remove from a 4H-SiC surface by two electromagnetic coils, which were sandwiched between the substrate. The particle controlling phenomenon on the surface was experimentally observed and verified by our developed apparatus applying an evanescent field. According to the results, particles could be controlled to approach and remove from the substrate surface with 12mT of magnetic field at the selective area on the substrate surface to realise the proposed PNP process. © European Society for Precision engineering and Nanotechnology, Conference Proceedings - 22nd International Conference and Exhibition, EUSPEN 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic fields

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Stress Matrix-Based Formation control of Multi-Agent systems with Discrete-Time Communication 12

Stress Matrix-Based Formation Control of Multi-Agent Systems...

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2024 12th International Conference on systems and control, ICSC 2024

作者： Onuoha, Okechi Ubochi, Brendan Chijioke Kurawa, Suleiman Tang, Zezhi Wu, Changshun Dong, Yi University of Hertfordshire United Kingdom Federal University of Technology The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Akure Nigeria University of Manchester The Department of Electrical Engineering United Kingdom University of Sheffield The Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering United Kingdom University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble38000 France The School of Electronics & Computer Science University of Southampton United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531812

This study addresses the affine formation maneuver control of cooperative multi-agent systems (MAS) having periodic inter-agent communication for both static and dynamic leader cases. Here, we focus on the leader-follower MASs. The primary aim of the control system is to steer the entire collection of agents to produce required patterns (geometric) along with any required maneuver through the direct control of only few a selected agents referred to as leaders. Most of the existing works are constrained to either the individual agents communicate with each other in continuous-time or the sample-data scenario where the leaders are stationary or have constant acceleration or velocities. Here, we consider the scenarios where the velocities of the leaders can be time-varying or constant. Here, different cases are addressed and some control laws are proposed. Conditions are established to help guarantee the overall stability of the systems. A simulation study is employed for the illustration of our proposed laws. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Continuous time systems

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Digital Twin Agent for Super-Aged Society

Digital Twin Agent for Super-Aged Society

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2022

作者： Kobayashi, Toru Fukae, Kazuki Imai, Tetsuo Arai, Kenichi Graduate School of Engineering Nagasaki University Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Nagasaki Japan Hiroshima City University Graduate School of Information Sciences Department of Intelligent Systems Hiroshima Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665441544

We propose a digital twin agent that constructs elderly digital twins by digitally transforming daily life of the elderly. We developed the digital twin agent as an avatar run on a smartwatch. The digital twin agent provides cooperation support functions with the society to the elderly. Those support function histories will be integrated with the digital twin. The digital twin agent can also monitor indoor daily life activities using distributed small sensors inside home. Then, those monitoring results will be integrated with the same digital twin. We confirmed that the digital twin agent could provide cooperation support functions with the society through evaluation experiments in Nagasaki city in Japan. We also confirmed that the digital twin agent could construct the digital twin based on those support function histories and offer mental health support functions using the constructed digital twin. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Resource Description Framework (RDF)

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High Efficiency Image Correction for Object Detection Improvement in Low-Power Underwater Drones

High Efficiency Image Correction for Object Detection Improv...

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2023 MTS/IEEE U.S. Gulf Coast, OCEANS 2023

作者： Shindo, Kazuto Katayama, Takafumi Song, Tian Shimamoto, Takashi Tokushima University Department of Science and Engineering Minami-Josanjima 2-1 Tokushima City770-8506 Japan Institute of Technology and Science Graduate School of Engineering Tokushima University Computer Systems Engineering Minami-Josanjima 2-1 Tokushima City770-8506 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798218142186

In this paper, we propose a highly efficient underwater image correction method that leverages structural similarity evaluation along with real-time performance from a traditional FUnIEGAN algorithm. The proposed approach is designed for implementation on an embedded GPU module (Jetson Xavier NX), ensuring its practicality and versatility. Furthermore, our method incorporates algorithmic enhancements to significantly enhance color correction performance. To optimize computational resources, we employ automatic mixed precision (AMP), effectively reducing redundancy and enabling rapid processing. As a result, our method demonstrates improved object detection outcomes, achieving an impressive increase in frames per second (FPS) from approximately 55 FPS to about 77 FPS. © 2023 The Marine Technology Society (MTS).

关键词： Object detection

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