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arXiv 2021年

作者： Magann, Alicia B. Rudinger, Kenneth M. Grace, Matthew D. Sarovar, Mohan Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA94550 United States Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185 United States Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

The prospect of using quantum computers to solve combinatorial optimization problems via the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has attracted considerable interest in recent years. However, a key limitation associated with QAOA is the need to classically optimize over a set of quantum circuit parameters. This classical optimization can have significant associated costs and challenges. Here, we provide an expanded description of Lyapunov control-inspired strategies for quantum optimization, as presented in [Magann et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 250502 (2022)], that do not require any classical optimization effort. Instead, these strategies utilize feedback from qubit measurements to assign values to the quantum circuit parameters in a deterministic manner, such that the combinatorial optimization problem solution improves monotonically with the quantum circuit depth. Numerical analyses are presented that investigate the utility of these strategies towards MaxCut on weighted and unweighted 3-regular graphs, both in ideal implementations and also in the presence of measurement noise. We also discuss how how these strategies compare with QAOA, how they may be used to seed QAOA optimizations in order to improve performance for near-term applications, and explore connections to quantum annealing. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Combinatorial optimization

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NC-ALG: Graph-Based Active Learning Under Noisy Crowd

NC-ALG: Graph-Based Active Learning Under Noisy Crowd

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International Conference on Data Engineering

作者： Wentao Zhang Yexin Wang Zhenbang You Yang Li Gang Cao Zhi Yang Bin Cui Center for Machine Learning Research Peking University Institute of Advanced Algorithms Research Shanghai National Engineering Labratory for Big Data Analytics and Applications Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies Peking University Department of Data Platform TEG Tencent Inc. Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Institute of Computational Social Science Peking University Qingdao

ISBN: (数字)9798350317152

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317169

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in various data mining tasks but they heavily rely on a large number of annotated nodes, requiring considerable human efforts. Despite the effectiveness of existing GNN-based Active Learning (AL) methods, they assume that the annotated labels are always correct, which is contradictory to the error-prone labeling process in a practical crowdsourcing environment. Besides, due to this impractical assumption, existing works only focus on optimizing the node selection in AL but neglect optimizing the labeling process. Therefore, we present NC-ALG, the first GNN-based AL framework that optimizes both the node selection and node labeling process under a noisy crowd. For node selection, NC-ALG introduces a new measurement to model influence reliability and an effective influence maximization objective to select nodes. For node labeling, NC-ALG significantly reduces the labeling cost by considering the model-predicted labels and the labels of mirror nodes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to consider GNN-based AL under the practical noisy crowd. Empirical studies on public datasets demonstrate that NC-ALG significantly outperforms existing methods in terms labeling efficiency. Notably, it only takes NC-ALG one-third of the labeling budget that the competitive baseline GRAIN needs to achieve an accuracy of 70.7 % on PubMed.

关键词： Crowdsourcing Costs Noise Predictive models Graph neural networks Labeling Noise measurement

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Fuzzy win-win: A novel approach to quantify win-win using Fuzzy logic

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hassanat, Ahmad B. Altarawneh, Ghada A. Tarawneh, Ahmad S. Faculty of Information Technology Mutah University Jordan Department of accounting Mutah University Karak Jordan Department of Algorithms and Their Applications Eotvos Lorand University Budapest Hungary

The classic win-win has a key flaw in that it cannot offer the parties with right amounts of winning because each party believes they are winners. In reality, one party may win more than the other. This strategy is not limited to a single product or negotiation;it may be applied to a variety of situations in life. We present a novel way to measure the win-win situation in this paper. The proposed method employs the Fuzzy logic to create a mathematical model that aids negotiators in quantifying their winning percentages. The model is put to the test on real-life negotiation scenarios such as the Iranian uranium enrichment negotiations, the Iraqi-Jordanian oil deal, and the iron ore negotiation (2005-2009). The presented model has shown to be a useful tool in practice and can be easily generalized to be utilized in other domains as well. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Fuzzy logic

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Exponential Improvements in the Simulation of Lattice Gauge Theories Using Near-Optimal Techniques

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PRX Quantum 2024年第4期5卷 040347-040347页

作者： Mason L. Rhodes Michael Kreshchuk Shivesh Pathak Center for Computing Research Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA Center for Quantum Information and Control University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Phasecraft Inc. Washington DC 20001 USA Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA

We report a first-of-its-kind analysis on post-Trotter simulation of U(1), SU(2), and SU(3) lattice gauge theories including fermions in arbitrary spatial dimension. We provide explicit circuit constructions as well as T-gate counts and logical qubit counts for Hamiltonian simulation. We find a reduction of up to 25 orders of magnitude in space-time volume over Trotter methods for simulations of non-Abelian lattice gauge theories relevant to the standard model. This improvement results from our algorithm having polynomial scaling with the number of colors in the gauge theory, achieved by utilizing oracle constructions relying on the sparsity of physical operators, in contrast to the exponential scaling seen in state-of-the-art Trotter methods, which employ explicit mappings onto Pauli operators. Our work demonstrates that the use of advanced algorithmic techniques leads to dramatic reductions in the cost of simulating fundamental interactions, bringing it in step with resources required for first-principles quantum simulation of chemistry.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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Affine transformation from fundamental matrix and two directions 15

Affine transformation from fundamental matrix and two direct...

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15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and applications, VISIGRAPP 2020

作者： Le Minh, Nghia Hajder, Levente Department of Algorithms and Their Applications Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C BudapestH-1117 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9789897584022

Researchers have recently shown that affine transformations between corresponding patches of two images can be applied for 3D reconstruction, including the reconstruction of surface normals. However, the accurate estimation of affine transformations between image patches is very challenging. This paper mainly proposes a novel method to estimate affine transformations from two directions if epipolar geometry of the image pair is known. A reconstruction pipeline is also proposed here in short. As side effects, two proofs are also given. The first one is to determine the relationship between affine transformations and the fundamental matrix, the second one shows how optimal surface normal estimation can be obtained via the roots of a cubic polynomial. A visual debugger is also proposed to validate the estimated surface normals in real images. Copyright © 2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear transformations

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Benchmarking Photonic Quantum Machine Learning Simulators

Benchmarking Photonic Quantum Machine Learning Simulators

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International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics ( SACI)

作者： Henrik Varga Attila Kiss Zoltán Kolarovszki Department of Algorithms and their Applications ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Information Systems ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Informatics J. Selye University Komárno Slovakia Department of Programming Languages and Compilers ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Computational Sciences Wigner Research Centre for Physics Budapest Hungary

In the past few years, quantum computing has gotten more attention, and the need for efficient simulations is getting increasingly important as well. A significant branch of quantum computing is photonic quantum computing. For simulating photonic quantum circuits, Strawberry Fields is the most popular framework. In this paper, we compared it with another framework currently under development called Piquasso regarding gradient calculation time, which is an essential part of continuous-variable quantum neural networks. We present the apparent scalability of Piquasso over Strawberry Fields by storing fewer data, but leading to possible accuracy differences as a trade-off, which could motivate future work.

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Chatbots applications in education: A systematic review

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Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence 2021年 2卷

作者： Okonkwo, Chinedu Wilfred Ade-Ibijola, Abejide Formal Structures Algorithms and Industrial Applications Research Cluster Department of Applied Information Systems School of Consumer Intelligence and Information Systems University of Johannesburg Bunting Road Campus Johannesburg South Africa

The introduction of Artificial Intelligence technology enables the integration of Chatbot systems into various aspects of education. This technology is increasingly being used for educational purposes. Chatbot technology has the potential to provide quick and personalised services to everyone in the sector, including institutional employees and students. This paper presents a systematic review of previous studies on the use of Chatbots in education. A systematic review approach was used to analyse 53 articles from recognised digital databases. The review results provide a comprehensive understanding of prior research related to the use of Chatbots in education, including information on existing studies, benefits, and challenges, as well as future research areas on the implementation of Chatbot technology in the field of education. The implications of the findings were discussed, and suggestions were made. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Non-Variational ADAPT algorithm for quantum simulations

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Ho Lun Chen, Yanzhu Biswas, Prakriti Magann, Alicia B. Arenz, Christian Economou, Sophia E. Department of Physics Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States Virginia Tech Center for Quantum Information Science and Engineering BlacksburgVA24061 United States Department of Physics Florida State University TallahasseeFL32306 United States School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185 United States

We explore a non-variational quantum state preparation approach combined with the ADAPT operator selection strategy in the application of preparing the ground state of a desired target Hamiltonian. In this algorithm, energy gradient measurements determine both the operators and the gate parameters in the quantum circuit construction. We compare this non-variational algorithm with ADAPT-VQE and with feedback-based quantum algorithms in terms of the rate of energy reduction, the circuit depth, and the measurement cost in molecular simulation. We find that despite using deeper circuits, this new algorithm reaches chemical accuracy at a similar measurement cost to ADAPT-VQE. Since it does not rely on a classical optimization subroutine, it may provide robustness against circuit parameter errors due to imperfect control or gate synthesis. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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Quantum Computing, Math, and Physics (QCaMP): Introducing Quantum Computing in High Schools

Quantum Computing, Math, and Physics (QCaMP): Introducing Qu...

引用

Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Megan Ivory Alisa Bettale Rachel Boren Ashlyn D. Burch Jake Douglass Lisa Hackett Boris Kiefer Alina Kononov Maryanne Long Mekena Metcalf Tzula B. Propp Mohan Sarovar Photonic Microsystems Technology Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA Office of Government and Community Relations Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA College of Health Education and Social Transformation New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA Technical Business Development Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA Department of Physics New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA Innovation and Ventures HSBC Holdings Plc. San Francisco CA USA Center for Quantum Information & Control University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories Livermore CA USA

The nascent but rapidly growing field of Quantum Information Science and Technology has led to an increased demand for skilled quantum workers and an opportunity to build a diverse workforce at the outset. In order to meet this demand and encourage women and underrepresented minorities in STEM to consider a career in QIST, we have developed a curriculum for introducing quantum computing to teachers and students at the high school level with no prerequisites. In 2022, this curriculum was delivered over the course of two one-week summer camps, one targeting teachers and another targeting students. Here, we present an overview of the objectives, curriculum, and activities, as well as results from the formal evaluation of both camps and the outlook for expanding QCaMP in future years.

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Quantum computer-enabled receivers for optical communication

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Crossman, John Dimitroff, Spencer Cincio, Lukasz Sarovar, Mohan Quantum Algorithms and Applications Collaboratory Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA94550 United States School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States

Optical communication is the standard for high-bandwidth information transfer in today’s digital age. The increasing demand for bandwidth has led to the maturation of coherent transceivers that use phase- and amplitude-modulated optical signals to encode more bits of information per transmitted pulse. Such encoding schemes achieve higher information density, but also require more complicated receivers to discriminate the signaling states. In fact, achieving the ultimate limit of optical communication capacity, especially in the low light regime, requires coherent joint detection of multiple pulses. Despite their superiority, such joint detection receivers are not in widespread use because of the difficulty of constructing them in the optical domain. In this work we describe how optomechanical transduction of phase information from coherent optical pulses to superconducting qubit states followed by the execution of trained short-depth variational quantum circuits can perform joint detection of communication codewords with error probabilities that surpass all classical, individual pulse detection receivers. Importantly, we utilize a model of optomechanical transduction that captures non-idealities such as thermal noise and loss in order to understand the transduction performance necessary to achieve a quantum advantage with such a scheme. We also execute the trained variational circuits on an IBM-Q device with the modeled transduced states as input to demonstrate that a quantum advantage is possible even with current levels of quantum computing hardware noise. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum computers

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