Global demand for data scientists and analysts is on a trajectory of sustained growth, underscoring the need to expand enrollment of students in data science and data analytics courses and programs. This article explo...
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Global demand for data scientists and analysts is on a trajectory of sustained growth, underscoring the need to expand enrollment of students in data science and data analytics courses and programs. This article explores diverse pathways to data science for various groups, including high school students, those in two-year colleges, and students in small colleges and minority-serving institutions. This article identifies opportunities and challenges associated with pursuing data science for students in these sectors, including factors such as building partnerships and awareness of the field and difficulties in establishing articulation agreements between institutions. The authors, representing various organizations participating in a panel discussion at the 2023 Data science Leadership Summit of the Academic Data science Alliance (ADSA), share insights into efforts to develop nontraditional pathways, serving as a resource for schools, colleges, and organizations contemplating creation of data science programs. The panelists’ combined experience spans work with a broad range of organizations including ADSA, American math.matics Association of Two-Year Colleges, American Statistical Association, Data science for Everyone, the department of Education, HBCU Data science Consortium, math.matical Association of America, National Academies of science, Engineering, and Medicine, HBCU Data science Consortium, National science Foundation, and StatPREP.
Naïve CD8 T cells have the potential to differentiate into a spectrum of functional states during an immune response. How these developmental decisions are made and what mechanisms exist to suppress differentiati...
Naïve CD8 T cells have the potential to differentiate into a spectrum of functional states during an immune response. How these developmental decisions are made and what mechanisms exist to suppress differentiation toward alternative fates remains unclear. We employed in vivo CRISPR-Cas9-based perturbation sequencing to assess the role of ~40 transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic modulators in T cell fate decisions. Unexpectedly, we found that knockout of the TF Klf2 resulted in aberrant differentiation to exhausted-like CD8 T cells during acute infection. KLF2 was required to suppress the exhaustion-promoting TF TOX and to enable the TF TBET to drive effector differentiation. KLF2 was also necessary to maintain a polyfunctional tumor-specific progenitor state. Thus, KLF2 provides effector CD8 T cell lineage fidelity and suppresses the exhaustion program.
We propose an approach to distinguish between correct and incorrect image classifications. Our approach can detect misclassifications which either occur unintentionally ("natural errors"), or due to intentio...
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The concept of homology, originally developed as a useful tool in algebraic topology, has by now become pervasive in quite different branches of math.matics. The notion particularly appears quite naturally in ergodic ...
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An antimagic labeling of a connected graph G is a bijection from the set of edges E(G) to {1, 2, ⋯, |E(G)|} such that all vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where the vertex sum at vertex v is the sum of the labels as...
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In this paper, applying the theory of L-fuzzy sets, we introduce the concept of an L-fuzzy ideal (L-fuzzy k-ideal) of an m-ary semigroup. Some properties of them are investigated and some structural theorems for L-fuz...
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In this paper we describe all left, right unital and unital algebra structures on two-dimensional vector space over any algebraically closed field and . We tabulate the algebras and provide their unit elements.
In this paper we describe all left, right unital and unital algebra structures on two-dimensional vector space over any algebraically closed field and . We tabulate the algebras and provide their unit elements.
Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) extraction from biomedical articles consists on extracting sentences were two or more proteins interact. Traditional articles tackle this problem creating more sophisticated classifie...
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Many techniques for data science and uncertainty quantification demand efficient tools to handle Gaussian random fields, which are defined in terms of their mean functions and covariance operators. Recently, parameter...
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Aggregation is a common behavior by which groups of organisms arrange into cohesive groups. Whether suspended in the air (like honey bee clusters), built on the ground (such as army ant bridges), or immersed in water ...
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Aggregation is a common behavior by which groups of organisms arrange into cohesive groups. Whether suspended in the air (like honey bee clusters), built on the ground (such as army ant bridges), or immersed in water (such as sludge worm blobs), these collectives serve a multitude of biological functions, from protection against predation to the ability to maintain a relatively desirable local environment despite a variable ambient environment. In this review, we survey dense aggregations of a variety of insects, other arthropods, and worms from a soft matter standpoint. An aggregation can be orders of magnitude larger than its individual organisms, consisting of tens to hundreds of thousands of individuals, and yet functions as a coherent entity. Understanding how aggregating organisms coordinate with one another to form a superorganism requires an interdisciplinary approach. We discuss how considering the physics of an aggregation can yield additional insights to those gained from ecological and physiological considerations, given that the aggregating individuals exchange information, energy, and matter continually with the environment and one another. While the connection between animal aggregations and the physics of non-living materials has been proposed since the early 1900s, the recent advent of physics of behavior studies provides new insights into social interactions governed by physical principles. Current efforts focus on eusocial insects; however, we show that these may just be the tip of an iceberg of superorganisms that take advantage of physical interactions and simple behavioral rules to adapt to changing environments. By bringing attention to a wide range of invertebrate aggregations, we wish to inspire a new generation of scientists to explore collective dynamics and bring a deeper understanding of the physics of dense living aggregations.
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