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Learned, uncertainty-driven adaptive acquisition for photon-efficient scanning microscopy

Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 12269-12287页

作者： Ye, Cassandra Tong Han, Jiashu Liu, Kunzan Angelopoulos, Anastasios Griffith, Linda Monakhova, Kristina You, Sixian The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA02139 United States Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University in The City of New York New YorkNY10027 United States University of California Berkeley Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Scanning microscopy systems, such as confocal and multiphoton microscopy, are powerful imaging tools for probing deep into biological tissue. However, scanning systems have an inherent trade-off between acquisition time, field of view, phototoxicity, and image quality. This often results in noisy measurements when fast, large field of view, and/or gentle imaging is needed. Deep learning could be used to denoise noisy microscopy measurements, but these algorithms can be prone to hallucination, which can be disastrous for medical and scientific applications. We propose a method to simultaneously denoise and predict pixel-wise uncertainty for scanning microscopy systems, improving algorithm trustworthiness and providing statistical guarantees for deep learning predictions. Furthermore, we propose to leverage this learned, pixel-wise uncertainty to drive an adaptive acquisition technique that rescans only the most uncertain regions of a sample, saving time and reducing the total light dose to the sample. We demonstrate our method on experimental confocal and multiphoton microscopy systems, showing that our uncertainty maps can pinpoint hallucinations in the deep learned predictions. Finally, with our adaptive acquisition technique, we demonstrate up to 16× reduction in acquisition time and total light dose while successfully recovering fine features in the sample and reducing hallucinations. We are the first to demonstrate distribution-free uncertainty quantification for a denoising task with real experimental data and the first to propose adaptive acquisition based on reconstruction uncertainty. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Pixels

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Statistical mechanics and pressure of composite optical systems

Statistical mechanics and pressure of composite optical syst...

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CLEO: Fundamental Science, CLEO:FS 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Efremidis, Nikolaos K. Christodoulides, Demetrios N. Department of Applied Mathematics University of Crete Heraklion71409 Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics FORTH Crete Heraklion70013 Greece Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States

We develop a thermodynamic theory that takes into account the synergistic action of multiple components. We compute the optomechanical pressure and find that the type of the nonlinearity involved can lead to different... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Electro-optical waveguides Laser theory Lasers and electrooptics Thermodynamics

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The Formulation of Finite Difference RBFWENO Schemes for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws:An Alternative Technique

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Advances in applied mathematics and Mechanics 2023年第4期15卷 1023-1055页

作者： Rooholah Abedian Mehdi Dehghan School of Engineering Science College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranIran Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Computer ScienceAmirkabir University of TechnologyNo.424Hafez Ave.TehranIran

To solve conservation laws,efficient schemes such as essentially nonoscillatory(ENO)and weighted ENO(WENO)have been introduced to control the Gibbs *** on radial basis functions(RBFs)with the classical WENO-JS weights,a new type of WENO schemes has been proposed to solve conservation laws[*** et al.,***.,70(2017),pp.551–575].The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new formulation of conservative finite difference RBFWENO schemes to solve conservation *** the usual method for reconstructing the flux functions,the flux function is generated directly with the conservative *** with Guo and Jung(2017),the main advantage of this framework is that arbitrary monotone fluxes can be employed,while in Guo and Jung(2017)only smooth flux splitting can be used to reconstruct flux *** 1D and 2D benchmark problems are prepared to demonstrate the good performance of the new scheme.

关键词： Weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme radial basis functions interpolation ﬁnite difference method hyperbolic conservation laws

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Parameters Estimation of Modified Triple Diode Model of PSCs Considering Charge Accumulations and Electric Field Effects Using Puma Optimizer

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第4期143卷 723-745页

作者： Amlak Abaza Ragab A.El-Sehiemy Mona Gafar Ahmed Bayoumi Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt Department of Computer Engineering and Information College of Engineering inWadi AlddawasirPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityKharj16278Saudi Arabia Machine Learning and Information Retrieval Department Artificial IntelligenceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt Electrical Department Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyBadr University in CairoBadr11829Egypt Physics and Mathematics Department Faculty of EngineeringKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33516Egypt College of Engineering Al-Ayen UniversityThi-Qar64001Iraq

Promoting the high penetration of renewable energies like photovoltaic(PV)systems has become an urgent issue for expanding modern power grids and has accomplished several challenges compared to existing distribution *** study measures the effectiveness of the Puma optimizer(PO)algorithm in parameter estimation of PSC(perovskite solar cells)dynamic models with hysteresis consideration considering the electric field effects on *** models used in this study will incorporate hysteresis effects to capture the time-dependent behavior of PSCs *** PO optimizes the proposed modified triple diode model(TDM)with a variable voltage capacitor and resistances(VVCARs)considering the hysteresis *** suggested PO algorithm contrasts with other wellknown optimizers from the literature to demonstrate its *** results emphasize that the PO realizes a lower RMSE(Root mean square errors),which proves its capability and efficacy in parameter extraction for the *** statistical results emphasize the efficiency and supremacy of the proposed PO compared to the other well-known competing *** convergence rates show good,fast,and stable convergence rates with lower RMSE via PO compared to the other five competitive ***,the lowermean realized via the PO optimizer is illustrated by the box plot for all optimizers.

关键词： Dynamic model of PSCs puma optimizer parameter estimation triple diode model

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End-To-End Encryption Enabled Lightweight Mutual Authentication Scheme for Resource Constrained IoT Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3223-3249页

作者： Shafi Ullah Haidawati Muhammad Nasir Kushsairy Kadir Akbar Khan Ahsanullah Memon Shanila Azhar Ilyas Khan Muhammad Ashraf Department of Computer Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Computer Engineering Section Malaysian Institute of Technology Universiti Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur50250Malaysia Electrical Engineering Section Universiti Kuala LumpurBritish Malaysian InstituteSalengor53100Malaysia Electrical Engineering Department Mehran UniversityKhairpur-Mirs76062Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication networks consist of resource-constrained autonomous devices, also known as autonomous Internet of things (IoTs) or machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) which act as a backbone for Industrial IoT, smart cities, and other autonomous systems. Due to the limited computing and memory capacity, these devices cannot maintain strong security if conventional security methods are applied such as heavy encryption. This article proposed a novel lightweight mutual authentication scheme including elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) driven end-to-end encryption through curve25519 such as (i): efficient end-to-end encrypted communication with pre-calculation strategy using curve25519;and (ii): elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) based mutual authentication technique through a novel lightweight hash function. The proposed scheme attempts to efficiently counter all known perception layer security threats. Moreover, the pre-calculated key generation strategy resulted in cost-effective encryption with 192-bit curve security. It showed comparative efficiency in key strength, and curve strength compared with similar authentication schemes in terms of computational and memory cost, communication performance and encryption robustness.

关键词： Mutual authentication lightweight end-to-end encryption elliptic curve cryptography industrial internet of things curve25519 machine-to-machine communication

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Text-independent speaker identification system using discrete wavelet transform with linear prediction coding

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Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for engineering and Architecture 2024年第2期15卷 112-119页

作者： Alrusaini, Othman Daqrouq, Khaled Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences Applied College Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 24382 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

One of the key problems of the modern day is the presentation of an identity verification system that can perform sufficient accuracy in identity verification, is resilient to assaults and noises, and can be recorded in the simplest possible method. In this study, a new speaker feature extraction which based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and linear prediction coding (LPC) algorithm (WLPCA) are investigated. This paper's primary objective is to evidence the performance of the new method for speaker identification by a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The proposed method improves the recognition rate over the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC). Experimental evaluation of the process performance is performed on two speech databases;our recorded database and the publicly available TIMIT database. We show that the speech features derived by the newly proposed method are more suitable for GMM (91.53%), in terms of the time-consumed, by requiring less Gaussian mixtures than MFCC (85.77%). For testing the presented method in a noisy environment, Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) was added to the TIMIT database, where a slight improvement in the performance of the presented method (60.02%) over the MFCC (59.89%) was observed. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Gaussian mixture model Linear prediction coding Speech Text-independent Wavelet

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High probability convergence bounds for non-convex stochastic gradient descent with sub-weibull noise

The Journal of Machine Learning Research

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The Journal of Machine Learning Research 2024年第1期25卷 11648-11683页

作者： Liam Madden Stephen Becker Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado Boulder

Stochastic gradient descent is one of the most common iterative algorithms used in machine learning and its convergence analysis is a rich area of research. Understanding its convergence properties can help inform what modifications of it to use in different settings. However, most theoretical results either assume convexity or only provide convergence results in mean. This paper, on the other hand, proves convergence bounds in high probability without assuming convexity. Assuming strong smoothness, we prove high probability convergence bounds in two settings: (1) assuming the Polyak- Lojasiewicz inequality and norm sub-Gaussian gradient noise and (2) assuming norm sub-Weibull gradient noise. In the second setting, as an intermediate step to proving convergence, we prove a sub-Weibull martingale difference sequence self-normalized concentration inequality of independent interest. It extends Freedman-type concentration beyond the sub-exponential threshold to heavier-tailed martingale difference sequences. We also provide a post-processing method that picks a single iterate with a provable convergence guarantee as opposed to the usual bound for the unknown best iterate. Our convergence result for sub-Weibull noise extends the regime where stochastic gradient descent has equal or better convergence guarantees than stochastic gradient descent with modifications such as clipping, momentum, and normalization.

关键词： stochastic gradient descent convergence bounds sub-Weibull distributions Polyak-Lojasiewicz inequality freedman inequality

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Assessing the Circuit Requirements for a Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer on 65-nm CMOS Technology 37

Assessing the Circuit Requirements for a Real-Time Spectrum ...

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37th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference, SOCC 2024

作者： Hotkani, Mojgan Mirzaei Bousquet, Jean-Francois Martin, Bruce Malekshahi, Ehsan Dalhousie University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Halifax Canada Jasco Applied Sciences Dartmouth Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377569

This paper presents a detailed investigation into the development and assessment of a real-time spectrum analyzer implemented on a 65-nm CMOS Technology Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). The analyzer features a developed Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm designed for optimal energy efficiency and minimal area usage, with a structured architecture for low, middle, and high-frequency ranges. Operating at a clock frequency of 14 MHz, the signal is sampled at 65536 Hz to produce a wideband power spectral density represented on a logarithmic scale. Integration with an ADS8881 ADC ensures high-fidelity input, and the output is transmitted to a host computer via a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). The study includes detailed evaluations through pre-synthesis simulation, post-synthesis simulation, and practical implementation on a Nexys4 FPGA board. The proposed FFT algorithm undergoes rigorous simulation at various synthesis stages, providing a nuanced performance analysis. Practical functionality is assessed on the FPGA, offering insights into the behavior of the circuit. The paper also discusses comprehensively the system's power consumption and calculates the maximum area utilization for the 65-nm CMOS technology, providing essential metrics for optimizing power efficiency and physical footprint. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Generic model of metadata management system for data lakes

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International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies 2023年第4期16卷 315-328页

作者： Elkina, Hamza Sahib, Mohamed Rida Zaki, Taher Department of Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems Laboratory of Innovation in Mathematics and Intelligent Systems Faculty of Applied Sciences Ibnou Zohr University Agadir Morocco

Data lake metadata management is crucial for clearly describing stored data and ensuring efficient search query results, especially for semi-structured and unstructured data. Moreover, high-quality metadata provides the necessary information for decision-making. Therefore, we propose a new approach called Metadata Management for Data Lakes (MMDL) based on metadata quality and classification. Additionally, we introduce a generic model adapted to the context of a data lake by including data lake zones to identify data location during its lifecycle. The model aligns with the proposed approach and enables the handling of metrics used to evaluate metadata quality and metadata sources for provenance classification. Copyright © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data quality

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Secrecy Rate Threshold VS. An Optimum Power Splitting Factor Using Beamforming Technique in PHY Layer Security for MU-MIMO Systems 3

Secrecy Rate Threshold VS. An Optimum Power Splitting Factor...

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3rd IEEE International Maghreb Meeting of the Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and computer engineering, MI-STA 2023

作者： Elhoula, Abeer A S Abousetta, Marai M. Ghmati, Tarek Saleh M. Libyan Academy School of Applied Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Libya Elemrgib University Al-Graboulli Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Libya

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319897

This paper describes a new approach to the problem of interception of wireless communication channels between the legitimate users. Physical PHY Layer Security (PLS) is new topic enhancing the secrecy performance of a Multi-User Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) system for wireless communication from a single base-station to many users. Beamforming techniques such as "Pre-Maximum Ratio Combining (P-MRC) and Pre-Equal Gain Combining (P-EGC)"with assumption of perfect Channel State Information CSI is considered in order to achieve the perfect secure transmission between legitimate users. Along with beamforming, Artificial Noise (AN) is a technology that is being studied. The plotted achievable worst-case of secrecy rate down to the best secrecy rate value (threshold of secrecy rate) versus the power allocation fractions (The power splitting factor). The achieved threshold of secrecy rates for the implemented MU-MIMO were used by Matched Filter (MF) beamforming schemes (P-MRC) and (P-EGC) and suggested that the (P-MRC) is considered as an optimal beamforming technique in order to achieve a best secrecy rate or best threshold of secrecy rate for a nearest Information User (IU) to the Eavesdropper Eve. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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