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Fibrillar adhesives with unprecedented adhesion strength,switchability and scalability

National science Review 2024年第10期11卷 20-33页

作者： Changhong Linghu Yangchengyi Liu Xudong Yang Dong Li Yee Yuan Tan Mohamed Haziq Bin Mohamed Hafiz Mohammad Fadhli Bin Rohani Zihao Du Jiangtao Su Yan Li Yucheng Huo Hanyan Xu Xiufeng Wang Yifan Wang Jing Yu Huajian Gao K.Jimmy Hsia School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang University School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Institute of High-Performance Computing A*STAR Mechano-X Institute Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological University

Bio-inspired fibrillar adhesives have received worldwide attention but their potentials have been limited by a trade-off between adhesion strength and adhesion switchability, and a size scale effect that restricts the fibrils to micro/nanoscales. Here, we report a class of adhesive fibrils that achieve unprecedented adhesion strength（～2 MPa）, switchability（～2000）, and scalability（up to millimeter-scale at the single fibril level）,by leveraging the rubber-to-glass（R2G） transition in shape memory polymers（SMPs）. Moreover, R2G SMP fibrillar adhesive arrays exhibit a switchability of >1000（with the aid of controlled buckling） and an adhesion efficiency of 57.8%, with apparent contact area scalable to 1000 mm2, outperforming existing fibrillar adhesives. We further demonstrate that the SMP fibrillar adhesives can be used as soft grippers and reusable superglue devices that are capable of holding and releasing heavy objects >2000 times of their own weight. These findings represent significant advances in smart fibrillar adhesives for numerous applications,especially those involving high-payload scenarios.

关键词： JKR-DMT transition rubber-to-glass (R2G) transition R2G fibrillar adhesives shape memory polymers adhesion switchability and scalability

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Measurements of Diffusion Coefficients in Liquid Alloys Using Two Measurement Points of In Situ X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

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Defect and Diffusion Forum 2025年 439卷 127-138页

作者： Kobayashi, Yoshihiro Shiinoki, Masato Masaki, Tadahiko Suzuki, Shinsuke Department of Materials Science Waseda University Tokyo Japan Department of Applied Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan Kagami Memorial Institute of Materials Science and Technology Waseda University Tokyo Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

This study aims to quantify the improvement in diffusion experiments in liquid alloys using two measurement points of in situ X-ray fluorescence analysis (in situ XRF). The impurity diffusion coefficient of Bi in liquid Sn at 573 K was measured by monitoring the temporal change in Bi concentration at two fixed points using in situ XRF. Two XRF measurement points were set in order to determine two unknown parameters corresponding to the diffusion coefficient and initial concentration at the measurement point immediately after complete melting. When only one measurement point was set for in situ XRF, the initial concentration was treated as a variable, and the obtained impurity diffusion coefficients of Bi deviated by 20%–30% from the reliable reference data. Using two measurement points for in situ XRF, the obtained impurity diffusion coefficient of Bi was (2.44±0.08)×10-9 m2 s-1, which agreed with the reference data obtained under microgravity and on the ground. © 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Bismuth alloys

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Strengthening-softening transition and maximum strength in Schwarz nanocrystals

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Nano materials science 2024年第3期6卷 320-328页

作者： Hanzheng Xing Jiaxi Jiang Yujia Wang Yongpan Zeng Xiaoyan Li Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials Applied Mechanics LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore138632Singapore

Recently,a Schwarz crystal structure with curved grain boundaries(GBs)constrained by twin-boundary(TB)networks was discovered in nanocrystalline Cu through experiments and atomistic *** Cu with nanosized Schwarz crystals exhibited high strength and excellent thermal ***,the grainsize effect and associated deformation mechanisms of Schwarz nanocrystals remain ***,we performed large-scale atomistic simulations to investigate the deformation behaviors and grain-size effect of nanocrystalline Cu with Schwarz *** simulations showed that similar to regular nanocrystals,Schwarz nanocrystals exhibit a strengthening-softening transition with decreasing grain *** critical grain size in Schwarz nanocrystals is smaller than that in regular nanocrystals,leading to a maximum strength higher than that of regular *** simulations revealed that the softening in Schwarz nanocrystals mainly originates from TB migration(or detwinning)and annihilation of GBs,rather than GB-mediated processes(including GB migration,sliding and diffusion)dominating the softening in regular *** analyses of simulation data further showed that compared with those in regular nanocrystals,the GB-mediated processes in Schwarz nanocrystals are suppressed,which is related to the low volume fraction of amorphous-like GBs and constraints of TB *** smaller critical grain size arises from the suppression of GB-mediated processes.

关键词： Schwarz nanocrystal Curved grain boundary Atomistic simulation Grain size effect Maximum strength

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Dynamic recrystallization behavior and strengthening mechanism of a novel Mo-Ti_(3)AlC_(2) alloy at ultrahigh temperature

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3946-3960页

作者： Lu Yang Xin-Yuan Zheng Yang Zhao Xi-Ran Wang Fang-Nao Xiao Shi-Zhong Wei School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003China Department of Applied Mechanics Univ.Bourgogne FrancheComteFEMTO-ST InstituteCNRS/UF/ENSMM/UTBM25000BesangonFrance

Increasing the recrystallization temperature to achieve better high-temperature performance is critical in the development of molybdenum alloys for ultrahightemperature applications,such as the newest generation of multitype high-temperature nuclear *** this study,an innovative strategy was proposed to improve the performance of molybdenum alloys at high temperature by using the two-dimensional MAX(where M is an early transition metal,A is an A-group element and X is C or N)ceramic material Ti_(3)AlC_(2).The relationships between flow stress,strain rate and temperature were *** microstructure,distribution of misorientation and evolution of dislocations in the Mo-Ti_(3)AlC_(2) alloy were *** microscopic mechanism of the Ti_(3)AlC_(2) phase in the molybdenum alloy at high temperatures was *** experimental results showed that the peak flow stress of Mo-Ti_(3)AlC_(2) at 1600℃ reached 155 MPa,which was161.8% greater than that of pure *** activation energy of thermal deformation of Mo-Ti_(3)AlC_(2) was as large as537 kJ·mol~(-1),which was 17.6% more than that of pure *** recrystallization temperature reached 1600℃ or even *** topological reaction of the Ti_(3)AlC_(2) phase consumed a large amount of energy at high temperatures,resulting in increases in the deformation activation *** structures of AlTi_3 and Ti-O Magneli-phase oxides(Ti_nO_(2n-1)) were formed in-situ,which relied on kink bands and interlayer slip,resulting in many dislocations during ***,the special two-dimensional of the structure Ti_(3)AlC_(2) ceramic inhibited the recrystallization behavior of the Mo *** results of this study can provide theoretical guidance for the development of a new generation of molybdenum alloys for use in ultrahigh-temperature environments.

关键词： Mo alloy Two-dimensional reinforcement Dynamic recrystallization behavior Hot deformation Mechanical properties

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Hydrogen trapping and diffusion in polycrystalline nickel:The spectrum of grain boundary segregation

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2024年第6期173卷 225-236页

作者： Yu Ding Haiyang Yu Meichao Lin Michael Ortiz Senbo Xiao Jianying He Zhiliang Zhang Department of Structural Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim 7491Norway Division of Applied Mechanics Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUppsala UniversityUppsala 75121Sweden Graduate Aerospace Laboratories California Institute of Technology1200 E.California Blvd.PasadenaCA 91125USA

Hydrogen as an interstitial solute at grain boundaries(GBs)can have a catastrophic impact on the mechanical properties of many *** the global research effort,the underlying hydrogen-GB interactions in polycrystals remain inadequately *** this study,using Voronoi tessellations and atomistic simulations,we elucidate the hydrogen segregation energy spectrum at the GBs of polycrystalline nickel by exploring all the topologically favorable segregation *** distinct peaks in the energy spectrum are identified,corresponding to different structural *** first peak(-0.205 eV)represents the most favorable segregation sites at GB core,while the second and third peaks account for the sites at GB *** incorporating a thermodynamic model,the spectrum enables the determination of the equilibrium hydrogen concentrations at GBs,unveiling a remarkable two to three orders of magnitude increase compared to the bulk hydrogen concentration reported in experimental *** identified structures from the GB spectrum exhibit vastly different behaviors in hydrogen segregation and diffusion,with the low-barrier channels inside GB core contributing to short-circuit diffusion,while the high energy gaps between GB and neighboring lattice serving as on-plane diffusion *** square displacement analysis further confirms the findings,and shows that the calculated GB diffusion coefficient is three orders of magnitude greater than that of *** present study has a significant implication for practical applications since it offers a tool to bridge the gap between atomic-scale interactions and macroscopic behaviors in engineering materials.

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement Grain boundaries Impurity segregation Polycrystal Atomistic simulations

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Machine learning potential assisted exploration of complex defect potential energy surfaces

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npj Computational materials 2024年第1期10卷 3017-3023页

作者： Chao Jiang Chris A.Marianetti Marat Khafizov David H.Hurley Computational Mechanics and Materials Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID 83415USA Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Materials Science and Engineering Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID 83415USA

Atomic-scale defects generated in materials under both equilibrium and irradiation conditions can significantly impact their physical and mechanical *** the energetically most favorable ground-state configurations of these defects is an important step towards the fundamental understanding of their influence on the performance of materials ranging from photovoltaics to advanced nuclear ***,using fluorite-structured thorium dioxide(ThO_(2))as an exemplar,we demonstrate how density functional theory and machine learning interatomic potential can be synergistically combined into a powerful tool that enables exhaustive exploration of the large configuration spaces of small point defect *** study leads to several unexpected discoveries,including defect polymorphism and ground-state structures that defy our physical *** physical origins of these unexpected findings are elucidated using a local cluster expansion model developed in this work.

关键词： properties defect potential

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Solid solution dependence of the deformation behavior in Mg-xZn(x=0,1,2 wt%)alloys:In-situ neutron diffraction and crystal plasticity modeling

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第2期13卷 823-838页

作者： Huai Wang Soo Yeol Lee You Sub Kim Huamiao Wang Wanchuck Woo Ke An School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Neutron Science Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon 34057Republic of Korea Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge 37831United States

The effects of solid solution on the deformation behavior of binary Mg-xZn(x=0,1,2 wt%)alloys featuring a designated texture that enables extension twinning under tension parallel to the basal pole in most grains,were investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction and the EVPSC-TDT *** diffraction was used to quantitatively track grain-level lattice strains and diffraction intensity changes(related to mechanical twinning)in differently oriented grains of each alloy during cyclic tensile/compressive *** measurements were accurately captured by the *** stress-strain curves of Mg-1 wt%Zn and Mg-2 wt%Zn alloys show as-expected solid solution strengthening from the addition of Zn compared to pure *** macroscopic yielding and hardening behaviors are explained by alternating slip and twinning modes as calculated by the *** solid solution's influence on individual deformation modes,including basal〈a〉slip,prismatic〈a〉slip,and extension twinning,was then quantitatively assessed in terms of activity,yielding behavior,and hardening response by combining neutron diffraction results with crystal plasticity *** Mg-1 wt%Zn alloy displays distinct yielding and hardening behavior due to solid solution softening of prismatic〈a〉***,the dependence of extension twinning,in terms of the twinning volume fraction,on Zn content exhibits opposite trends under tensile and compressive loadings.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Deformation behavior Solid solution Crystal plasticity modeling Neutron diffraction

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Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance

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National science Review 2023年第8期10卷 203-210页

作者： Tongxiang Tang Zhonghui Shen Jian Wang Shiqi Xu Jiaxi Jiang Jiahui Chang Mengfan Guo Youjun Fan Yao Xiao Zhihao Dong Houbing Huang Xiaoyan Li Yihui Zhang Danyang Wang Long-Qing Chen Ke Wang Shujun Zhang Ce-Wen Nan Yang Shen State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Center of Smart Materials and Devices Wuhan University of Technology Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsUniversity of Wollongong

Flexible piezoelectric materials capable of withstanding large deformation play key roles in flexible electronics. Ferroelectric ceramics with a high piezoelectric coefficient are inherently brittle, whereas polar polymers exhibit a low piezoelectric coefficient. Here we report a highly stretchable/compressible piezoelectric composite composed of ferroelectric ceramic skeleton, elastomer matrix and relaxor ferroelectric-based hybrid at the ceramic/matrix interface as dielectric transition layers, exhibiting a giant piezoelectric coefficient of 250 picometers per volt, high electromechanical coupling factor keff of 65%,ultralow acoustic impedance of 3MRyl and high cyclic stability under 50% compression strain. The superior flexibility and piezoelectric properties are attributed to the electric polarization and mechanical load transfer paths formed by the ceramic skeleton, and dielectric mismatch mitigation between ceramic fillers and elastomer matrix by the dielectric transition layer. The synergistic fusion of ultrahigh piezoelectric properties and superior flexibility in these polymer composites is expected to drive emerging applications in flexible smart electronics.

关键词： polymer composites piezoelectric materials structure design flexible electronics

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Effects of calendering state on coupled electrochemical-mechanical performance of silicon based composite electrodes

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第5期3卷 34-41页

作者： Dawei Li Hongfei Wan Jiahui Liu Hainan Jiang Yikai Wang Junqian Zhang Yuejiu Zheng School of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The super volume changes and severe mechanical degradation have been a hindrance in the wide application of silicon based composite electrodes in commercial lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Calendering,one procedure in producing LIBs'electrodes,is indispensable to ensure low porosity and energy ***,the repercussions of the calendering process on the physical characteristics related to the behavior of silicon(Si)based electrodes during the electrochemical reaction have not been well ***,on account of the deformation characteristic of cantilever electrodes,an in-situ technique is employed to analyze the repercussions of calendering status on the coupled electro-chemo-mechanical *** the electrochemical cycling,Young's modulus and diffusion-induced stress in composite electrodes are *** results show that the swelling strain,the stress and the modulus of the Si-based electrode and the calendering degree are positively ***,the stress induced by diffusion in the active layer tends to increase in the stage of lithiation and reverses during the delithiation *** with the SEM analysis,we conclude that the calendering process can induce larger stress,driving the formation of cracks in *** findings can help understand how the calendering process could affect the capacity dissipating and lifetime of Si based electrodes.

关键词： Calendering degree In situ measurement Coupled electro-mechan-chemical properties Si composite electrode Stress evolution

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High Density 3D Carbon Tube Nanoarray Electrode Boosting the Capacitance of Filter Capacitor

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 242-254页

作者： Gan Chen Fangming Han Huachun Ma Pei Li Ziyan Zhou Pengxiang Wang Xiaoyan Li Guowen Meng Bingqing Wei Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Mechano‑X Institute Applied Mechanics LaboratoryDepartment of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)with fast frequency response are regarded as small-scale alternatives to the commercial bulky aluminum electrolytic *** carbon-based nanoarray electrodes with precise alignment and smooth ion channels is crucial for enhancing EDLCs’***,controlling the density of macropore-dominated nanoarray electrodes poses challenges in boosting the capacitance of line-filtering ***,a simple technique to finely adjust the vertical-pore diameter and inter-spacing in three-dimensional nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide(3D-AAO)template is achieved,and 3D compactly arranged carbon tube(3D-CACT)nanoarrays are created as electrodes for symmetrical EDLCs using nanoporous 3D-AAO template-assisted chemical vapor deposition of *** 3D-CACT electrodes demonstrate a high surface area of 253.0 m^(2) g^(−1),a D/G band intensity ratio of 0.94,and a C/O atomic ratio of *** a result,the high-density 3D-CT nanoarray-based sandwich-type EDLCs demonstrate a record high specific areal capacitance of 3.23 mF cm^(-2) at 120 Hz and exceptional fast frequency response due to the vertically aligned and highly ordered nanoarray of closely packed CT *** 3D-CT nanoarray electrode-based EDLCs could serve as line filters in integrated circuits,aiding power system miniaturization.

关键词： Compactly arranged Three-dimensional carbon tube nanoarray Dimensional carbon tube nanoarray Fast frequency response Electric double-layer capacitors Layer capacitors AC line-filtering Filtering

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