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Influence of viscosity on chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells during 3D culture in viscous gelatin solution-embedded hydrogels

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2021年第4期63卷 1-8页

作者： Kyubae Lee Yazhou Chen Xiaomeng Li Naoki Kawazoe Yingnan Yang Guoping Chen Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki305-0044Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Graduate School of Pure and Applied SciencesUniversity of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki305-8577Japan School of Mechanics and Engineering Science Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki305-8571Japan

Differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)is regulated by a variety of cues of their surrounding *** particular,mechanical properties of cell culture matrices have been recently disclosed to play a pivotal role in stem cell ***,it remains elusive how viscosity affects the chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs during three-dimensional(3 D)*** this study,a 3 D culture system that was established by embedding viscous gelatin solution in chemically cross-linked gelatin hydrogels was used for 3 D culture of hMSCs in gelatin solutions with different *** influence of solution viscosity on chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs was *** gelatin solutions promoted cell proliferation in the order of low,middle and high viscosity while elastic hydrogels restricted cell *** viscosity gelatin solution led to increased production of the cartilaginous *** the synergistic stimulation of chondrogenic induction factors,high viscosity was beneficial for the chondrogenic differentiation of *** results suggested the role of viscosity should be considered as one of the dominant mechanical cues affecting stem cell differentiation.

关键词： viscosity culture stimulation

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Elevated Temperature Deposition of Metal (Nb, Ti) – Max (Ti2alc) Phase Nanolaminates: Synthesis, Microstructure and Micro-Mechanical Characterization

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Supakul, Skye Jain, Manish Yaddanapudi, Krishna Gruber, Jacob El-Atwani, Osman Tucker, Garritt J. Pathak, Siddhartha Materials Science and Engineering Department Iowa State University IA50011 United States Laboratory for Mechanics of Materials and Nanostructures Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California DavisCA95616 United States Materials Science Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO80401 United States Materials Science and Technology Division Department of Physics Baylor University WacoTX76706 United States

We utilize elevated temperature physical vapor deposition techniques to design metal/MAX multilayered nanocomposite thin films with alternating nanoscale metallic (Nb, Ti) and MAX phase (Ti2AlC) layer thicknesses. These metal/MAX nanolaminate architectures attempt to exploit a unique hierarchical topology – as interfaces between the layers are expected to be in direct competition with the internal interfaces within the MAX layers, to drive their tunable macroscopic mechanical behavior. Our first deposition attempt with the Nb/Ti2AlC metal/MAX system showed highly diffused layer interfaces with distinct Ti rich and Nb-Al rich layers, with the presence of MAX phase alongside TiC and other Ti-Al and Nb-Al intermetallic phases. The Nb/Ti2AlC system possessed a layered architecture, though the MAX phases were not found to be continuously present in each alternating layer. The second Ti/Ti2AlC system showed a non-lamellar nanocomposite microstructure and the formation of mixed Tin+1AlCn phases (a mix of n = 1, 2), and no indication of layering. Diffusion occurring between the metal/MAX layers in both cases, likely due to the elevated temperatures during the deposition process, is speculated as the likely cause of these resultant microstructures. The mechanical properties of both systems were evaluated using micromechanical (nanoindentation and micro-pillar compression) techniques, and were found to be within the bounds predicted by composite theory for the Nb system (yield and instability strengths of 4.88±0.1 GPa and 5.57±0.03 GPa ) and just short of expectations for the Ti system (yield and instability strength of 5.61±0.28 GPa and 6.21±0.25 GPa). This work provides important insights for future depositions, such as the need to effectively block/mitigate interlayer diffusion by either lowering the deposition temperature or adding a third layer that can act as a diffusion barrier. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocomposites

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In-plane Wilson loop for measurement of quantized non-Abelian Berry flux

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Physical Review B 2024年第19期109卷 195149-195149页

作者： Alexander C. Tyner Shouvik Sur Qunfei Zhou Danilo Puggioni Pierre Darancet James M. Rondinelli Pallab Goswami Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Materials Research Science and Engineering Center Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Northwestern Argonne Institute for Science and Engineering Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Band topology of anomalous quantum Hall insulators can be precisely addressed by computing the Chern numbers of constituent nondegenerate bands, describing the presence of quantized, Abelian Berry flux through the two-dimensional Brillouin zone. Can Berry flux be captured for the SU(2) Berry connection of two-fold degenerate bands in spinful materials preserving space-inversion (P) and time-reversal (T) symmetries without detailed knowledge of underlying basis? We address this question by investigating the correspondence between a non-Abelian generalization of Stokes' theorem and the manifestly gauge-invariant eigenvalues of Wilson loops computed along in-plane contours which preserve the underlying crystalline symmetry. The importance of this correspondence is elucidated by performing natural number resolved classification of ab initio band structures of three-dimensional, Dirac materials. Our work underscores how identification of quantized Berry flux, both Abelian and non-Abelian, offers a unified framework for addressing first-order and higher-order topology of insulators and semimetals.

关键词： Electronic structure of atoms & molecules First-principles calculations Topological insulators

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Ultrahigh zT from strong electron-phonon interactions and a low-dimensional Fermi surface

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Energy and Environmental science 2024年第5期17卷 1904-1915页

作者： Ranganayakulu, V.K. Wang, Te-Hsien Chen, Cheng-Lung Huang, Angus Ma, Ma-Hsuan Wu, Chun-Min Tsai, Wei-Han Hung, Tsu-Lien Ou, Min-Nan Jeng, Horng-Tay Lee, Chih-Hao Chen, Kuei-Hsien Li, Wen-Hsien Brod, Madison K. Snyder, G. Jeffrey Chen, Yang-Yuan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Physics National Chung Hsing University Taichung City40227 Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin64002 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Semiconductor Materials and Fabrication Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Central University Jhongli32001 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Chengchi University Taipei11605 Taiwan

The outstanding thermoelectric performance of GeTe has attracted significant attention in the research community in recent years. However, many of the underlying physical mechanisms that contribute to GeTe's exceptionally high figure of merit (zT) remain not fully understood. In this study, an Sb-Bi codoped GeTe single crystal (Ge0.86Sb0.08Bi0.06)Te with an ultrahigh zT of 2.7 at 700 K and a record high device zT of 1.41 in the temperature range of 300-773 K was synthesized and investigated. The ultrahigh zT is attributed to the extremely low lattice thermal conductivity induced by strong electron-phonon (EP) interactions as revealed by the experimentally observed Kohn anomaly, through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements. First-principles calculations further demonstrate that the remarkable EP interaction arises from the Fermi surface nesting featured in a one-dimensional (double-walled) topology. Our finding unravels the ultrahigh-zT mechanism in GeTe-based materials, serving as an inspiring guide toward high thermoelectric performance. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Neutron scattering

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Synergetic effects of multiple junction and surface hydroxyl in Cu/CuO/Cu2O/TiO2 heterostructures towards highly efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen generation

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materials science for Energy Technologies 2025年 8卷 131-142页

作者： Subagyo, Riki Anindika, Garcelina Rizky Aufkani, Afif Akmal Zhang, Lei Ardhyananta, Hosta Burhan, R.Y. Perry Nugraheni, Zjahra Vianita Akhlus, Syafsir Bahruji, Hasliza Prasetyoko, Didik Wellia, Diana Vanda Ivansyah, Atthar Luqman Arramel Kusumawati, Yuly Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Analytic Data Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Center of Excellence Applied Physics and Chemistry Nano Center Indonesia Jl PUSPIPTEK South Tangerang Banten15314 Indonesia Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore117551 Singapore Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Centre of Advanced Material and Energy Science Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link BE 1410 Brunei Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Andalas Padang25163 Indonesia Master Program in Computational Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Instrumentation and Computational Physics Research Group Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No.10 West Java Bandung40132 Indonesia

The implementation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst material in hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction (HER) has embarked renewed interest in the past decade. Rapid electron-hole pairs recombination and wide band gap of a photo-sensitive material of TiO2 are detrimental toward the targeted catalytical reaction. In this study, we present the rational design, fabrication, photocatalytic performance of TiO2-Cu/CuO/Cu2O heterostructures (CuTi) using viable chemical reduction method. The Z-scheme and S-scheme are succesfully generated across the TiO2/CuO/Cu2O interfaces, while the Schottky junction arises on the Cu perimeters. This is evidenced from the blue shifted about 0.3 eV of Cu 2p core level determined by using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), in combination with the formation of inverse V-shape of the Mott-Schottky plots. In addition, we find that Cu/CuO/Cu2O facilitates photon absorption range up to the visible region. The multiple heterojunction and the large number of OHsurface enhanced charge carrier transfer are associated to the suppression of photoluminescence (PL) intensity, high surface hydroxyl (OHsurface) density in CuTi probed by XPS, and fast electron transfer based on the electrochemical measurements. The presence of OHsurface inhibits the recombination of electron. A significant H2 photogeneration rate enhancement is achieved when an optimized 5 wt% Cu/CuO/Cu2O concentration is used on TiO2 to achieve 7,157.19 μmol·g−1 (1,789.30 μmol·g−1·h−1). Based on this finding, zero emission energy innitiative could be materialized under multiple heterojunctions in photocatalytic process is beneficial for enhancing the H2 production. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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New insights into the hardening and pitting corrosion mechanisms of thermally aged duplex stainless steel at 475℃:A comparative study between 2205 and 2101 steels

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 123-135页

作者： R.Silva G.S.Vacchi C.L.Kugelmeier I.G.R.Santos A.A.Mendes Filho D.C.C.Magalhães C.R.M.Afonso V.L.Sordi C.A.D.Rovere Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory Department of Materials EngineeringFederal University of São CarlosRodovia Washington Luis Km 23513565-905 São CarlosSPBrazil Engineering Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center(CECS)Federal University of ABCAvenida dos Estados 500109210580 Santo AndréSPBrazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringBrazil

In this study,the relationship between spinodal decomposition and the formation of Ni-rich clusters and G-phase in the ferrite on hardening and pitting corrosion of two thermally aged duplex stainless steels(DSSs)at 475℃was *** indicate that,for 2205 DSS,pitting corrosion behavior is influenced by the presence and size of G-phase precipitates for longer aging times,but this contribution is masked by the advanced stage of spinodal decomposition in the ferritic *** the other hand,for 2101 DSS,the formation of Cr-richer nitrides impairs pitting corrosion resistance more than spinodal decomposition.

关键词： Duplex stainless steel Spinodal decomposition G-phase precipitation Pitting corrosion Hardening

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Grain Analysis Method of Metal Material for AM Levitated and Solidified in ISS

Grain Analysis Method of Metal Material for AM Levitated and...

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2024 IAF Microgravity sciences and Processes Symposium at the 75th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2024

作者： Kadoi, Koei Hanada, Chihiro Mabuchi, Yuji Ueda, Yuto Kushiya, Yuta Aoki, Hirokazu Yoneda, Kanae Saguchi, Ryosei Yamada, Motoko Sato, Hisashi Watanabe, Yoshimi Nakano, Shizuka Suzuki, Shinsuke Department of Applied Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Department of Materials Science Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Department of Physical Science and Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology University Gokiso-cho Showaku Aichi Nagoya466-8555 Japan Henry Monitor Inc. 942-2 Shiga Nagano Suwa City169-8555 Japan Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology Waseda University 2-8-16 Shinjuku Tokyo162-0051 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331312077

This study proposes a method to estimate the counts of prior-E grains formed from TiC particles through the experiment using the electrostatic levitation furnace in the International Space Station (ISS-ELF). A sample of Ti-6Al4V mixed uniformly with 5 mass% TiC was melted and solidified in the ISS-ELF. The grain distribution on the cross section of the sample was obtained by electron backscatter diffraction. Based on the coefficient of variation, the grains were categorized into three groups according to grain area. Grain counts per unit volumes obtained using Voronoi tessellation of classified groups led to the estimation of grain counts in the sample, N3D. Furthermore, the proportion of TiC particles that worked as nucleation sites was calculated by comparing N3D with the amount of residual TiC in the sample. As a result, N3D in the ISS-ELF sample was estimated to be 365±68. This result revealed 5.6±1.0% of the TiC particles worked as nucleation sites. Copyright © 2024 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved.

关键词： Nucleation

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Increased light-emission efficiency in disordered (In,Ga)N through the correlated reduction of recombination rates

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Physical Review applied 2023年第6期20卷 064049-064049页

作者： Nick Pant Emmanouil Kioupakis Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

Experiments have shown that the light-emission efficiency of indium gallium nitride [(In,Ga)N] light-emitting diodes improves with increasing indium concentration. It is widely thought that compositional fluctuations due to indium incorporation suppress diffusion of carriers to nonradiative centers, thus leading to defect-insensitive emission. However, recent experiments have challenged this hypothesis by revealing unexpectedly long diffusion lengths at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate an alternative mechanism involving the correlated reduction in radiative and nonradiative recombination rates that explains the increase in light-emission efficiency of (In,Ga)N with increasing indium concentration, without invoking the suppression of carrier diffusion. Our analysis challenges the notion that carrier localization gives rise to defect tolerance in (In,Ga)N.

关键词： Carrier generation & recombination Optoelectronics Weak localization Disordered alloys III-V semiconductors LEDs Density functional calculations Schroedinger equation

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Low-loss, nonvolatile tuning of Bragg structures with Sb2Se3

Low-loss, nonvolatile tuning of Bragg structures with Sb2Se3

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Nobile, Nicholas A. Lian, Chuanyu Sun, Hongyi Huang, Yi-Siou Mills, Brian Popescu, Cosmin Constantin Callahan, Dennis Hu, Juejun Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Youngblood, Nathan Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Draper Scholar Program The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc CambridgeMA02139 United States The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc CambridgeMA02139 United States

Sb2Se3 is used to switch between broadband transparency and enhanced index contrast in two device types leveraging Bragg gratings for tunable stop- and pass-band functionalities. Experimental results highlight fabrica... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Fabry-Perot interferometers

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Stretchable,Rehealable,Recyclable,and Reconfigurable Integrated Strain Sensor for Joint Motion and Respiration Monitoring

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 1305-1318页

作者： Chuanqian Shi Zhanan Zou Zepeng Lei Pengcheng Zhu Guohua Nie Wei Zhang Jianliang Xiao Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColorado 80309USA School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Chemistry University of Colorado BoulderBoulderColorado 80309USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Cutting-edge technologies of stretchable,skin-mountable,and wearable electronics have attracted tremendous attention recently due to their very wide applications and promising *** direction of particular interest is to investigate novel properties in stretchable electronics by exploring multifunctional ***,we report an integrated strain sensing system that is highly stretchable,rehealable,fully recyclable,and *** system consists of dynamic covalent thermoset polyimine as the moldable substrate and encapsulation,eutectic liquid metal alloy as the strain sensing unit and interconnects,and off-the-shelf chip components for measuring and magnifying *** device can be attached on different parts of the human body for accurately monitoring joint motion and *** a strain sensing system provides a reliable,economical,and ecofriendly solution to wearable technologies,with wide applications in health care,prosthetics,robotics,and biomedical devices.

关键词： wear alloy eutectic

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