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Comprehensive review on the current scenarios in onion processing and addressing the grand onion challenge of India

Scientia Horticulturae 2025年 345卷

作者： Sharma, Kalit Aroor, Manoj S Das, Sampa Bora, Birinchi Gupta, Mahesh Srivatsan, Vidyashankar Applied Phycology and Food Technology Laboratory Biotechnology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Himachal Pradesh Palampur 176061 India Food and Nutraceutical Laboratory Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Himachal Pradesh Palampur 176061 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus Postal Staff College Area Sector 19 Kamla Nehru Nagar Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad 201002 India

Onion (Allium Cepa L.) is an economically important bulbous crop and finds applications as food, flavor, and nutraceutical ingredient. The health benefits associated with onions can be attributed to the presence of organosulphur compounds, polyphenols, and prebiotics. India is one of the largest producers of onion and contributes to nearly 25% of the world's production. Onion is highly perishable and susceptible to post-harvest losses such as rotting, sprouting, and weight loss, which combinedly contribute to nearly 23% - 25% of total crop loss in India. This can be attributed to weather abnormalities and a paucity of effective storage systems (cold storage) leading to crop loss and subsequently high degree of price volatility. Apart from existing technologies, novel techniques such as ozonation, gamma irradiation, and cold plasma have been considered for the decontamination of onions and enhancement of the shelf life. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the nutraceutical properties of onions and various techniques involved in onion harvesting and storage along with the factors affecting their shelf life is discussed. Further, we have compiled information on the existing and novel techniques that are currently explored for enhancing the shelf life and value addition of onions and reviewed the impact of processing on the nutritional quality of onions. Valorization of wastes generated from onion processing for the production of high-value products such as nutraceuticals and biofuels would enhance the sustainability of the industry. Further integration of volatilomics for the detection of spoilage and contamination in onions would augment real-time quality control and reduce post-harvest losses and stabilize the price volatility. © 2025

关键词： Allium cepa Antioxidants Microbial decontamination Non-thermal techniques Post-harvest technology Valorisation Volatilomics

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Quantum Annealing Optimization Method for the Design of Barrier Materials in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

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Physical Review applied 2023年第2期20卷 024044-024044页

作者： Kenji Nawa Tsuyoshi Suzuki Keisuke Masuda Shu Tanaka Yoshio Miura Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Sengen Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Mie University Kurima-machiya Tsu 514-8507 Japan Advanced Products Development Center Technology and Intellectual Property HQ TDK Corporation Ichikawa 272-8558 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics Keio University Hiyoshi Yokohama 223-8522 Japan Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q) Keio University Tokyo 108-8345 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN) Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Machikaneyama Toyonaka 560-8531 Japan

In the field of spintronics, there is a strong demand for barrier materials in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) having high tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) and low resistance area product (RA). However, the design of such barrier materials with atomically controlled composition, vacancies, and disordering of the constituent elements is still challenging due to the combinatorial explosion of potential candidates. Very recently, a quantum annealing (QA) method has been utilized for combinatorial optimization problems in materials science. In this paper, we perform a proof-of-concept study by applying the QA approach combining with first-principles calculations and a machine-learning factorization machine (FM) to MTJs with inverse-type spinel MgGa2O4 tunnel barrier. We treat 252 combinations of Mg2+ and Ga3+ cation disordering in the barrier layer of the MTJs and discuss the effect of the cation disordering on the structural stability, TMR, and RA. Our method is superior to simulated annealing, Bayesian optimization, and random sampling in searching for the best MTJs for low total energy and high TMR, but not so for low RA. We also revealed physical origins of high TMR and low RA behind the cation disordering. The present work highlights the applicability and advantage of materials informatics using FM + QA with first-principles calculations in designing spintronic MTJ devices.

关键词： Adiabatic quantum optimization Quantum computation Spintronics Disordered systems Magnetic tunnel junctions Combinatorics First-principles calculations Machine learning

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A cynomolgus monkey with naturally occurring Parkinson's disease

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National Science Review 2021年第3期8卷 17-20页

作者： Hao Li Ling-Yan Su Lixin Yang Min Li Qianjin Liu Zhenhui Li Yan Hu Hongwei Li Shihao Wu Wenchao Wang Yingzhou Hu Zhengbo Wang Joshua D.Rizak Baihui Huang Min Xu Jing Wu Long-Bao Lv Christoph W.Turck Yong Yin Yong-Gang Yao Bing Su Xintian Hu Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Neuroscience CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of Sciences National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates Kunming Primate Research Center and National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility) Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences KIZ–CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Evidence for the existence of monkeys with spontaneous Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been lacking. Here,we screened macaque colonies at the Kunming Primate Research Center(Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care(AAALAC) accredited), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, which has a large population of monkeys (>2400), to identify naturally occurring PD monkeys.

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More Than just Fame: Learning from Internet Celebrities—Uses and Gratifications Perspective 2nd

More Than just Fame: Learning from Internet Celebrities—Use...

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2nd International Conference on Innovative Technologies and Learning, ICITL 2019

作者： Yen, Wan-Hsuan Chang, Chi-Cheng Chou, Shih-Chi Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Sec.1 HePing E. Rd. 106 Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030353421

In recent years, the Internet Celebrities (ICs) have emerged as the most influential factor on adolescents. Although ICs are simply other users uploading their user-generated content (UGC), they attract followers through their unique combination of similarity, sociability, and a sense of being different from the audience. While ICs were widely discussed in fields like marketing and youth culture, few researches studied their education value. Our study utilize Uses and Gratifications Theory to extract students’ perceptive motivation to learn from ICs’ videos. We surveyed 101 high school students about their motivations to use ICs’ video to learn enterprise finance. These students considered Entertainment, Convenience, and Information were major gratifications they would get by learning from ICs’ videos. We also found past experience with ICs’ videos did influence student’s perceptive Escapism gratification. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.

关键词： Students

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The Relationship Between Academic Stress and Health Status—The Moderating Role of Social Support 2nd

The Relationship Between Academic Stress and Health Status—...

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2nd International Conference on Innovative Technologies and Learning, ICITL 2019

作者： Chou, Shih-Chi Chang, Chi-Cheng Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development National Taiwan Normal University No. 162 Sec.1 HePing E. Rd. 106 Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030353421

The purpose of the study was to explore the direct effects of vocational students’ study stress and social support on physical and mental health as well as to evaluate the moderating role of social support between study stress and physical and mental health. Data was collected from 232 vocational Data Processing department students in Taiwan and was analyzed using hierarchical regression. The results show that vocational students’ study stress had a negative effect on physical and mental health, and parental support had positive influences on physical and mental health. In addition to the direct effect, partial support for teachers’ support can reduce the negative impact of academic stress on physical health. Partial support for classmate support can reduce the negative impact of academic stress on mental and physical health. Through these empirical findings, practical implications and suggestions for further research were discussed. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.

关键词： Data handling

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The impact of generative artificial intelligence on socioeconomic inequalities and policy making

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Capraro, Valerio Lentsch, Austin Acemoglu, Daron Akgun, Selin Akhmedova, Aisel Bilancini, Ennio Bonnefon, Jean-François Brañas-Garza, Pablo Butera, Luigi Douglas, Karen M. Everett, Jim A.C. Gigerenzer, Gerd Greenhow, Christine Hashimoto, Daniel A. Holt-Lunstad, Julianne Jetten, Jolanda Johnson, Simon Kunz, Werner H. Longoni, Chiara Lunn, Pete Natale, Simone Paluch, Stefanie Rahwan, Iyad Selwyn, Neil Singh, Vivek Suri, Siddharth Sutcliffe, Jennifer Tomlinson, Joe van der Linden, Sander Van Lange, Paul A.M. Wall, Friederike Van Bavel, Jay J. Viale, Riccardo Department of Psychology University of Milan-Bicocca Italy Department of Economics MIT United States Institute Professor and Department of Economics MIT United States College of Education Michigan State University United States IMT School of Advanced Studies Lucca Italy Toulouse School of Economics France Department of Economics Loyola Andalucia University Spain Department of Economics Copenhagen Business School Denmark School of Psychology University of Kent United Kingdom Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin Germany Penn Computer Assisted Surgery and Outcomes Laboratory Department of Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Computer and Information Science School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Pennsylvania United States Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Brigham Young University United States School of Psychology University of Queensland Australia MIT Sloan School of Management United States Department of Marketing University of Massachusetts Boston United States Department of Marketing Bocconi University Italy Economic & Social Research Institute Dublin Ireland Department of Humanities University of Turin Italy Department of Service and Technology Marketing Aarhus University Denmark Center for Humans and Machines Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin Germany Faculty of Education Monash University Australia Microsoft Research United States York Law School United Kingdom Department of Psychology University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Management Control and Strategic Management University of Klagenfurt Austria Department of Psychology Center for Neural Science New York University United States Norwegian School of Economics Bergen Norway Department of Economics University of Milan-Bicocca Italy

Generative artificial intelligence has the potential to both exacerbate and ameliorate existing socioeconomic inequalities. In this article, we provide a state-of-the-art interdisciplinary overview of the potential impacts of generative AI on (mis)information and three information-intensive domains: work, education, and healthcare. Our goal is to highlight how generative AI could worsen existing inequalities while illuminating how AI may help mitigate pervasive social problems. In the information domain, generative AI can democratize content creation and access, but may dramatically expand the production and proliferation of misinformation. In the workplace, it can boost productivity and create new jobs, but the benefits will likely be distributed unevenly. In education, it offers personalized learning, but may widen the digital divide. In healthcare, it might improve diagnostics and accessibility, but could deepen pre-existing inequalities. In each section we cover a specific topic, evaluate existing research, identify critical gaps, and recommend research directions, including explicit trade-offs that complicate the derivation of a priori hypotheses. We conclude with a section highlighting the role of policymaking to maximize generative AI’s potential to reduce inequalities while mitigating its harmful effects. We discuss strengths and weaknesses of existing policy frameworks in the European Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom, observing that each fails to fully confront the socioeconomic challenges we have identified. We propose several concrete policies that could promote shared prosperity through the advancement of generative AI. This article emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to understand and address the complex challenges of generative AI. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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A comprehensive analysis of the Bencao(herbal)small RNA Atlas reveals novel RNA therapeutics for treating human diseases

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第12期66卷 2380-2398页

作者： Yinghao Cao Yexuan Lin Na Sun Xinyi Du Yixin Dong Song Mei Xingyu Deng Xiaobei Li Shaoting Guo Kegong Tang Jiaqi Liu Xiangyu Qiao Dandan Zhao Yuhao Qin Cong Zhang Tianyi Xin Xiaohu Shi Congzhao Zhou Tao Dong De-an Guo Benedikt MKessler Dong Xu Jingyuan Song Fengming Huang Xiaoyue Wang Chengyu Jiang State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases Department of BiochemistryInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of ChinaEngineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource of Ministry of EducationInstitute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China MRC Human Immunology Unit MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular MedicineRadcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37FZUK Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) CAMS Oxford Institute(COI)Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX37FZUK Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization TechnologyShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Target Discovery Institute Centre for Medicines DiscoveryNuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX37FZUK Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Christopher S.Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbia MO 65211USA

Cross-kingdom herbal mi RNA was first reported in *** a modified herbal extraction protocol,we obtained 73,677,287sequences by RNA-seq from 245 traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),of which 20,758,257 were unique *** constructed a Bencao(herbal)small RNA(s RNA)Atlas(http://***),annotated the sequences by sequence-based clustering,and created a nomenclature system for Bencao s *** profiles of 21,757 mi RNAs in the Atlas were highly consistent with those of plant mi RNAs in mi *** software tools,our results demonstrated that all human genes might be regulated by s RNAs from the Bencao s RNA Atlas,part of the predicted human target genes were experimentally validated,suggesting that Bencao s RNAs might be one of the main bioactive components of herbal *** established roadmaps for oligonucleotide drugs development and optimization of TCM ***,the decoctosome,a lipo-nano particle consisting of 0.5%–2.5%of the decoction,demonstrated potent medical *** propose a Bencao(herbal)Index,including small-molecule compounds(SM),protein peptides(P),nucleic acid(N),non-nucleic and non-proteinogenic large-molecule compounds(LM)and elements from Mendeleev's periodic table(E),to quantitatively measure the medical effects of botanic *** Bencao s RNA Atlas is a resource for developing gene-targeting oligonucleotide drugs and optimizing botanical medicine,and may provide potential remedies for the theory and practice of one medicine.

关键词： small RNA herbal decoction cross-kingdom regulation traditional Chinese medicine RNA oligonucleotide drug RNA therapeutics Bencao small RNA Atlas

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Self-Compassion Around the World: Measurement Invariance of the Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF) Across 65 Nations, 40 Languages, Gender Identities, and Age Groups

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Mindfulness 2025年 1-28页

作者： Swami, Viren Tran, Ulrich S. Voracek, Martin Aavik, Toivo Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Afhami, Reza Ahmed, Oli Aimé, Annie Akel, Marwan Al Halbusi, Hussam Alexias, George Ali, Khawla F. Alp-Dal, Nursel Alsalhani, Anas B. Álvarez-Solas, Sara Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares Andrianto, Sonny Aspden, Trefor Argyrides, Marios Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R. Atkin, Stephen Ayandele, Olusola Baceviciene, Migle Bahbouh, Radvan Ballesio, Andrea Barron, David Bellard, Ashleigh Bender, Sóley Sesselja Beydaǧ, Kerime Derya Birovljević, Gorana Blackburn, Marie-Ève Borja-Alvarez, Teresita Borowiec, Joanna Bozogáňová, Miroslava Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid Browning, Matthew H. E. M. Brytek-Matera, Anna Burakova, Marina Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz Camacho, Pablo Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele Cazzato, Valentina Cerea, Silvia Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin Chambers, Tim Chen, Qing-Wei Chen, Xin Chien, Chin-Lung Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit Choompunuch, Bovornpot Compte, Emilio J. Corrigan, Jennifer Cosmas, Getrude Cowden, Richard G. Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila Czub, Marcin da Silva, Wanderson Roberto Dadfar, Mahboubeh Dalley, Simon E. Dany, Lionel Datu, Jesus Alfonso D. de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Berbert de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins De Jesus, Avila Odia S. Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah Dhakal, Sandesh Di Bernardo, Francesca Dimitrova, Donka D. Dion, Jacinthe Dixson, Barnaby Donofrio, Stacey M. Drysch, Marius Du, Hongfei Dzhambov, Angel M. El-Jor, Claire Enea, Violeta Eskin, Mehmet Farbod, Farinaz Farrugia, Lorleen Fian, Leonie Fisher, Maryanne L. Folwarczny, Michał Frederick, David A. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew Furnham, Adrian García, Antonio Alías Geller, Shulamit Ghisi, Marta Ghorbani, Alireza Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez Gradidge, Sarah Graf, Sylvie Grano, Caterina Gyene, Gyöngyvér Hallit, Souheil Hamdan, Motasem Handelzalts, Jonathan E. Hanel, Paul H. P. Hawks, Steven R. Hekmati, Issa Helmy, Mai Hill, Tetiana Hina, Farah Holenweger, Geraldine Hřebíčková, Martina Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine Imam, Asma İ School of Psychology and Sport Science Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom Centre for Psychological Medicine Perdana University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Cognition Emotion and Methods in Psychology Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Psychology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Psychology Istinye University Istanbul Turkey Department of Psychology and Behavioural Studies Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Art Studies Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Psychology University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology Université du Québec en Outaouais Saint-Jérôme Canada INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology Beirut Lebanon School of Pharmacy Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon Department of Management Ahmed Bin Mohammad Military College Doha Qatar Faculty of Psychology Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences Athens Greece Royal College of Surgeons Ireland-Bahrain Adliya Bahrain Department of Midwifery Faculty of Health Sciences Munzur University Tunceli Turkey Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing Vision Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia Facultad de Salud Universidad Internacional de La Rioja Logroño Spain Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais Federal Institute of Education Barbacena Brazil Department of Psychology Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Psychology Aberystwyth University Ceredigion United Kingdom Department of Psychology Neapolis University Pafos Paphos Cyprus Department of Psychology De La Salle University Manila Philippines Department of General Studies The Polytechnic Ibadan Nigeria Department of Psychology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Health Research and Innovation Science Centre Faculty of Health Sciences Klai

Objectives: The 12-item Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS–SF) is a widely used instrument for the assessment of self-compassion. To date, there have been few examinations of this instrument’s psychometric properties, particularly across nations and languages. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey (BINS) to assess measurement invariance of the SCS–SF across nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Methods: Participants (N = 56,968) from 65 nations completed the SCS–SF in 40 languages. Using these data, we tested various hypothesised models of the SCS–SF in the total sample and, using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, tested for invariance of the optimal model across national groups, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Results: In the total dataset, we found that an 11-item, 2-factor model (i.e., SCS-11) provided best fit to the data, with the two factors tapping distinct constructs of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding. The SCS-11 was found to be partially scalar invariant across national groups and languages, and fully scalar invariant across gender identities and age groups. There was wide variation in latent means for the two factors, particularly across national groups and languages. Further analyses showed negligible associations between the two factors and sociodemographic variables, including marital status, financial security, and urbanicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that it may be possible to derive a stable 2-factor model of the SCS–SF for use in cross-cultural research, but also highlight the likelihood of cross-national and cross-linguistic variations in the way that self-compassion is understood. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Cross-cultural Measurement invariance Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) Self-Compassion Scale Short Form

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Geospatial Analysis of the 2019-20 Desert Locust damage in northern India using MODIS and VIIRS Satellite Data

Natural Hazards Research

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Natural Hazards Research 2025年

作者： Bikash Ranjan Parida Sandeep Kumar Sagar Kumar Swain Chandra Shekhar Dwivedi Arvind Chandra Pandey Navneet Kumar Department of Geoinformatics School of Natural Resource Management Central University of Jharkhand Ranchi–835222 India Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai-400076 India Department of Geology School of Natural Resource Management Central University of Jharkhand Ranchi–835222 India Division of Ecology and Natural Resources Management Centre for Development Research ZEF University of Bonn Bonn Germany United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS) UN Campus Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 53113 Bonn Germany

Worldwide, locust outbreaks frequently impact large areas of land and millions of people. Remote sensing has emerged as one of the most essential data sources for effectively identifying and assessing damaged crops and its yields. This study assesses crop damage caused by the 2019–20 upsurge of the desert locust in several Indian states using multisource satellite data (MODIS, VIIRS, and Sentinel-2). The cropland covers approximately 74% of the study area, with Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh having more than 89% of their land dedicated to agriculture. During the locust upsurge from May to July 2020, about 48,669 km 2 of crop area (4.6%) was damaged in India. Maharashtra was the hardest hit, with over 10% of its cropland affected. Madhya Pradesh saw 4–6.75% of damage, while Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat each experienced around 3–5% crop loss. The analysis found that Leaf Area Index (LAI) data provided more accurate damage estimates than the Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR), which often included non-damaged areas. High-risk zones were identified in Eastern Maharashtra, Central Madhya Pradesh, and Central and Southern Uttar Pradesh leading to loss of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) up to 100 g C/m 2 and crop yields by 500 kg/ha. These identified areas need targeted locust control measures to protect crop losses, supporting food security and sustainability.

关键词： Locust invasion crop damage satellite data MODIS agricultural management

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Comparison of flipped and traditional lecture-based classrooms for Kampo (traditional Japanese medicine) education in a medical school

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International Journal of Educational Research Open 2022年 3卷

作者： Ito, Aki Isohama, Yoichiro Watanabe, Kenji Human Resources Development and Training Department Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku Kawasaki-shi Kanagawa 213-0012 Japan Laboratory of Applied-Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki Noda-shi Chiba 278-8510 Japan Center for Kampo Medicine Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-8582 Japan

Flipped classroom teaching (FC), one of the active learning methods, has been shown to be more effective than traditional lecture-based classroom teaching (TC) in a variety of fields. We have previously reported the usefulness of FC in a undergraduate 'Kampo Medicine (traditional Japanese medicine)' mandatory course, conducted in 2015. However, it was a pilot study and the results were based only on students' subjective evaluations. Therefore, in this study, we have developed the FC program, and implemented FC, and compared it with TC. In the annual year 2018 (AY 2018), the common cold class was implemented as FC model and the women's health class as TC;in AY 2019, all classes were implemented as TC. Between the cohorts, we compared subjective outcomes, as well as objective outcomes. Among the subjective evaluations, the explanatory ability of Kampo characteristics, indications and pharmacological effects were significantly higher in the FC than that in TC. Also, the knowledge retention was higher in FC. Objective evaluation showed that both class attendance and exam scores were significantly higher in FC. The FC model developed in this study has been shown to be effective, however, we planned the further study with multiple institutions in near future. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： E-learning Flipped classroom Kampo Medical school Traditional medicine

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