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IEEE International Conference on computer-Aided Design

作者： T.M. Burks K.A. Sakallah Systems Technology and Architecture Division IBM Corporation Austin TX USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780897916905

A simple extension of the critical path method is presented which allows more accurate optimization of circuits with level-sensitive latches. The extended formulation provides a sufficient set of constraints to ensure that, when all slacks are non-negative, the corresponding circuit will be free of late signal timing problems. Cycle stealing is directly permitted by the formulation. However, moderate restrictions may be necessary to ensure that the timing constraint graph is acyclic. Forcing the constraint graph to be acyclic allows a broad range of existing optimization algorithms to be easily extended to better optimize circuits with level-sensitive latches. We describe the extension of two such algorithms, both of which attempt to solve the problem of selecting parts from a library to minimize area subject to a cycle time constraint.

关键词： Latches Delay effects Flip-flops Costs Timing Utility programs Combinational circuits Sequential circuits Circuit analysis Libraries

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USING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS IN THE DESIGN OF SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 91-106页

作者： JONS, OP RYAN, JC JONES, GW Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hanover W. Germany and an MS in naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship system integration as manager LHA ship systems engineering department. From 1972 to 1974 he was the principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1974 as technical director he helped establish the Crystal City office of Designers and Planners. Mr. Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he serves as corporate vice president engineering. J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelors and masters degrees in naval architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the advanced marine technology division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. He subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for twelve years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the Technical Director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the director of the future ship concepts division. Gary W. Jones:graduated from the University of Tennessee in 1971 with a BS in mechanical engineering and followed up with graduate work at George Washington University and the University of Maryland. Mr. Jones was with the Naval Sea Systems Command from 1971 until 1988 where he was a naval architect in the submarine section of the hull form design division. In 1988 he was detailed to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) where he became the program manager for the advanced submarine technology program's hydrodynamic hydroac

A major contributor to the expense and length of time to design, build, and test new systems has been the need to build and test hardware prototypes to determine their effectiveness in meeting operational requirements. Recent and dramatic advances in computer simulation technologies hold forth the promise of revolutionizing design and acquisition strategies by providing the means to validate end users' requirements prior to hardware construction. By designing and operationally testing virtual prototypes in a virtual environment, these technologies will soon offer naval architects the ability to build and launch ships in computer-based cyberspace in lieu of the shipbuilder's ways. The authors of this paper provide the background for these developments, explore the significance and ramifications of these technologies to the current process of ship and system design, outline challenges lying ahead, and present their vision and recommendations for future development.

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White Paper: Naval Modeling and Simulation: Charting a Path to the User

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Naval Engineers Journal 1994年第4期106卷 209-211页

作者： Ricketts, J. Bruce THE AUTHOR:received his B.S. in naval architecture from the U.S. Naval Academy in J 983. After graduation Mr. Ricketts served eight years active duty service. His tours included Main Propulsion Assistant and Navigation Assistant aboard USS Caron (DD-970) Fire Control Officer and Chief Engineer aboard USS Ticonderoga (CG-47) and Weapons Officer and Combat Systems Officer aboard USS Philippine Sea (CG-58). He also performed additional duty at the David Taylor Model Basin in support of ship trials and future naval force analysis studies. He remains in the Naval Reserves where he is a Lieutenant Commander with NRL SCI & TECH 206. Mr. Ricketts currently works as a Research and Design Engineer for Analysis and Technology Inc. in support of computer analysis work being performed at the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center and is a member of ASNE SNAME and the Surface Navy Association. The views expressed herein are the personal opinions of the author and are not necessarily the official views of the Department of Defense or any military department thereof.

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SHIPBOARD DAMAGED STABILITY ASSESSMENT - THE FLOODING CASUALTY CONTROL SOFTWARE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 152-166页

作者： ZAHN, PB ROSBOROUGH, J CARLSTROM, R Peter B. Zahn:is a section chief in the Naval Architecture Department at Advanced Marine Enterprises. He is responsible for software development and special trials support. He has led the Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) development effort since joining AME in 1989. He is also responsible for the material handling strikedown and stowage (MHS&S) software development program as well as special trials support for the ACVLAP and T-AGOS 19 programs. Prior to joining AME Mr. Zahn spent nine years with various companies of the ARCTEC Group. His experience includes field trials in venues from the Caribbean to the Bering Sea as well as model tests and engineering design and development efforts. Mr. Zahn received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from Webb Institute in 1980 and has published various papers on pollution prevention offshore systems and icebreaker design and performance. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. John Rosborough:has been a naval architect for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) for the past 15 years. He is currently assigned to the Hydrodynamics Division with responsibility for aircraft carrier stability evaluations and as a task leader for computer-aided ship design development. In the Stability Division he was previously responsible for stability analyses on various amphibious ships SWATHs and foreign ships. He manages the upgrade and augmentation of SHCP at NavSea and is the Navy's technical point of contact for evaluating shipboard stability software and transitioning technology to the fleet. Mr. Rosborough received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan in 1977. He is a member of USNI and the Association of Scientists and Engineers at NavSea. Richard Carlstrom:is a naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises. He has been responsible for software development in support of a variety of major programs including FCCS and SHCP and is a specialist in stability evaluations for complex ships such as CVs CVNs

The Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) was developed under the auspices of the Naval Sea systems Command (NavSea) and is currently being deployed on a variety of ships in the neets of both the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Coast Guard. The primary objective of FCCS is to enable damage control personnel to identify critical stability conditions, especially when related to the loss of reserve buoyancy due to battle damage and the destabilizing effects of large quantities of firefighting water, in a timely manner. FCCS was initially deploved in 1990. It utilizes the standard algorithms of the Ship Hull Characteristics Program (SHCP). The user interface was designed to allow quick familiarity for shipboard users, primarily the damage control assistant (DCA) and his staff. Intact stability evaluations include the effects of topside icing, high winds, personnel crowding, heavy lifts over the side, high speed turns, and towing. FCCS also supports ballasting analysis for amphibious ships as well as providing bottom reaction and beached stability data for grounding incidents. Bv providing a tool for the ''fuel king'' and DCA to generate the required daily updates on the current ship load and liquids status, FCCS is assured of an accurate baseline in the event of damage. The design allows the evaluation of the ultimate ship stability status for a damage event using simple compartmentation and flooding status inputs. Evaluation of the adequacy of resulting stabilitv, as well as identification of such critical stability parameters as off center loading, margin line immersion, and negative GM, are accomplished by the program. Guidance is provided for the user to initiate appropriate flooding related damage control activities. Initially fitted on USS Oliver Hazard Perry Class frigates, FCCS databases have been for the USCG Hamilton class high endurance cutters, USS Arleigh Burke class Aegis destroyers, and a variety of other U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast Guard ship classes. The progra

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COMPARING SOFTWARE PIPELINING FOR AN OPERATION-TRIGGERED AND A TRANSPORT-TRIGGERED architecture 4th

COMPARING SOFTWARE PIPELINING FOR AN OPERATION-TRIGGERED AND...

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4TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON COMPILER CONSTRUCTION ( CC 92 )

作者： HOOGERBRUGGE, J CORPORAAL, H Delft University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Section Computer Architecture and Digital Systems Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)3540559841

This paper reports the results of a comparison between a new class of architectures, called transport-triggered architectures, and traditional architectures, called operation-t~iggered architectures. It does this comparison by means of the MOVE-i860, which is a transport-triggered approximation of the i860. Several benchmarks are scheduled for the MOVE-i860 by a software pipelining scheduler. By scheduling according to three scheduling disciplines, we are able to measure the advantages of transport-triggered architectures. The results of the experiments show that transport-triggered architectures perform better than operation-triggered architectures with similar hardware. © 1992, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scheduling

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Use of CMOS technology in wave pipelining 5

Use of CMOS technology in wave pipelining

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5th International Conference on VLSI Design, ICVD 1992

作者： Klass, F. Mulder, J.M. Section Computer Architecture and Digital Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Delft University of Technology Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)0818624655

Wave pipelining is a technique for pipelining digital systems that can increase the clock frequency without increasing the number of storage elements. This is achieved by clocking the system faster than the propagation delay between storage elements. The design of such systems is more difficult because all paths in the combinational logic must have about equal delay. To implement wave pipelining, some technologies seem to be better than others depending on the delay properties. Static CMOS has the disadvantage of pattern-dependent delay variations. This papers discusses the issues concerning the implementation of wave pipelining using CMOS technology. The maximum pipeline rate for a wave-pipelined circuit is calculated under data-dependent delay constraints. Bounding parameters to the system performance are provided. © 1991 IEEE.

关键词： Pipelines

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IDRIS - INTERACTIVE DESIGN OF REACTIVE INFORMATION-systems 4th

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4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ADVANCED INFORMATION systems ENGINEERING ( CAISE 92 )

作者： OSMON, P SLEAT, P Systems Architecture Research Centre Computer Science Department City University London EC 1V 0HB United Kingdom Marex Technology Ltd Marex House 88 The High Street Cowes I.O.W. United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)3540554815

The IDRIS project is developing a model, a methodology, a notation, and a CASE tool for the interactive design of real-time, or reactive, systems. Increasingly such designs are implemented on parallel hardware, for performance and reliability reasons. The work described here addresses performance, but not reliability, issues. The model describes a real time system in terms of a database and a set of asynchronous tasks. Each task is the system's response to an external stimulus event. A task decomposes into atomic transactions, acting on entities in the database, connected by a control structure which is determined by entity access constraints. Based on a static analysis of these data dependencies, the methodology is able to rely on scheduling rather than conventional locking to control access to the database. The model describes real time systems generally. The methodology concentrates on the class of hard real time systems designs — those which must guarantee to meet the response latency and throughput constraints specified by the requirements. The methodology uses scheduling and allocation heuristics to map tasks and their transactions onto physical processors. The methodology has a number of stages and the designer is assisted by four graphical notations: event context diagrams;data dependency rings for capturing both intra task and inter task data dependencies;precedence graphs for expressing the intra task control structure implied by the data dependencies;Gantt charts for expressing worst case schedules. The methodology assumes a run time environment with a hierarchy of schedulers to control processing and access to data entities. An interactive CASE tool helps the designer capture and manipulate the design information, display partial designs, and perform allocation and scheduling trials against the specification. An example real time system design, for a ship control system, generated using the methodology and the CASE tool, is briefly described. © Springer-

关键词： Scheduling

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IMPROVING THE SHIP DESIGN, ACQUISITION AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第2期104卷 39-57页

作者： RYAN, JC JONS, OP J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelor's and master's degrees in Naval Architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the Advanced Marine Technology Division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. he subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for 12 years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the technical director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the project manager for the Ship Design Acquisition and Construction Process Improvement Project. Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hannover W. Germany and an M.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1967. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship systems as manager LHA Ship Systems Engineering Department. From 1972 to 1974 he was principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1976 as technical director he helped establish the local office of Designers and Planners. Otto Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he is corporate vice president engineering.

In the spring of 1990, the NavSea Chief Engineer initiated a project to improve the design, acquisition and construction (DAC) of U.S. Navy ships. The project's objectives are to reduce the time and cost of acquiring and operating Navy ships while improving their quality, unlike previous studies on the subject, the project utilizes a rigorous process analysis approach and attempts to use quantitative measures as the basis for recommending improvements. The paper is, of necessity, a status report on the progress of this project. Topics covered include: the DAC process;a look at the current state of ship acquisition time, cost, and quality;the methodology for process improvements;and early findings.

关键词： Naval Vessels

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Software pipelining for transport-triggered architectures 24

Software pipelining for transport-triggered architectures

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Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Microarchitecture - MICRO 24

作者： Hoogerbrugge, Jan Corporaal, Henk Mulder, Hans Delft University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Section Computer Architecture and Digital Systems

ISBN: (纸本)0897914600

This paper discusses software pipelining for a new class of architectures that we call transport-triggered. These architectures reduce the interconnection requirements between function units. They also exhibit code scheduling possibilities which are not available in traditional operation-triggered architectures. In addition the scheduling freedom is extended by the use of so-called hybridpipelined function utits. In order to exploit this tleedom, existing scheduling techniques need to be extended. We present a software pipelirtirtg technique, based on Lam's algorithm, which exploits the potential of !mnsport-triggered architectures. Performance results are presented for several benchmak loops. Depending on the available transport capacity, MFLOP rates may increase significantly as compared to scheduling without the extra degrees of freedom. © 1991 ACM.

关键词： Scheduling

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An implementation of a barotropic numerical weather prediction model in the functional language SISAL 90

An implementation of a barotropic numerical weather predicti...

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2nd ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, PPOPP 1990

作者： Chang, Pau S. Egan, Gregory K. Jt. Roy. Melbourne Inst. of Technol. and Cmw. Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Parallel Systems Architecture Project Australia Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Dept of Communication and Electrical Engineering 124 La Trobe St. Melbourne3000 Australia Department of Computer Systems Engineering Swinburne Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering John Street Hawthorn3122 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0897913507

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) is acknowledged as being of vital importance to economy. The demand that NWP places on computing system performance has increased dramatically since the introduction of computer systems and is siili growing. This paper describes the implementation of a one-level barotropic spectral NWP model using the high level functional language SISAL. Our initial approach was a direct transliteration from FORTRAN to SISAL, the result of which was a large amount of array copying and loss of parallelism. The algorithm of the model was then rearranged to enable effective exploitation of parallelism by an optimising SISAL compiler. The parallel implementation technique and its potential for modeling with larger model sizes are discussed, and the improved results for an Encore Multimax multiprocessor are presented. © 1990 ACM.

关键词： High level languages

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