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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xiao, Jiaren Dai, Quanyu Shen, Xiao Xie, Xiaochen Dai, Jing Lam, James Kwok, Ka-Wai Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan University Haikou China Department of Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China Institute for Automatic Control and Complex Systems University of Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany

Label scarcity in a graph is frequently encountered in real-world applications due to the high cost of data labeling. To this end, semi-supervised domain adaptation (SSDA) on graphs aims to leverage the knowledge of a labeled source graph to aid in node classification on a target graph with limited labels. SSDA tasks need to overcome the domain gap between the source and target graphs. However, to date, this challenging research problem has yet to be formally considered by the existing approaches designed for cross-graph node classification. This paper proposes a novel method called SemiGCL to tackle the graph Semi-supervised domain adaptation with Graph Contrastive Learning and minimax entropy training. SemiGCL generates informative node representations by contrasting the representations learned from a graph’s local and global views. Additionally, SemiGCL is adversarially optimized with the entropy loss of unlabeled target nodes to reduce domain divergence. Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate that SemiGCL outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines on the SSDA tasks. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Entropy

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Continual Learning for Robust Gate Detection under Dynamic Lighting in Autonomous Drone Racing

Continual Learning for Robust Gate Detection under Dynamic L...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Zhongzheng Qiao Xuan Huy Pham Savitha Ramasamy Xudong Jiang Erdal Kayacan Andriy Sarabakha ERI@N Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Institute of Infocomm Research (I2R) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Automatic Control Group (RAT) Paderborn University Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

In autonomous and mobile robotics, a principal challenge is resilient real-time environmental perception, particularly in situations characterized by unknown and dynamic elements, as exemplified in the context of autonomous drone racing. This study introduces a perception technique for detecting drone racing gates under illumination variations, which is common during high-speed drone flights. The proposed technique relies upon a lightweight neural network backbone augmented with capabilities for continual learning. The envisaged approach amalgamates predictions of the gates' positional coordinates, distance, and orientation, encapsulating them into a cohesive pose tuple. A comprehensive number of tests serve to underscore the efficacy of this approach in confronting diverse and challenging scenarios, specifically those involving variable lighting conditions. The proposed methodology exhibits notable robustness in the face of illumination variations, thereby substantiating its effectiveness.

关键词： Continuing education Robot kinematics Neural networks Lighting Logic gates Robustness Real-time systems

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Dynamic time warping-based transfer learning for improving common spatial patterns in brain-computer interface

Dynamic time warping-based transfer learning for improving c...

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作者： Azab, Ahmed M. Ahmadi, Hamed Mihaylova, Lyudmila Arvaneh, Mahnaz Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering Sheffield University Sheffield United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex Essex United Kingdom

Objective. Common spatial patterns (CSP) is a prominent feature extraction algorithm in motor imagery (MI)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, CSP is computed using sample-based covariance-matrix estimation. Hence, its performance deteriorates if the number of training trials is small. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel regularized covariance matrix estimation framework for CSP (i.e. DTW-RCSP) based on dynamic time warping (DTW) and transfer learning. Approach. The proposed framework combines the subject-specific covariance matrix (Σ55) estimated using the available trials from the new subject, with a novel DTW-based transferred covariance matrix (ΣDTW) estimated using previous subjects trials. In the proposed ΣDTW, the available labelled trials from the previous subjects are temporally aligned to the average of the available trials of the new subject from the same class using DTW. This alignment aims to reduce temporal variations and non-stationarities between previous subjects' trials and the available trials from the new subjects. Moreover, to tackle the problem of regularization parameter selection when only a few trials are available for training, an online method is proposed, where the best regularization parameter is selected based on the confidence scores of the trained classifier on the upcoming first few labelled testing trials. Main results. The proposed framework is evaluated on two datasets against two baseline algorithms. The obtained results reveal that DTW-RCSP significantly outperformed the baseline algorithms at various testing scenarios, particularly, when only a few trials are available for training. Significance. Impressively, our results show that successful BCI interactions could be achieved with a calibration session as small as only one trial per class. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Covariance matrix

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Robust learning via ensemble density propagation in deep neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Carannante, Giuseppina Dera, Dimah Rasool, Ghulam Bouaynaya, Nidhal C. Mihaylova, Lyudmila Rowan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering GlassboroNJ United States University of Sheffield Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering United Kingdom

Learning in uncertain, noisy, or adversarial environments is a challenging task for deep neural networks (DNNs). We propose a new theoretically grounded and efficient approach for robust learning that builds upon Bayesian estimation and Variational Inference. We formulate the problem of density propagation through layers of a DNN and solve it using an Ensemble Density Propagation (EnDP) scheme. The EnDP approach allows us to propagate moments of the variational probability distribution across the layers of a Bayesian DNN, enabling the estimation of the mean and covariance of the predictive distribution at the output of the model. Our experiments using MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets show a significant improvement in the robustness of the trained models to random noise and adversarial attacks. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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LDGCN: An Edge-End Lightweight Dual GCN Based on Single-Channel EEG for Driver Drowsiness Monitoring

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Jingwei Wang, Chuansheng Huang, Jiayan Fan, Haoyi Grau, Antoni Zhang, Fuquan The College of Computer and Big Data Fuzhou University Fuzhou China The Department of Automatic Control Polytechnic University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain The New Engineering Industry College Putian University Putian China School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou University China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Minjiang University Fuzhou China College of Computer and Control Engineering Minjiang University Fuzhou China Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Conservatory of Music Chengdu China Fuzhou Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Manufacturing information System Minjiang University Fuzhou China Fujian Polytechnic Normal University Fujian Province University Fuzhou China

Driver drowsiness electroencephalography (EEG) signal monitoring can timely alert drivers of their drowsiness status, thereby reducing the probability of traffic accidents. Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have shown significant advancements in processing the non-stationary, time-varying, and non-Euclidean nature of EEG signals. However, the existing single-channel EEG adjacency graph construction process lacks interpretability, which hinders the ability of GCNs to effectively extract adjacency graph features, thus affecting the performance of drowsiness monitoring. To address this issue, we propose an edge-end lightweight dual graph convolutional network (LDGCN). Specifically, we are the first to incorporate neurophysiological knowledge to design a Baseline Drowsiness Status Adjacency Graph (BDSAG), which characterizes driver drowsiness status. Additionally, to express more features within limited EEG data, we introduce the Augmented Graph-level Module (AGM). This module captures global and local information at the graph level, ensuring that BDSAG features remain intact while enhancing effective feature expression capability. Furthermore, to deploy our method on the fourth-generation Raspberry Pi, we utilize Adaptive Pruning Optimization (APO) on both channels and neurons, reducing inference latency by almost half. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that LDGCN offers the best trade-off between monitoring performance and hardware resource utilization compared to existing state-of-the-art algorithms. All our source code can be found at https://***/BryantDom/Driver-Drowsiness-Monitoring. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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ROSIE: A ROS Adapter for a Modular Digital Twinning Framework

ROSIE: A ROS Adapter for a Modular Digital Twinning Framewor...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： Gianmarco Pisanelli Mariusz Tymczuk James A Douthwaite Jonathan M. Aitken James Law Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Department of Computer Science Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK

ISBN: (数字)9781728188591

ISBN: (纸本)9781665406802

As robotic systems become more interactive and complex, there is a need to standardise interfaces and simplify development processes. This is particularly pertinent in the field of manufacturing, where human-robot collaboration is on the increase, but where standards and proprietary software are key barriers to deployment and *** this article we present the ROSIE Adapter, a general-purpose, modular adapter developed in ROS designed to support the creation and connection of industry-ready digital twins. Together with our previous work on the modular CSI digital-twin framework, we demonstrate how the ROSIE Adapter creates a versatile "plug-and-play" interface that simplifies the development of new robotic processes, and improves accessibility to novice users. Furthermore, the adaptor supports integration of intuitive interface devices, such as speech and augmented reality interfaces, which enable more natural collaboration. We describe the adaptor and its use in two real-world applications, demonstrate the ease of use via a three-day hackathon event, and provide results showing the faithfulness of the arising digital twins to their connected physical systems.

关键词： Adaptation models Collaboration Process control Data models Digital twins Safety Speech processing

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EEG-GNet: GCN-Based EEG Signal Fatigue Detection Network for Edge Devices

EEG-GNet: GCN-Based EEG Signal Fatigue Detection Network for...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Fuquan Zhang Yu Wu Xinxin Xu Chuansheng Wang Minjia Ma Antoni Grau Jiayan Huang School of Computer and Big Data Minjiang University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Minjiang University Fuzhou China College of New Engineering Industry Putian University Putian China Department of Automatic Control Polytechnic University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain School of Robotics Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China College of New Engineering Industry Putian University Fujian Ruituo Information Technology Limited Company Putian China

ISBN: (数字)9798350386226

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386233

Fatigue driving is a common potential traffic safety hazard. To detect and analysis the driver Fatigue degree in real-time, more attention have been increasing paid to application research of EEG fatigue detection device. However, existing methods suffer from complex model structure or large-scale model parameters. In the other words, they requires high computational consumption and large memory footprint, which creates a contradiction between model and portable EEG machine with limited hardware resources. In this work, we take both time and frequency domains of EEG signal into account and design an lightweight and efficient driver fatigue detection network based on GCN (EEG-GNet), which is available edge-end device application. Experiments on 4th Raspberry Pi on a public baseline dataset show that our EEG-GNet outperforms the state-of-the-art methods and takes good tradeoff between detection accuracy and resource consumption. Our EEG-GNet provides a new potential opportunity for future applications in practical portable/wearable (P/W) devices.

关键词： Accuracy Computational modeling Image edge detection Frequency-domain analysis Fatigue Brain modeling Feature extraction Electroencephalography Real-time systems Time-domain analysis

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Data-Driven Modelling and Model Predictive control Design of a Nonlinear Auger-Based Pyrolysis Reactor

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Adiprabowo, Arya Bhaskara Muharto, Bambang Prabowo, Wargiantoro Saputro, Frendy Rian Anggoro, Trisno Masfuri, Imron Sugeng, Dhani Avianto Rosyadi, Erlan Lang, Zi-Qiang KST BJ Habibie Energy Building 620-625 Indonesia Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Twente Enschede7522 NB Netherlands Vehicle System Engineering Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur54100 Malaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur54100 Malaysia

Pyrolysis is a prominent technique to harvest energy while addressing the global waste problem. Product yield relies heavily on precise reactor temperature control in a pyrolysis process;thus, a representative mathematical model is necessary to design and evaluate the control system. Hence, this research aims to create a data-driven model of a 1 kg/h Auger-based pyrolysis (APR) plant and design a robust controller accordingly. The system is excited by using a pseudo-random binary signal (PRBS) to trigger process response and is recorded for 2 hours. Various models with different orders, such as Auto Regressive Exogeneous (ARX), Auto Regressive Moving Average Exogeneous (ARMAX), Box-Jenkins (BJ), and Output Error (OE) were created from the obtained data. The models were examined using best-fit percentage, final prediction error (FPE) and mean square error (MSE) criteria and validated using cross-correlation and auto-correlation functions. Two widely used and purpose-fit controllers, Proportional-Integral-Derivate (PID) and Model Predictive control (MPC), with output constraints, were designed and tuned for this application. Several operational scenarios were investigated, such as setpoint tracking and disturbance rejection. The best-fit models were selected and validated for TIC-3, TIC-4 and TIC-5, with 96.22%, 97.4% and 84.83% fitness criteria, respectively. Both controllers successfully satisfied all the tests with less than 2% steady-state error. However, MPC surpassed PID controllers in all aspects, such as 5-7 times faster settling time, negligible overshoot, and reduced integral absolute error (IAE) and integral square error (ISE) up to 44.75% and 5.45%, respectively. Nevertheless, MPC with input and output constraints performance pales compared to other controllers despite some adjustments with massive ISE and settling time above 3000 seconds. As a result, a recommendation to change the input actuator will be beneficial to unleash the benefit of MPC fully. © 2

关键词： Model predictive control

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Ethical Considerations in Explainable AI: Balancing Transparency and User Privacy in English Language-based Virtual Assistants

Ethical Considerations in Explainable AI: Balancing Transpar...

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Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV), International Conference on

作者： Franciskus Antonius Alijoyo S. Sandya Sneha Sri Purnachandra Rao Alapati Dilyorjon Yuldashev Ponni Valavan M Center for Risk Management and Sustainability Indonesia School of Business and Information Technology STMIK LIKMI Bandung Indonesia Krishna University Andhra Pradesh Prasad V Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology Kanuru Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh India Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Department Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science K.Ramakrishnan college of Engineering Trichy Tamil Nadu India

English Language-Based Virtual Assistants (ELB-VAs) are AI-powered systems designed to comprehend and respond to user queries in the English language, exemplified by virtual assistants like Siri or Alexa. The need for balancing transparency and user privacy in ELB-VAs is paramount due to their pervasive integration into daily life. Ensuring transparency imbues user trust, while safeguarding privacy addresses ethical concerns associated with personal data. Existing methods involve clear privacy policies, user-controlled data sharing settings, and encryption. However, drawbacks include user confusion and potential biases. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel approach. Methodologically, it integrates pre-processing techniques such as lowercasing and tokenization, coupled with a Natural Language Understanding model. This model undergoes intent and entity recognition training, enhancing accuracy, and incorporates privacy-aware response generation, ensuring informative yet privacy-conscious interactions. The implementation of the study's results is carried out using Python tools, showcasing improved metrics and response times. This approach contributes to a more transparent and privacy-respecting user experience, aligning with evolving ethical norms and setting the stage for advancements in ELB-VA technology. This comprehensive exploration bridges existing gaps, emphasizing the ethical imperative of user-centric and privacy-aware AI interactions in ELB- VAs. The proposed NLU model exhibits a substantial increase in accuracy compared to other methods, with an impressive accuracy value of 99.1 % • On average, it outperforms the Random Forest and Decision Tree models by 15.7 percentage points, highlighting its superior predictive capabilities in the evaluated task. This comprehensive exploration aligns with evolving ethical norms and establishes a foundation for future advancements in ELB-VA technology.

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Integration of ANN for Accurate Estimation and control in Wastewater Treatment

Integration of ANN for Accurate Estimation and Control in Wa...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Andreea Elena Țîru Iulian Vasiliev Larisa Diaconu Ramon Vilanova Daniel Voipan Harsha Ratnaweera Department of Automatic Control and Electrical Engineering "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi Galaţi Romania Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Computer Science and Information Technology "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi Galaţi Romania Faculty of Science and Technology (Realtek) Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway

The management of wastewater is a significant global concern that calls for innovative solutions to lessen its negative effects on the environment. Conventional techniques of treating wastewater need improvement in order to deal with newly discovered contaminants, which highlights the importance of providing precise estimates of process performance and resource requirements. The worsening water shortage situation requires a paradigm shift in which wastewater is viewed as a useful resource. It is possible to create an economy that is both sustainable and circular by treating and recycling wastewater, putting less pressure on freshwater supplies, and leaving as little of an environmental footprint as possible. This study investigates the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as software estimators in the treatment of wastewater, with a particular emphasis on predicting ammonium concentrations in effluent. In order to deal with imbalanced time-series data, the research introduces innovative data pretreatment strategies. These techniques include a Sliding Window protocol, Data Normalization, and a K-Fold training scheme. This illustrates the potential of ANNs to revolutionize wastewater treatment procedures and drive developments in this field. The suggested method demonstrates higher performance when estimating pollutant concentrations, showing the ability of ANNs to do so.

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