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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Jialun Liu MennaAllah Soliman Dana D. Damian Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Department Sheffield Robotics University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine University of Sheffield UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

Soft robots have shown remarkable distinct capabilities due to their high deformation. Recently increasing attention has been dedicated to developing fully soft robots to exploit their full potential, with a recognition that electronic powering may limit this achievement. Alternative powering sources compatible with soft robots have been identified such as combustion and chemical reactions. A further milestone to such systems would be to increase the controllability and responsiveness of their underlying reactions in order to achieve more complex behaviors for soft robots. In this paper, we present a thermally-activated reactor incorporating a biocompatible hydrogel valve that enables control of the biochemical reaction of sugar and yeast. The biochemical reaction is utilized to generate contained pressure, which in turn powers a fluidic soft actuator. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the response time of the hydrogel valves with three different crosslinker concentrations. Among the tested concentrations, we found that the lowest crosslinker concentration yielded the fastest response time of the valve at an ambient temperature of 50°C. We also evaluated the pressure generation capacity of the reactor, which can reach up to 0.22 bar, and demonstrated the thermoresponsive behavior of the reactor to trigger a biochemical reaction for powering a fluidic soft actuator. This work opens up the possibility to power and control tetherless and fully soft robots.

关键词： Actuators Electric potential Deformation Hydrogels Soft robotics Valves Time factors

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Optimizing High Resolution Wide Field of View Optical Design for Long Wave Infrared Objective

Optimizing High Resolution Wide Field of View Optical Design...

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Electrical engineering (ICEENG), 12th International Conference on

作者： Hossam Aboalia Sherif Hussein Alaaeldin Mahmoud Control Systems Department Optoelectronics and Automatic Military Technical College Cairo Egypt Artificial Intelligence Department Computer Engineering Military Technical College Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350343427

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343434

Optical system is a basic component of infrared (IR) imaging systems that affect the image quality of the observed field of view (FOV). Responsible for collecting IR radiation from the scene and projecting it onto detector pixels. The optical system's characteristics, such as lens material, focal length, and optical diameter, critically impact the amount of transmitted IR radiation. The design process aims to eliminate and limit aberrations to enhance performance. Increasing spatial resolution and widening the FOV are crucial for image quality improvement. In this study, we present a unique high-resolution wide FOV optical design for an infrared objective operating in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) band $(\mathbf{8}-\mathbf{12}\ \boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{m})$ . Utilizing the time-tested Cooke triplet structure as the foundation, we enhance its capabilities through the implementation of a splitting methodology. This approach allows for improved control over aberrations and enhances the optical design's overall performance. Ansys Zemax OpticStudio software was employed to optimize radii of curvatures and thicknesses based on the proposed merit function operands. Our concept makes use of a small pixel size $(\mathbf{15}\ \mu \mathbf{m})$ to achieve an expansive FOV of 18° along with a high spatial resolution of 31 cycles/mm. This makes the design a highly suitable candidate for diverse remote sensing observation applications.

关键词： Integrated optics Image quality Optical design Optical detectors Optical imaging Size measurement Software

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Real-Time Object Detection and Robotic Manipulation for Agriculture Using a YOLO-Based Learning Approach 25

Real-Time Object Detection and Robotic Manipulation for Agri...

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25th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2024

作者： Zhao, Hongyu Tang, Zezhi Li, Zhenhong Dong, Yi Si, Yuancheng Lu, Mingyang Panoutsos, George Imperial College The Department Of Physics London United Kingdom University Of Sheffield The Department Of Automatic Control And Systems Engineering SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom University Of Manchester The Department Of Electrical And Electronic Engineering Manchester United Kingdom University Of Southampton The Department Of Electronics And Computer Science Southampton United Kingdom Fudan University The Department Of Economics Shanghai200433 China AmesIA50011 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340266

The optimization of crop harvesting processes for commonly cultivated crops is of great importance in the aim of agricultural industrialization. Nowadays, the utilization of machine vision has enabled the automated identification of crops, leading to the enhancement of harvesting efficiency, but challenges still exist. This study presents a new framework that combines two separate architectures of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in order to simultaneously accomplish the tasks of crop detection and harvesting (robotic manipulation) inside a simulated environment. Crop images in the simulated environment are subjected to random rotations, cropping, brightness, and contrast adjustments to create augmented images for dataset generation. The You Only Look Once(YOLO) algorithmic framework is employed with traditional Rectangular Bounding Boxes (R-Bbox) for crop localization. The proposed method subsequently utilises the acquired image data via a visual geometry group model in order to reveal the grasping positions for the robotic manipulation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Crops

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Through-life Monitoring of Resource-constrained systems and Fleets

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Montana, Felipe Hartwell, Adam Jacobs, Will Kadirkamanathan, Visakan Mills, Andrew R. Clark, Tom Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield United Kingdom Rolls-Royce Plc United Kingdom

A Digital Twin (DT) is a simulation of a physical system that provides information to make decisions that add economic, social or commercial value. The behaviour of a physical system changes over time, a DT must therefore be continually updated with data from the physical systems to reflect its changing behaviour. For resource-constrained systems, updating a DT is non-trivial because of challenges such as on-board learning and the off-board data transfer. This paper presents a framework for updating data-driven DTs of resource-constrained systems geared towards system health monitoring. The proposed solution consists of: (1) an on-board system running a light-weight DT allowing the prioritisation and parsimonious transfer of data generated by the physical system;and (2) off-board robust updating of the DT and detection of anomalous behaviours. Two case studies are considered using a production gas turbine engine system to demonstrate the digital representation accuracy for real-world, time-varying physical systems. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Data transfer

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Iterative Reference Learning for Cartesian Impedance control of Robot Manipulators

Iterative Reference Learning for Cartesian Impedance Control...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Julian M. Salt Ducaju Björn Olofsson Rolf Johansson Department of Automatic Control LTH Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Electrical Engineering Division of Vehicular Systems Linköping University Linköping Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

In this paper, an iterative learning strategy was developed to improve trajectory tracking for an impedance-controlled robot manipulator. In this learning strategy, an update law was proposed to modify the Cartesian reference of an impedance controller. Also, the conditions that ensure its convergence considering the dynamics of the robot were derived. Finally, an experimental evaluation was performed using a Franka Emika Panda robot in two different robot tasks, and its results showed that robot task completion was achieved in a lower number of iterations, while maintaining a smooth physical interaction between the robot and its surroundings.

关键词： Trajectory tracking Collaborative robots Iterative methods Impedance Robots Manipulator dynamics Intelligent robots Convergence

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Computing the explicit MPC solution in the constrained zonotope case

Computing the explicit MPC solution in the constrained zonot...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Florin Stoican Ştefan S. Mihai Martin Mönnigmann Bogdan D. Ciubotaru Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University “Politehnica” of Bucharest 313 Splaiul Independenţei 060042 Sector 6 Bucharest Romania Martin Mönnigmann is with Automatic Control and System Theory Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

Solving the explicit model predictive control (MPC) problem entails enumerating a list of critical regions and their ancillary feedback laws. Unfortunately, their number and the time required to compute them increase exponentially with the problem size (state-space model dimension and length of the prediction horizon). We show that when, as it is often the case, the problem’s constraints take the form of boxes or zonotopes, the resulting feasible domain can be compactly described as a constrained zonotope. Subsequently, we investigate whether, and under which circumstances, the combinatorial structure of the constrained zonotope interpretation accelerates the computation of the explicit solution.

关键词： State-space methods Predictive control

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Infrared Multi-Object Detection Using Deep Learning

Infrared Multi-Object Detection Using Deep Learning

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Electrical engineering (ICEENG), 12th International Conference on

作者： Hossam Aboalia Sherif Hussein Alaaeldin Mahmoud Optoelectronics and Automatic Control Systems Department Military Technical College Cairo Egypt Computer Engineering and Artificial Intelligence Department Military Technical College Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350343427

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343434

Computer vision has gained great regard in the past few years and one of the most important branches of this field is object detection. It was usual to detect objects using visible images that need good illumination conditions to obtain high performance, but this type of images exhibits unsatisfactory attitude in bad environmental conditions and darkness situations. Other alternatives are emerging, such as infrared images which depend on the infrared radiation emitted or reflected from objects. Infrared imaging systems can be used in complete darkness, so the problem of visible images can be overcome. There are many object detection models which take images as an input and predict location and class type for each element in the image. So, a comparative study using deep learning based infrared object detection models (YOLOv3-4GB, YOLOv5s, YOLOv7) was performed. The models were trained on Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) dataset that contains 3 classes (person-car-bicycle). The YOLOv7 model attained the best performance and achieved Mean Average Precision (mAP) of 82.4%.

关键词： YOLO Training Deep learning Image resolution Transfer learning Noise Neural networks

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Tracking Trajectory by Using The Polynomial Method for ACC System Based on Smart Car Platform 17

Tracking Trajectory by Using The Polynomial Method for ACC S...

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17th International Conference on engineering of Modern Electric systems, EMES 2023

作者： Luu, Duc Lich Hung, Nguyen Viet Lupu, Ciprian University of Science and Technology The University of Danang Faculty of Transportation Mechanical Engineering Da Nang550000 Viet Nam East Asia University of Technology Faculty of Information Technology Bac Ninh Viet Nam University Politehnica of Bucharest Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350310634

A well-known advanced driver assistance technology that can be employed for that is the Adaptive Cruise control System (ACC). Cars equipped with ACC system are to control the car speed to follow a driver's set speed closely when there is no leading car. When a slower leading car is present based on distance sensor, the ACC controlled car are able to keep desired distance with respect to the position and velocity of the car in front. This paper presents a design methodology of Adaptive Cruise control (ACC) system for two smart car platform consist of the leading smart car and a host smart car move on a single lane on a laboratory installation. RST algorithm in the multi algorithms structure is proposed to design in real-time architecture for ACC system. RST algorithm is one of the most effective solutions for the real-time control of nonlinear systems or working regimes. The results of the experiment have been conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive cruise control

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Active Sensing for Target Tracking: A Bayesian Optimisation Approach

Active Sensing for Target Tracking: A Bayesian Optimisation ...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Xingchi Liu Lyudmila Mihaylova Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Scientific Computing Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Science and Technology Facilities Council UK

ISBN: (数字)9781737749769

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371420

Active sensing plays an essential role in searching and tracking a target without initial target state information. This paper studies the active sensing approach for sensor management problems using multiple unmanned aerial vehicles based on the received signal strength measurements of the target. A Bayesian optimisation-based approach is proposed which adopts the Gaussian process method to model the received signal strength in an area over time and then the expected improvement acquisition function is leveraged to decide where to take new measurements considering the uncertainty of the Gaussian process. A unique contribution of this paper consists of the designed spatial-temporal composite kernel function that accounts for the time-varying nature of the signal strength. Numerical results obtained from different measurement noise levels and varying initial Bayesian optimisation settings demonstrate that the proposed approach can efficiently schedule multiple unmanned aerial vehicles to locate the target within a minimum number of initial data. Particularly, it achieves at most $57 \%$ lower tracking error and $46 \%$ lower lost-track probability as compared to the benchmark approach.

关键词： Target tracking Atmospheric measurements Gaussian processes Particle measurements Autonomous aerial vehicles Sensors Bayes methods Kernel Vehicle dynamics Optimization

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Improving Workplace Safety in the Cargo Industry through Posture Monitoring using Mediapipe and Machine Learning

Improving Workplace Safety in the Cargo Industry through Pos...

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IEEE International Symposium on Innovations in Intelligent systems and Applications (INISTA)

作者： Buket Sonbas Cobb Fethi Candan Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering Harran University Sanliurfa Turkiye Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom

This research reveals the potential of Mediapipe with machine learning methods in addressing the critical need for real-time posture monitoring, offering a promising solution for creating secure work environments and improving health and safety conditions not only in the cargo industry but also in other fields, such as healthcare, sports, and industry. The findings indicate that the Random Forest Classifier demonstrates the highest accuracy in classifying untrained movements, indicating its potential for developing a posture correction warning system. Further research is needed to validate the findings and explore real-world applications. Overall, this study contributes to the advancement of workplace safety and sets the foundation for future developments in posture monitoring systems using Mediapipe and machine learning using Python programming.

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