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How to Share: Balancing Layer and Chain Sharing in Industrial Microservice Deployment

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Yuxiang Yang, Bo Wu, Yu Chen, Cailian Guan, Xinping Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240 China

With the rapid development of smart manufacturing, edge computing-oriented microservice platforms are emerging as an important part of production control. In the containerized deployment of microservices, layer sharing can reduce the huge bandwidth consumption caused by image pulling, and chain sharing can reduce communication overhead caused by communication between microservices. The two sharing methods use the characteristics of each microservice to share resources during deployment. However, due to the limited resources of edge servers, it is difficult to meet the optimization goals of the two methods at the same time. Therefore, it is of critical importance to realize the improvement of service response efficiency by balancing the two sharing methods. This paper studies the optimal microservice deployment strategy that can balance layer sharing and chain sharing of microservices. We build a problem that minimizes microservice image pull delay and communication overhead and transform the problem into a linearly constrained integer quadratic programming problem through model reconstruction. A deployment strategy is obtained through the successive convex approximation (SCA) method. Experimental results show that the proposed deployment strategy can balance the two resource sharing methods. When the two sharing methods are equally considered, the average image pull delay can be reduced to 65% of the baseline, and the average communication overhead can be reduced to 30% of the baseline. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Production control

3D Scene Flow Estimation on Pseudo-LiDAR: Bridging the Gap on Estimating Point Motion

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jiang, Chaokang Wang, Guangming Miao, Yanzi Wang, Hesheng Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space Ministry of Education School of Information and Control Engineering Advanced Robotics Research Center China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

3D scene flow characterizes how the points at the current time flow to the next time in the 3D Euclidean space, which possesses the capacity to infer autonomously the non-rigid motion of all objects in the scene. The previous methods for estimating scene flow from images have limitations, which split the holistic nature of 3D scene flow by estimating optical flow and disparity separately. Learning 3D scene flow from point clouds also faces the difficulties of the gap between synthesized and real data and the sparsity of LiDAR point clouds. In this paper, the generated dense depth map is utilized to obtain explicit 3D coordinates, which achieves direct learning of 3D scene flow from 2D images. The stability of the predicted scene flow is improved by introducing the dense nature of 2D pixels into the 3D space. Outliers in the generated 3D point cloud are removed by statistical methods to weaken the impact of noisy points on the 3D scene flow estimation task. Disparity consistency loss is proposed to achieve more effective unsupervised learning of 3D scene flow. The proposed method of self-supervised learning of 3D scene flow on real-world images is compared with a variety of methods for learning on the synthesized dataset and learning on LiDAR point clouds. The comparisons of multiple scene flow metrics are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of introducing pseudo-LiDAR point cloud to scene flow estimation. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

Distributionally Robust Day-ahead Scheduling for Power-traffic Network under a Potential Game Framework

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Deng, Haoran Yang, Bo Ning, Chao Chen, Cailian Guan, Xinping The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240 China

Widespread utilization of electric vehicles (EVs) incurs more uncertainties and impacts on the scheduling of the power-transportation coupled network. This paper investigates optimal power scheduling for a power-transportation coupled network in the day-ahead energy market considering multiple uncertainties related to photovoltaic (PV) generation and the traffic demand of vehicles. The crux of this problem is to model the coupling relation between the two networks in the day-ahead scheduling stage and consider the intra-day spatial uncertainties of the source and load. Meanwhile, the flexible load with a certain adjustment margin is introduced to ensure the balance of supply and demand of power nodes and consume the renewable energy better. Furthermore, we show the interactions between the power system and EV users from a potential game-theoretic perspective, where the uncertainties are characterized by an ambiguity set. In order to ensure the individual optimality of the two networks in a unified framework in day-ahead power scheduling, a two-stage distributionally robust centralized optimization model is established to carry out the equilibrium of power-transportation coupled network. On this basis, a combination of the duality theory and the Benders decomposition is developed to solve the distributionally robust optimization (DRO) model. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed approach can obtain individual optimal and less conservative strategies. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Electric loads

Development of a UAV-based system for Technical Diagnostics of Overhead Power Lines

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Development of a UAV-based System for Technical Diagnostics ...

International Conference on Computational Problems of Electrical engineering (CPEE)

作者： Oleksandr Kozlovskyi Dmitro Trushakov Serhiy Rendzinyak Vasyl Korud Department of Electrical Systems and Energy Management Central Ukrainian National Technical University Kropyvnytskyi Ukraine Department of Automation and Control in Technical Systems Central Ukrainian National Technical University Kropyvnytskyi Ukraine Faculty of Electronics and Computer Technologies Ivan Franko National University of Lviv Lviv Ukraine Institute of Power Engineering and Control System Lviv Polytechnic National University Lviv Ukraine

The problems associated with the operation of overhead power lines and ways of improving control over their condition with the help of UAVs are considered. A structural diagram of the system of technical diagnostics of overhead lines based on UAVs was developed, for which the necessary diagnostic parameters were selected according to informative criteria. An analysis of types of UAVs was carried out in order to determine their suitability and efficiency of use for diagnosing the condition of overhead lines.

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Unsupervised Learning of 3D Scene Flow with 3D Odometry Assistance

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Guangming Feng, Zhiheng Jiang, Chaokang Wang, Hesheng Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space Ministry of Education School of Information and Control Engineering Advanced Robotics Research Center China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China

Scene flow represents the 3D motion of each point in the scene, which explicitly describes the distance and the direction of each point’s movement. Scene flow estimation is used in various applications such as autonomous driving fields, activity recognition, and virtual reality fields. As it is challenging to annotate scene flow with ground truth for real-world data, this leaves no real-world dataset available to provide a large amount of data with ground truth for scene flow estimation. Therefore, many works use synthesized data to pre-train their network and real-world LiDAR data to finetune. Unlike the previous unsupervised learning of scene flow in point clouds, we propose to use odometry information to assist the unsupervised learning of scene flow and use real-world LiDAR data to train our network. Supervised odometry provides more accurate shared cost volume for scene flow. In addition, the proposed network has mask-weighted warp layers to get a more accurate predicted point cloud. The warp operation means applying an estimated pose transformation or scene flow to a source point cloud to obtain a predicted point cloud and is the key to refining scene flow from coarse to fine. When performing warp operations, the points in different states use different weights for the pose transformation and scene flow transformation. We classify the states of points as static, dynamic, and occluded, where the static masks are used to divide static and dynamic points, and the occlusion masks are used to divide occluded points. The mask-weighted warp layer indicates that static masks and occlusion masks are used as weights when performing warp operations. Our designs are proved to be effective in ablation experiments. The experiment results show the promising prospect of an odometry-assisted unsupervised learning method for 3D scene flow in real-world data. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

Muscle-Synergy-Based Planning and Neural-Adaptive control for a Prosthetic Arm

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2021年第5期2卷 424-436页

作者： Li, Guoxin Li, Zhijun Li, Junjun Liu, Yueyue Qiao, Hong The Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei230026 China The School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou511442 China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100190 China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of Neuroscience Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai200031 China

Upper limb loss has significant effects on the individual's quality of life. Artificial prosthetic limbs as an alternative to the lost limb are designed to allow amputees to regain motor function. Motion classification via extracted surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals is widely utilized to realize a friendly human-robot interface in the control of the prosthesis. However, limited classification of discrete motion patterns from sEMG prevents intuitive motor control. Thus, instead of using discrete patterns, decoding the human intention continuously from sEMG would significantly benefit the prosthesis control. In this article, we propose a muscle-synergy-based intention decoding and motion planning that can model a broad set of complex upper limb movements as a combination of motor primitives. A novel muscle activation-to-force mapping model is developed to detect muscular effort of the healthy side to drive the affected side. A neural-network-approximation-based controller is developed for the bionic neuroprosthetic arm to execute the movement. Operational experiments with prosthetic movement control were performed on four healthy participants and an upper limb amputee participant. Results of controlling prosthetic arm (0.94 ± 0.02 of R2 in the horizontal reaching tasks and 0.95 ± 0.01 in the vertical reaching tasks for the healthy subjects, 0.95 and 0.97 for the amputee) demonstrate that our control method could successfully capture human movement intention and effectively control the movement of prosthesis. Impact Statement-Powered robotic prostheses have enabled individuals with limb amputations to regain motor function via motion intention decoding from extracting surface electromyogram signals. Most research works have provided human-robot interaction through motion classification obtained from pattern recognition using surface electromyogram signals and simple movement control. However, decoding the human intent continuously from surface electromyogram is con

关键词： Matrix algebra

An MPC-based cooperative control approach for separated power electric multiple units

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An MPC-based cooperative control approach for separated powe...

International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Zixuan Zhang Yuan Cao Shuai Su Junlin Zhang Wei Wang School of Electric and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Traffic Control Technology Co. Ltd Beijing China Department of Automation Traffic Control Technology Co. Ltd Tsinghua University Beijing China

The integrated control of separated power electric multiple units (EMUs) and cars is a significant research field, the cars cooperative control problem of the separated power EMUs is investigated in this paper. Firstly, assuming that the separated power EMUs are composed of different numbers of powered cars and trailer cars connected by elastic couplers, and considering the electric traction/braking force, air braking force, and nonlinear basic resistance, a multi-particle model is established. Then a novel cost function is designed considering speed and position tracking errors, in-train force, traction energy consumption, and regenerative energy. Based on the model predictive control (MPC) methodology, a cooperative control approach is proposed to optimize the operation performance of separated power EMUs. The proposed control approach can improve EMUs tracking accuracy, and reduce internal force and net energy consumption during EMUs operation. Finally, the proposed approach is verified by numerical simulations.

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FFPA-Net: Efficient Feature Fusion with Projection Awareness for 3D Object Detection

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jiang, Chaokang Wang, Guangming Wu, Jinxing Miao, Yanzi Wang, Hesheng Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space Ministry of Education School of Information and Control Engineering Advanced Robotics Research Center China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Department of Engineering Mechanics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Promising complementarity exists between the texture features of color images and the geometric information of LiDAR point clouds. However, there still present many challenges for efficient and robust feature fusion in the field of 3D object detection. In this paper, first, unstructured 3D point clouds are filled in the 2D plane and 3D point cloud features are extracted faster using projection-aware convolution layers. Further, the corresponding indexes between different sensor signals are established in advance in the data preprocessing, which enables faster cross-modal feature fusion. To address LiDAR points and image pixels misalignment problems, two new plug- and-play fusion modules, LiCamFuse and BiLiCamFuse, are proposed. In LiCamFuse, soft query weights with perceiving the Euclidean distance of bimodal features are proposed. In BiLiCamFuse, the fusion module with dual attention is proposed to deeply correlate the geometric and textural features of the scene. The quantitative results on the KITTI dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better feature-level fusion. In addition, the proposed network shows a shorter running time compared to existing methods. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

An IMU Error Correction Method Based on Multithreshold ZV Detection and SRCKF

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An IMU Error Correction Method Based on Multithreshold ZV De...

Cyber-Physical Social Intelligence (ICCSI), International Conference on

作者： Jialiang Luo Shichao Chen Yisheng Lv Wenqiao Sun Fan Yang Ruijie Xu The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences The Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Transportation and Economics Research Institute and the Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Rail Transit Shan Dong JiaoTong University Jinan China Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

With the rapid development and widespread application of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), IMU-based human localization has become critically important in environments lacking Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSS) signals. Methods such as UWB/WIFI and other anchor-based localization have been employed to enhance the positioning accuracy. However, these methods are susceptible to the environmental interference and increased costs. In contrast, SINS-based localization methods eliminate reliance on the external data. However, this method can suffer from drift errors due to cumulative integration errors. Inertial navigation error correction techniques like Zero Detection Update Technology (ZUPT) provide potential solutions to address drift errors. This paper proposes an error correction method based on the multithreshold zero-velocity detection and Square Root Cubature Kalman Filter (SRCKF) updates. Compared to the single fixed threshold detection, the multi-threshold zero-velocity detection reduces the likelihood of missed zero velocity detection and false alarms, providing accurate time intervals for error correction. Experimental results demonstrate that the SRCKF-based algorithm reduces position deviation to approximately 0.3146 meters, corresponding to an error ratio of1.14%. The proposed method enables cost-effective and accurate pedestrian localization, driving advancements in the field.

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