The structural properties of a class of large-scale multilevel hierarchical systems are investigated. The design of a controller structure which preserves the structure of the system is presented. The proposed partial...
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The structural properties of a class of large-scale multilevel hierarchical systems are investigated. The design of a controller structure which preserves the structure of the system is presented. The proposed partially decentralized controller is compared with other existing controller schemes.< >
Simulation is an indispensable tool for system analysis and design. However, simulation techniques reach quickly their limits or may lose their efficiency when applied to complex systems such as large flexible manufac...
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Simulation is an indispensable tool for system analysis and design. However, simulation techniques reach quickly their limits or may lose their efficiency when applied to complex systems such as large flexible manufacturing systems or enterprise models. The use of knowledge based technology can enhance the capabilities of simulation by organizing and even eliciting information. Thus enhanced simulators may very well become the primary aid to decision making and planning for large complex systems.< >
This paper demonstrates a new approach to achieving decoupled dynamic behavior in multifingered robotic hands. The approach is based on a new concept termed the Grasp Admittance Center. This concept is a generalized v...
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This paper demonstrates a new approach to achieving decoupled dynamic behavior in multifingered robotic hands. The approach is based on a new concept termed the Grasp Admittance Center. This concept is a generalized version of the Compliance Center concept, well known within the robotics literature for over a decade. The proposed admittance center concept provides a framework for simultaneously achieving four useful features in robotic grasps 2 : (i) decoupled 3 force-motion relationship - a relationship between a motion imposed on the object and the reaction force that the object exerts to resist the motion; (ii) decoupled time-response - the motion response of the system to a force disturbance; and (iii) stability - the ability of the grasp to be in equilibrium despite disturbances. (iv) the task of assigning grasp dynamic behavior becomes transparent. These four features play important roles in the functioning of robotic hands, particularly when engaged in constrained manipulation tasks. Achieving these features in robotic grasps requires that the grasp impedance parameters 4 satisfy certain analytical conditions. These conditions are collectively referred to in this work as the admittance center concept. Of the four advantages, conceptualizing the decoupled time response is difficult while the remaining 3 advantages are easily comprehendable. In view of this, the present work describes experiments wherein a carefully built passive compliant device emulates the dynamic behavior of multifingered grasps.
In this paper an approach to motion and force control of multiple coordinated robots, based on an adaptive scheme, is developed. The approach can be used to control the motion of an object held by the robots, the cont...
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In this paper an approach to motion and force control of multiple coordinated robots, based on an adaptive scheme, is developed. The approach can be used to control the motion of an object held by the robots, the contact force between the object and the environment, and the internal forces which do not contribute to the object motion and contact force. Three subsystem error equations are generated, i.e., position error subsystem, contact force error subsystem, and internal force error subsystem. The adaptive law is derived to estimate the unknown parameters of the multiple coordinated robots, the object, and the environment in terms of the three error subsystem equations. The convergence of the position, contact, internal force errors, and parameter errors is analyzed based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The paper shows that the adaptive control scheme improves the position, and the internal and contact force tracking accuracy for a class of robotic systems with uncertain knowledge of the dynamic model.
A system for diagnosis of errors in a robotized assembly-cell was provided in addition to the control programme of the plant. The system allows less skilled personnel to set accurate actions in order to solve errors. ...
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A system for diagnosis of errors in a robotized assembly-cell was provided in addition to the control programme of the plant. The system allows less skilled personnel to set accurate actions in order to solve errors. In addition to the assistance of supervising persons in solving plant errors, this knowledge based system can be applied for tutoring workers by simulation of various conditions of the assembly plant. The knowledge base is completed and maintained by the person who looks after the plant. It is possible to adapt the diagnostic routine to extensions in the assembly cell.
The problem of designing a minimum-weight one-link flexible manipulator for a given fundamental vibration frequency is investigated. The optimum design problem is investigated. The optimum design problem is formulated...
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The problem of designing a minimum-weight one-link flexible manipulator for a given fundamental vibration frequency is investigated. The optimum design problem is investigated. The optimum design problem is formulated by using the variational method. Iteration schemes are developed for solving the nonlinear Euler equations derived from variational calculus in various situations. Numerical analysis shows that the weight of a flexible manipulator can be reduced significantly through the optimal distribution of mass and stiffness.< >
The integrated raster imaging system (IRIS) facility is a robot system to be used for experiments in grasping, manipulation and force control. The facility has two manipulators with four rotary joints each. Each manip...
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The integrated raster imaging system (IRIS) facility is a robot system to be used for experiments in grasping, manipulation and force control. The facility has two manipulators with four rotary joints each. Each manipulator can assume a multitude of configurations. Each joint is driven by DC brushless motors coupled with harmonic cup drives, and instrumented with position and torque sensors. A six-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) force/torque sensor is mounted at the tip link. The real-time controller of the IRIS facility is based on a nodal architecture. Each node is capable of controlling 8 joints at 1 kHz while executing over 1000-FP (floating point) operations per joint in each sampling method. The design of the IRIS facility and its functional capabilities are described. In addition, the rationale behind the major design decisions is given.< >
This paper proposes a geometric approach to the problem of control of constrained tasks based on the fact that the space of motion screws of robotic systems are endowed with an indefinite inner product. This leads to ...
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This paper proposes a geometric approach to the problem of control of constrained tasks based on the fact that the space of motion screws of robotic systems are endowed with an indefinite inner product. This leads to a unique decomposition of the naturally arising motions and forces of a robot end effector into reciprocal screw subspaces of "freedom twists" and "constraint wrenches". A representative example is used to illustrate the generality of the decomposition to robot end effectors. The invariance of the decomposition as compared to the noninvariance of the prevalent hyhrid control method is discussed, aided by an illustrative example.
Modem software architecture concepts offer various possibilities for the forward-looking design of open and modular computer integrated manfacturing systems. Additional, the very flexible organisational structures of ...
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Modem software architecture concepts offer various possibilities for the forward-looking design of open and modular computer integrated manfacturing systems. Additional, the very flexible organisational structures of small and medium sized companies can be implemented considering restrictions that are caused by commercial and technical influences. Therefore a common, client/server based CIM-concept was developed. This concept faces the implementation of highly integrated CIM-modules als well as the support of existing software packages. Both, the usage of PC's as client-workstations additional to UNIX-data base servers and a layer-based, modular software concept follow the way of an easy enhancement of this CIM solution.
The design and VLSI implementation of an intelligent sensor that can be used for process control applications requiring image capture or non-contact measurement is presented in this paper. The sensor architecture is b...
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The design and VLSI implementation of an intelligent sensor that can be used for process control applications requiring image capture or non-contact measurement is presented in this paper. The sensor architecture is based on an analog VLSI realization of an artificial neural network with an integrated photosensitive array. A 10/spl times/10 array of photosensitive cells has been designed as the input nodes to a two-layer feedforward neural network. Four groups each with 25 photosensors are fully connected to 4 neurons respectively in the hidden layer. The 16 hidden neurons are fully connected to 5 neurons in the output layer. A development program has been written that determines the optimal set of weights using the modified backpropagation algorithm. The neural network has been trained to recognize 18 different types of patterns. The final implementation of this intelligent sensor has the dimensions of 4500/spl times/4820 design scale microns and contains approximately 1630 analog devices fabricated using a 3/spl mu/ single-polysilicon, double-metal, p-well CMOS process.< >
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