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Ramsey envelope modulation in NV diamond magnetometry

Physical Review B 2022年第5期106卷 054110-054110页

作者： Jner Tzern Oon Jiashen Tang Connor A. Hart Kevin S. Olsson Matthew J. Turner Jennifer M. Schloss Ronald L. Walsworth Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lexington Massachusetts 02421 USA

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin ensembles in diamond provide an advanced magnetic sensing platform, with applications in both the physical and life sciences. The development of isotopically engineered NV15 diamond offers advantages over naturally occurring NV14 for magnetometry, due to its simpler hyperfine structure. However, for sensing modalities requiring a bias magnetic field not aligned with the sensing NV axis, the absence of a quadrupole moment in the N15 nuclear spin leads to pronounced envelope modulation effects in time-dependent measurements of NV15 spin evolution. While such behavior in spin echo experiments are well studied, analogous effects in Ramsey measurements and the implications for magnetometry remain underexplored. Here, we derive the modulated NV15 Ramsey response to a misaligned bias field, using a simple vector description of the effective magnetic field on the nuclear spin. The predicted modulation properties are then compared to experimental results, revealing significant magnetic sensitivity loss if unaddressed. We demonstrate that double-quantum coherences of the NV S=1 electronic spin states dramatically suppress these envelope modulations, while additionally proving resilient to other parasitic effects such as strain heterogeneity and temperature shifts.

关键词： NV centers Quantum metrology Quantum sensing Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond Magnetization measurements Numerical approximation & analysis Perturbation theory

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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G: Emerging Hardware Architectures, Applications, and Open Challenges

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Basar, Ertugrul Alexandropoulos, George C. Liu, Yuanwei Wu, Qingqing Jin, Shi Yuen, Chau Dobre, Octavia A. Schober, Robert Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Koç University Istanbul Sariyer34450 Turkey The Department of Informatics and Telecommunications National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece The School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 200240 China The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Ave Singapore639798 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Memorial University 240 Prince Philip Dr. St. John’sNLA1B 3X5 Canada The Institute for Digital Communications FriedrichAlexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen91058 Germany

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are rapidly gaining prominence in the realm of fifth generation (5G)-Advanced, and predominantly, sixth generation (6G) mobile networks, offering a revolutionary approach to optimizing wireless communications. This article delves into the intricate world of the RIS technology, exploring its diverse hardware architectures and the resulting versatile operating modes. These include RISs with signal reception and processing units, sensors, amplification units, transmissive capability, multiple stacked components, and dynamic metasurface antennas. Furthermore, we shed light on emerging RIS applications, such as index and reflection modulation, non-coherent modulation, next generation multiple access, integrated sensing and communications (ISAC), energy harvesting, as well as aerial and vehicular networks. These exciting applications are set to transform the way we will wirelessly connect in the upcoming era of 6G. Finally, we review recent experimental RIS setups and present various open problems of the overviewed RIS hardware architectures and their applications. From enhancing network coverage to enabling new communication paradigms, RIS-empowered connectivity is poised to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of wireless networking. This article unveils the underlying principles and potential impacts of RISs, focusing on cutting-edge developments of this physical-layer smart connectivity technology. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Network layers

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Application-level Benchmarking of Quantum computers using Nonlocal Game Strategies

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Furches, Jim Chehade, Sarah Hamilton, Kathleen Wiebe, Nathan Marrero, Carlos Ortiz College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Physical Detection Systems and Deployment Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354 United States Quantum Computational Science Group Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States Department of Computer Science University of Toronto ONM5S 1A1 Canada High Performance Computing Group Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354 United States Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1M1 Canada Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC27607 United States

In a nonlocal game, two noncommunicating players cooperate to convince a referee that they possess a strategy that does not violate the rules of the game. Quantum strategies allow players to optimally win some games by performing joint measurements on a shared entangled state, but computing these strategies can be challenging. We present a variational quantum algorithm to compute quantum strategies for nonlocal games by encoding the rules of a nonlocal game into a Hamiltonian. We show how this algorithm can generate a short-depth optimal quantum strategy for a graph coloring game with a quantum advantage. This quantum strategy is then evaluated on fourteen different quantum hardware platforms to demonstrate its utility as a benchmark. Finally, we discuss potential sources of errors that can explain the observed decreased performance of the executed task and derive an expression for the number of samples required to accurately estimate the win rate in the presence of noise. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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A Privacy-Preserving Aggregation and Authentication Scheme Towards Mobile Users in Smart Grid

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(science) 2020年第1期25卷 37-43页

作者： GUO Fei CAO Zhenfu LIU Zhusen CAO Nanyuan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Software Engineering Institute East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Cyberspace Security Research Center Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen and Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Information Management Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and FinanceShanghai 201209China

With the enormous developmen t of imformation and communicat ion technology,more concerns are focused to achieve secure and reliable smart grids as the social infrastrueture,especially in the explosion era of mobile *** this paper,we propose an efficient scheme to satis勿the outdoor electrical demand of mobile *** scheme protects the privacy and integrity of users'electricity consumption ***,we encrypt users'electricity consumption data by a chosen-plai nt ext-at tack(CPA)secure public key encryption(PKE)scheme and aggregate ciphertexts by the aggregator(an untrusted third party).In the scheme,internal and external adversaries cannot obtain the electricity consumption ***,we require users to provide authentication and commitment of consumption data that can track who modifies the data,which protects the integrity of users1 electricity consumption data.

关键词： smart grid authentication commitment

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Dual-species proteomics and targeted intervention of animal-pathogen interactions

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Journal of Advanced research 2024年

作者： Liu, Yang Sylvia Zhang, Chengqian Khoo, Bee Luan Hao, Piliang Chua, Song Lin Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University China Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE) Hong Kong City University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute Shenzhen China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong Research Centre for Deep Space Explorations (RCDSE) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong

Introduction: Host-microbe interactions are important to human health and ecosystems globally, so elucidating the complex host-microbe interactions and associated protein expressions drives the need to develop sensitive and accurate biochemical techniques. Current proteomics techniques reveal information from the point of view of either the host or microbe, but do not provide data on the corresponding partner. Moreover, it remains challenging to simultaneously study host-microbe proteomes that reflect the direct competition between host and microbe. This raises the need to develop a dual-species proteomics method for host-microbe interactions. Objectives: We aim to establish a forward + reverse Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC) proteomics approach to simultaneously label and quantify newly-expressed proteins of host and microbe without physical isolation, for investigating mechanisms in direct host-microbe interactions. Methods: Using Caenorhabditis elegans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection model as proof-of-concept, we employed SILAC proteomics and molecular pathway analysis to characterize the differentially-expressed microbial and host proteins. We then used molecular docking and chemical characterization to identify chemical inhibitors that intercept host-microbe interactions and eliminate microbial infection. Results: Based on our proteomics results, we studied the iron competition between pathogen iron scavenger and host iron uptake protein, where P. aeruginosa upregulated pyoverdine synthesis protein (PvdA) (fold-change of 5.2313) and secreted pyoverdine, and C. elegans expressed ferritin (FTN-2) (fold-change of 3.4057). Targeted intervention of iron competition was achieved using Galangin, a ginger-derived phytochemical that inhibited pyoverdine production and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. The Galangin-ciprofloxacin combinatorial therapy could eliminate P. aeruginosa biofilms in a fish wound infection model, and enabled an

关键词： Caenorhabditis elegans Host-microbe interactions Iron competition Pseudomonas aeruginosa SILAC proteomics

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AstroLLaMA-Chat: Scaling AstroLLaMA with Conversational and Diverse Datasets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Perkowski, Ernest Pan, Rui Nguyen, Tuan Dung Ting, Yuan-Sen Kruk, Sandor Zhang, Tong O’Neill, Charlie Jablonska, Maja Sun, Zechang Smith, Michael J. Liu, Huiling Schawinski, Kevin Iyer, Kartheik Ciucă, Ioana Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n Villanueva de la Cañada Madrid28692 Spain Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Research School of Astronomy & Astrophysics Australian National University Cotter Rd. WestonACT2611 Australia School of Computing Australian National University ActonACT2601 Australia Department of Astronomy The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Mathematical Science Institute Australian National University ActonACT2601 Australia Department of Astronomy MongManWai Building Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Aspia Space Tremough Innovation Centre PenrynTR10 9TA United Kingdom Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Modulos Technoparkstrasse 1 Zurich8005 Switzerland Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States

We explore the potential of enhancing LLM performance in astronomy-focused question-answering through targeted, continual pre-training. By employing a compact 7B-parameter LLaMA-2 model and focusing exclusively on a curated set of astronomy corpora—comprising abstracts, introductions, and conclusions—we achieve notable improvements in specialized topic comprehension. While general LLMs like GPT-4 excel in broader question-answering scenarios due to superior reasoning capabilities, our findings suggest that continual pre-training with limited resources can still enhance model performance on specialized topics. Additionally, we present an extension of AstroLLaMA: the fine-tuning of the 7B LLaMA model on a domain-specific conversational dataset, culminating in the release of the chat-enabled AstroLLaMA for community use. Comprehensive quantitative benchmarking is currently in progress and will be detailed in an upcoming full paper. The model, AstroLLaMA-Chat, is now available at https://***/universeTBD, providing the first open-source conversational AI tool tailored for the astronomy community. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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CARDIOCARE: An integrated platform for the management of elderly multimorbid patients with breast cancer therapy induced cardiac toxicity

CARDIOCARE: An integrated platform for the management of eld...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： G. Karanasiou L. Koumakis S. Sfakianakis G. Manikis G. Kalliatakis A. Antoniades L. Lakkas D. Mauri C. Cipolla K. Mazzocco A. Papakonstantinou G. Filippatos A. Constantinidou B. Šeruga C. Conti A. Bucur E. Pacella K. Marias M. Tsiknakis D.I. Fotiadis Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas Institute of Computer Science Heraklion Crete Greece Computational Bio-Medicine Laboratory Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas Heraklion Greece Stremble Ventures Ltd Limassol Cyprus 2nd Department of Cardiology School of Medicine University of Ioannina Department of Medical Oncology University of Ioannina Greece Cardiology Division European Institute of Oncology Milan Italy Department for Breast Cancer Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma Theme Cancer Karolinska University Hospital and the Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Department of Cardiology National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine Attikon University Hospital Athens Greece Bank of Cyprus Oncology Centre Bank of Cyprus Oncology Centre Nicosia Cyprus Department of Medical Oncology Institute of Oncology Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Istituto di Management Sanitario S.r.l Milano Italy Philips Research Europe Eindhoven Netherlands European Society of Cardiology Brussels Belgium Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Heraklion Crete Greece Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Biomedical Research Institute Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas University Campus of Ioannina Greece

Breast cancer (BC) remains the most diagnosed cancer in women, accounting for 12% of new annual cancer cases in Europe and worldwide. Advances in surgery, radiotherapy and systemic treatment have resulted in improved clinical outcomes and increased survival rates in recent years. However, BC therapy-related cardiotoxicity, may severely impact short- and long-term quality of life and survival. This study presents the CARDIOCARE platform and its main components, which by integrating patient-specific data from different categories, data from patient-oriented eHealth applications and wearable devices, and by employing advanced data mining and machine learning approaches, provides the healthcare professionals with a valuable tool for effectively managing BC patients and preventing or alleviating treatment induced *** Relevance— Through the adoption of CARDIOCARE platform healthcare professionals are able to stratify patients for their risk for cardiotoxicity and timely apply adequate interventions to prevent its onset.

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Creation of Chitosan-Based Nanocapsule-in-Nanofiber Structures for Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Co-Delivery and Their Dressing Applications in Diabetic Wounds

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Macromolecular Bioscience 2023年第10期23卷 e2300145页

作者： Lin, Zheng-Ian Tsai, Tzu-Hsien Yu, Kuan-Chi Nien, Yu-Hsun Liu, Ru-Ping Liu, Guan-Lin Chi, Pei-Ling Fang, Yi-Ping Ko, Bao-Tsan Law, Wing-Cheung Zhou, Cheng Yong, Ken-Tye Cheng, Pei-Wen Chen, Chih-Kuang Polymeric Biomaterials Laboratory Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital Chiayi60002 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin64002 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Department of Medical Education and Research Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung81362 Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung80708 Taiwan Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung80708 Taiwan Regenerative Medical and Cell Therapy Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung80708 Taiwan Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom 999077 Hong Kong Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640 China School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia Institute of Biomedical Sciences National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan

Nanofiber meshes (NFMs) loaded with therapeutic agents are very often employed to treat hard-to-heal wounds such as diabetic wounds. However, most of the NFMs have limited capability to load multiple or hydrophilicity distinctive-therapeutic agents. The therapy strategy is therefore significantly hampered. To tackle the innate drawback associated with the drug loading versatility, a chitosan-based nanocapsule-in-nanofiber (NC-in-NF) structural NFM system is developed for simultaneous loading of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. Oleic acid-modified chitosan is first converted into NCs by the developed mini-emulsion interfacial cross-linking procedure, followed by loading a hydrophobic anti-inflammatory agent Curcumin (Cur) into the NCs. Sequentially, the Cur-loaded NCs are successfully introduced into reductant-responsive maleoyl functional chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol NFMs containing a hydrophilic antibiotic Tetracycline hydrochloride. Having a co-loading capability for hydrophilicity distinctive agents, biocompatibility, and a controlled release property, the resulting NFMs have demonstrated the efficacy on promoting wound healing either in normal or diabetic rats. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Chitosan

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Fast quantum algorithm for differential equations

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Bagherimehrab, Mohsen Nakaji, Kouhei Wiebe, Nathan Aspuru-Guzik, Alán Chemical Physics Theory Group Department of Chemistry University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Computer Science University of Toronto TorontoON Canada 1-1-1 Umezono Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8568 Japan Quantum Computing Center Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Kanagawa Yokohama223-8522 Japan Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA United States Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoON Canada Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence TorontoON Canada Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Toronto TorontoON Canada

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are ubiquitous in science and engineering. Prior quantum algorithms for solving the system of linear algebraic equations obtained from discretizing a PDE have a computational complexity that scales at least linearly with the condition number κ of the matrices involved in the computation. For many practical applications, κ scales polynomially with the size N of the matrices, rendering a polynomial-in-N complexity for these algorithms. Here we present a quantum algorithm with a complexity that is polylogarithmic in N but is independent of κ for a large class of PDEs. Our algorithm generates a quantum state that enables extracting features of the solution. Central to our methodology is using a wavelet basis as an auxiliary system of coordinates in which the condition number of associated matrices is independent of N by a simple diagonal preconditioner. We present numerical simulations showing the effect of the wavelet preconditioner for several differential equations. Our work could provide a practical way to boost the performance of quantum-simulation algorithms where standard methods are used for discretization. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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Linearity assessment between lower limb joint angles and angular accelerations at standard maximum vertical jumps with long-short and no countermovement

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Gait & Posture 2023年 106卷 S174-S175页

作者： Rodrigues, Carlos Correia, Miguel Abrantes, João Benedetti, Marco Nadal, Jurandir Faculty of Engineering- University of Porto Biomedical Engineering Program Porto Portugal INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering- Technology and Science C-BER - Centre for Biomedical Engineering Research Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering- University of Porto Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Porto Portugal CICANT - Centre for Research in Applied Communication- Culture and New Technologies MovLab - Laboratory of Technologies for Interactions and Interfaces Lisbon Portugal Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Electronic and Systems Recife Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil

IntroductionStandard maximum vertical jump (MVJ) has been applied to assess lower limb long countermovement (CM) on countermovement jump (CMJ) and short CM on drop jump (DJ) for comparison to squat jump (SJ) without CM [1,2]. research questionNevertheless, the ability for lower limb joint accelerations depending on lower limb joint angles at long, short and no CM remains an open issue [3,4], in particular linearity assessment of these relations at long, short and no CM in association with MVJ whole-body impulsion. MethodsFor this reason, we applied piecewise linear detection of segmented subphases on lower limb joint angles ( θ)-angular acceleration ( α) diagrams for the hip (H), knee (K) and ankle (A) during impulse phases on CMJ, DJ and SJ. Selected sample corresponds to best MVJ trials based on higher flight-time of 3 CMJ, DJ and SJ repetitions for six healthy untrained subjects with ages (21.5±1.4) years, (76.7±9.3)kg mass and (1.79±0.06)m height. Adhesive reflective markers were applied at lower limb and torso, with sagittal hip, knee, and ankle θ, α obtained by inverse kinematics. H,K,A ( θ, α) diagrams were plotted and impulsion subphases segmented at selected instants of ∂ a/∂ q phase reversal with linear fit by the least-squares method, Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Hip, knee, ankle joint ( θ, α) diagrams at CMJ, DJ, SJ with segmented subphases time span(Δt), |∂α/∂θ| slope magnitudes and R² linear fit regression. ResultsSJ presented larger number of ( θ, α) subphases than DJ, both larger than CMJ with higher |∂ α/∂ θ| variation at DJ and SJ than CMJ, pointing to higher complexity of neuromuscular control and contributing to explain reduced SJ, DJ performance without CM (0.33±0.05)m and with short CM (0.27±0.03)m in relation to CMJ with long CM (0.36±0.04)m for untrained selected subjects, Fig. 1. Thus, despite the larger total time span Δt at CMJ (0.76±0.10)s in relation to SJ (0.36±0.08)s and DJ (0.23±0.05)s, CMJ presented lower number of subphases with longer time span

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