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A Novel CA4P Polymeric Nanoparticle for Murine Hepatoma Therapy

Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2023年第8期41卷 1223-1229,I0007页

作者： Zhi-Lin Liu Xi-Tong Ren Yue Huang Jia-Li Sun Xiao-Shuang Wang Meng-Fei Zheng Lin-Jie Cui Xue-Fei Zhang Zhao-Hui Tang Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory Changchun 130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China No.1 Department of Neurology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033China Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials&Application Technology of Hunan Province College of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

Combretastatin A4 phosphate(CA4P)is a potent vascular disrupting agent with good water ***,it is only effective at high doses,which decreases clinical ***,we designed stable CA4P polymeric nanoparticles(CA4P NPs)consisting of various cholesterol derivatives,and with a drug loading efficacy of 93%.The nanoparticles released CA4P in a sustained manner and achieved a 72%inhibition rate in the murine H22 liver tumor model,which was about 2.9-fold higher than that of free CA4P(24.6%).Furthermore,the carrier components of CA4P NPs were metabolized to arginine,cholesterol,ethanol and poly(ethylene glycol)in vivo;therefore,the CA4P NPs are safe and have significant potential for clinical translation.

关键词： CA4P polymeric nanoparticle Cholesterol derivatives Vascular disrupting agent Phosphate-guanidine coordination Drug controlled release

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Evidence of magnetoelectronic electromagnon-mediated transport in flexoelectronic heterostructures

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Physical Review B 2023年第16期107卷 165305-165305页

作者： Anand Katailiha Paul C. Lou Ravindra G. Bhardwaj W. P. Beyermann Sandeep Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside California 92521 USA

The superposition of atomic vibrations and flexoelectronic effect gives rise to a cross correlation between free charge carriers and temporal magnetic moment of phonons in conducting heterostructures under an applied strain gradient. The resulting dynamical coupling is expected to give rise to quasiparticle excitations called magnetoelectronic electromagnons that carry electronic charge and temporal magnetic moment. Here, we report experimental evidence of magnetoelectronic electromagnons in the freestanding degenerately doped p-Si based heterostructure thin film samples. These quasiparticle excitations give rise to long-distance (>100 μm) spin transport, demonstrated using spatially modulated transverse magnetothermoelectric and nonlocal resistance measurements. The magnetoelectronic electromagnons are nonreciprocal and give rise to large magnetochiral anisotropy (0.352A−1T−1) that diminishes at lower temperatures. The superposition of nonreciprocal magnetoelectronic electromagnons gives rise to longitudinal and transverse modulations in charge carrier density, spin density, and magnetic moment, demonstrated using the Hall effect and edge dependent magnetoresistance measurements, which can also be called inhomogeneous magnetoelectronic multiferroic effect. These quasiparticle excitations are analogous to photons where time dependent polarization and temporal magnetic moment replace electric and magnetic field, respectively, and most likely topological because they manifest topological Nernst effect. Hence, the magnetoelectronic electromagnon can potentially give rise to quantum interference and entanglement effects in conducting solid state systems at room temperature in addition to efficient spin transport.

关键词： Flexoelectricity Magnetic coupling Magnetotransport Spin current Spin-phonon coupling Doped semiconductors Multiferroics

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Zinc-Doping-Induced Electronic States Modulation of Molybdenum Carbide: Expediting Rate-Determining Steps of Sulfur Conversion in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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Advanced science 2025年第22期12卷 e2417126页

作者： Qin, Bin Li, Yanmei Wang, Qun Zhang, Si Zhang, Jinglin Wang, Bin Wang, Peijia Chen, Yuhan Yao, Weiqi Wang, Fang Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan030001 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnetic Materials and Devices & Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan030001 China Basic Department Shanxi Agricultural University Jinzhong030801 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Enhancing Li2S deposition and oxidation kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries, especially the potential-limiting step under lean electrolyte, can be effectively achieved by developing conductive catalysts. In this study, by using ZnMoO4 as precursors, Zn-doped molybdenum carbide microflowers (Zn-Mo2C) composed of speared porous sheets are fabricated with a hierarchically ordered structure. Density functional theory calculations indicate that Zn doping shifts the d-band center on Mo atoms in Mo2C upward, promotes the elevation of certain antibonding orbitals in Mo─S bonds above the Fermi level, enhances d-p interaction between lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and catalysts, weakens both S─S and Li─S bonds of LiPSs. Incorporating Zn significantly reduces the Gibbs free energy barrier for the rate-limiting step of the Li2S2 → Li2S conversion, from 0.52 eV for Mo2C to just 0.05 eV for Zn-doped Mo2C. Thus, the synthesized Zn-Mo2C demonstrates impressive bifunctional electrocatalytic performance, significantly advancing sulfur reduction and Li2S decomposition. Moreover, this modification enhances charge transfer within the Zn-Mo2C/LiPSs system, synergistically accelerating the kinetics of Li2S4 to Li2S reduction and Li2S oxidation. The Zn-Mo2C/S cathode demonstrates impressive electrochemical performance, achieves remarkable cycling stability with a minimal capacity decay of 0.021% per cycle over 1000 cycles at 5 C, underscoring its potential for high-energy applications. © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Gibbs free energy

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Novel Enclosed Delamination Injection Repair Process for Strength Restoration 37

Novel Enclosed Delamination Injection Repair Process for Str...

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37th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, ASC 2022

作者： Massey, Justin Romasko, Barrett Kim, Hyonny Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Structural Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956909

Delaminations are a common damage mechanism that occurs on composite structures due to in-service impacts. Enclosed damages less than 50 mm in diameter are of particular interest for repair. Current practices for repair of delaminations include: cut out of the damage and applying a patch or doubler to the cutout site, or injection using a repair resin. The use of a bonded doubler repair is more invasive and requires a cutout that acts as a stress concentration in the area of the repair. Injection repairs have traditionally been a faster, less expensive way to repair composite delaminations. However, the aerospace industry has not accepted injection repair as a strength restorative process. Questions about quantifying delamination internal contamination and ensuring percentage of repair resin fill within a delamination have been primary reasons why injection repairs have not been credited with strength restoration. Development of a new quantitative internal surface cleaning, preparation and repair process for delaminated composite materials is required to provide justification for strength restoration using injection repair. Fabricating representative local delaminations was performed with a modified end-notch flexure (ENF) test. A unidirectional 24-ply panel was fabricated to simulate damage to laminates. Intentional contamination was introduced into the induced delamination of each panel type. Contamination removal and surface preparation using solvent and atmospheric plasma cleaning were completed on the modified ENF coupon and verified utilizing in-line monitoring with Quantitative Gas Analysis (QGA) and post processing inspection with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). A modified low-viscosity injection resin was developed and utilized to repair the post-tested ENF coupons. The modified epoxy exhibited comparable shear strength characteristics to un-modified neat resin while achieving a >97% reduction in viscosity. Each ENF panel type was assessed f

关键词： Resins

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IL-2-loaded Polypeptide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anti-cancer Immunotherapy

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2023年第7期41卷 1059-1068页

作者： Xiao-Shuang Wang Zhao-Shi Zheng Meng-Fei Zheng Di Wang Hong-Lei Zhang Zhen-Qian Zhang Zhi-Lin Liu Zhao-Hui Tang Xue-Mei Han No.1 Department of Neurology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033China Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory Changchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials&Application Technology of Hunan Province Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is widely used as an active immunotherapeutic agent in clinical metastatic cancers. However, its therapeutic concentrations do not last long due to its short half-life. Thus, only a transient proliferation of the anti-cancer CD8+ T cells can be achieved, resulting in poor efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this work was to create a system that promotes CD8+ T cell proliferation at the tumor site using IL-2 persistently present and activates an anti-cancer immune response. This goal was achieved by the design of the IL-2-loaded polypeptide nanoparticles (P-IL-2) where methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) block poly-[(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-aspartamide] phenylboronic acid was used to encapsulate IL-2 through boron-nitrogen coordination with poly(L-lysine). P-IL-2 significantly prolonged the circulation time of IL-2 and achieved a selective drug release at the tumor site in the presence of high levels of reactive oxygen species, thus activating an anti-cancer immune response and exerting a better anti-cancer effect. The half-life of P-IL-2 was 3.15-fold higher than that of IL-2, and the quantity of CD8+ T cells after using P-IL-2 was 1.89-fold higher than that after using IL-2. In addition, the combination of P-IL-2 and anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody resulted in an enhanced immune activation. Hence, this work provides a new approach to improve the efficacy of IL-2 in anti-cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Polypeptide Phenylboronic acid Boron-nitrogen coordination Interleukin 2 ROS-responsive

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Bridging Structural and Chemical Insights: Integrating In Situ Electron Microscopy and X-ray Spectroscopy for Catalysis Research

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The journal of physical chemistry letters 2025年第25期16卷 6570-6584页

作者： Yupeng Wu Jianyu Wang Xiaobo Chen Judith C Yang Guangwen Zhou Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York at Binghamton New York 13902 United States. Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 United States.

Environmental transmission electron microscopy probes the local structure, composition, and chemistry of materials under gas environments, while ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provides ensemble chemical and electronic structure information in gaseous conditions. Both techniques utilize similar differential pumping schemes to mitigate electron scattering by the gas phase, allowing for unique opportunities to correlate gas-surface interactions across comparable pressure ranges. Their integration has advanced the understanding of various catalytic reactions, including the water-gas-shift reaction, CO oxidation, and surface passivation dynamics. This Mini-Review discusses their methodological advancements, challenges, and potential for further integration with other in situ techniques to address complex catalytic phenomena and guide catalyst design.

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First principles derivation of a Rayleigh Gans Debye model for scattering from anisotropic inhomogeneities

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Shachar, M.H. Garay, J.E. Materials Science & Engineering Program Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Department University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States

Scattering problems are important in describing light propagation in wide ranging media such as the atmosphere, colloidal solutions, metamaterials, glass ceramic composites, transparent polycrystalline ceramics, and surfaces. The Rayleigh-Gans-Debye (RGD) approximation has enjoyed great success in describing a wide range of scattering phenomena. We derive a generalized RGD formulation from the perturbation of Maxwell’s equations. In contrast to most treatments of RGD scattering, our formulation can model any soft scattering phenomena in linear media, including scattering by stochastic process, lossy media, and by anisotropic inhomogeneities occurring at multiple length scales. Our first-principles derivation makes explicit underlying assumptions and provides jumping-off points for more general treatments. The derivation also facilitates a deeper understanding of soft scattering. It is demonstrated that sources of scattering are not interfaces as is often presumed, but excess accelerating charges emitting uncompensated radiation. Approximations to the equations are also presented and discussed. For example, the scattering coefficient in the large-size RGD limit is shown to be proportional to the correlation length and the variance of a projected phase shift. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Random processes

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The Predicted Position of the Knee Near the Time of ACL Rupture Is Similar Between 2 Commonly Observed Patterns of Bone Bruising on MRI: Response

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2023年第8期51卷 NP22-NP24页

作者： Kim-Wang, Sophia Y. Spritzer, Charles E. Owusu-Akyaw, Kwadwo Coppock, James A. Goode, Adam P. Englander, Zoe A. Wittstein, Jocelyn R. DeFrate, Louis E. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina USA Department of Radiology Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USADepartment of Population Health Sciences Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USADuke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University School of Medicine Durham North Carolina USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham North Carolina USA

BACKGROUND:Bone bruises observed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide insight into the mechanisms of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, it remains unclear whether the position of the knee near the time of injury differs between patients evaluated with different patterns of bone bruising, particularly with regard to valgus angles. HYPOTHESIS:The position of the knee near the time of injury is similar between patients evaluated with 2 commonly occurring patterns of bone bruising. STUDY DESIGN:Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS:Clinical T2- and T1-weighted MRI scans obtained within 6 weeks of noncontact ACL rupture were reviewed. Patients had either 3 (n = 20) or 4 (n = 30) bone bruises. Patients in the 4-bone bruise group had bruising of the medial and lateral compartments of the femur and tibia, whereas patients in the 3-bone bruise group did not have a bruise on the medial femoral condyle. The outer contours of the bones and associated bruises were segmented from the MRI scans and used to create 3-dimensional surface models. For each patient, the position of the knee near the time of injury was predicted by moving the tibial model relative to the femoral model to maximize the overlap of the tibiofemoral bone bruises. Logistic regressions (adjusted for sex, age, and presence of medial collateral ligament injury) were used to assess relationships between predicted injury position (quantified in terms of knee flexion angle, valgus angle, internal rotation angle, and anterior tibial translation) and bone bruise group. RESULTS:The predicted injury position for patients in both groups involved a flexion angle <20°, anterior translation >20 mm, valgus angle <10°, and internal rotation angle <10°. The injury position for the 3-bone bruise group involved less flexion (odds ratio [OR], 0.914; 95% CI, 0.846-0.987; = .02) and internal rotation (OR, 0.832; 95% CI, 0.739-0.937; = .002) as compared with patients with 4 bone bruises. CONCLU

关键词： anterior cruciate ligament injury bone contusion kinematics MRI

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Predicting Potential Fires in Indonesia by Analyzing VIIRS Night Data during 2018 – 2022

Predicting Potential Fires in Indonesia by Analyzing VIIRS N...

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International Symposium on Grids and Clouds 2023 in conjunction with HEPiX Spring Workshop, ISGC and HEPiX 2023

作者： Suhardiman, Basuki Hermanto, Benni Rio Directorate of Information Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia Master’s Program in Computational Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Department School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia

Forest fires have been detected to occur in Indonesia since 1998. The forest fires mostly resulted from human activities in order to expand their land, especially oil palm lands. Once a land clearing is carried out, it covers areas of tens to hundreds of thousands of hectares. The peak of the forest fires occurred in 2015 when almost half of the world was affected especially by smoke from the fire. In 2011, VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) was launched by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). In their collected data, there is data on Indonesia issued daily for areas in the islands of Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and the general areas of Indonesia. The VIIRS night data shows the possibility of some burning at night. We need to identify burnings that potentially become fires, which are potentially producing smoke. It is important to observe areas where large-scale forest fires frequently occur, so the authority could do some prevention beforehand. Using existing data released per day per area, we utilize an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) to identify a potential fire. The processes start with data cleaning and processing, Neural Network creation, and finally ANN training and testing. By using the ANN prediction model with the MinMax Scaler, we choose variables Temperature, Radiant Heat Intensity, and Source Footprint. Simulations are made to show the ranges of these variables that predict the possibility of’flame’ status occurring. We conclude that the ANN method can give more accurate results than the existing classification. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Fires

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Designing Electrocatalysts for High-Current-Density Freshwater/Seawater Splitting

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Renewables 2024年第1期2卷 2-24页

作者： Madiha Rafiq Zanling Huang Chaoran Pi Liangsheng Hu Fushen Lu Kaifu Huo Paul K.Chu Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province Shantou UniversityShantou 515063 Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO) School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Shantou 515061 Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518063 Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina

Electrocatalytic water splitting is crucial to renewable and clean hydrogen *** high efficiency and stability in hydrogen generation by freshwater/seawater electrolysis at a high current density(HCD)using low-cost electrode materials is of utmost importance for the future hydrogen ***,conventional freshwater/seawater electrolysis suffers from low current density due to inefficient electrocatalysts and competitive reactions of the chlorine evolution reaction(ClER),consequently hampering its industrial *** surface and interface engineering techniques are essential for the development of efficient and long-lasting electrodes for freshwater and seawater electrolysis at *** the review,we begin by discussing the fundamental aspects of freshwater/seawater splitting,focusing on recent advancements and strategies to increase the efficiency at *** then comprehensively discuss the rational design strategies for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at HCD together with the associated fundamental electrode reactions by considering the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the catalytic efficiency,selectivity,and corrosion *** is followed by a discussion of some existing issues and limitations of HCD freshwater/seawater splitting and viable ***,the issues facing the field and possible future research directions for efficient large-scale industrial water splitting are discussed.

关键词： electrocatalytic water splitting HER OER high current density catalyst design strategy

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