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A Standalone Real-Time Gait Phase Detection Using Fuzzy-Logic Implementation in Arduino Nano

SN Computer science 2022年第1期3卷 21页

作者： Negi, Sachin Garg, Kartik Prajapat, Milind Sharma, Neeraj School of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Uttar Pradesh Varanasi India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Uttar Pradesh Varanasi India School of Materials Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Uttar Pradesh Varanasi India Department of Electrical Engineering G. B. Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology Uttarakhand Pauri India

This paper presents a real-time standalone computing system's design and development using an Arduino Nano controller for human gait phase detection. It acquires the lower limb segment angles using 3-inertial measurement units and foot insole-based force data using 2-force sensitive resistor sensors for each leg. Arduino IDE-based algorithms are designed to get thigh, shank, and foot angles using the I2C protocol. The force information is achieved using an insole that gathers data from the heel and toe regions. A fuzzy logic-based algorithm is developed in the Arduino IDE for the detection of 7-gait phases. MATLAB's neuro-fuzzy designer toolbox is utilized to obtain a rule base for these gait phases. The results showed that the present system gives a prediction accuracy of 89.65 (± 3)% that is good enough, along with a 20 ms prediction time to make it real-time gait phase detection. This study finds the application of a fuzzy-logic algorithm for real-time control of the ankle–foot prosthesis in an open space using a standalone system with an amputee. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2021.

关键词： ANFIS Arduino IDE Gait phase detection Sugeno FIS Wearable sensors

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3D scaffolds-specific cellular mechanoresponse as a pivotal regulating factor in tissue engineering

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JMST Advances 2024年第2期6卷 121-134页

作者： Ahn, Yejin Chang, Hyewon Baek, Jieung Department of Biological Sciences Pusan National University Busan Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea

In tissue engineering, the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) or scaffolds have increasingly been considered to impact therapeutic efficacy by regulating cell behaviors, including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and adhesion. However, the understanding of how cells sense, integrate, and convert the mechanical cues from the ECM cues into biochemical signals to control certain cell behaviors is still elusive, especially in 3D, which more closely mimics the natural microenvironment than 2D systems. This review highlights the key differences between 2 and 3D in the contexts of mechanoregulative cell behaviors such as cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and force transmission. Furthermore, critical designing factors that needs to be considered for the fabrication of 3D tissue engineering scaffolds is discussed: stiffness, viscoelasticity, degradability, and the immobilization of biomolecules. Although mechanotransduction in 3D is actively being studied, understanding cellular mechanotransduction in 3D and designing of mechanoregulative 3D scaffolds still presents several challenges, including varying mechanical properties depending on different tissues, dynamic mechanical environments, and integration of multimodal cues. Interdisciplinary methodologies encompassing material engineering, cell biology, and mechanical engineering would serve to mitigate these challenges and augment our understanding of mechanoregulation governing cellular behaviors, thus fostering advancements in biomedical applications in the future.

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Binocular vision fusion enhanced 3D NIR-II in vivo imaging of bone and vessel networks

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Fundamental Research 2025年

作者： Yang, Zhichao Wu, Sitong Zhang, Xun Chao, Mi Lin, Gungun Guo, Zhiyong Jin, Dayong Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices Faculty of Science University of Technology Sydney Ultimo 2007 NSW Australia UTS-SUSTech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials & Devices Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

Taking advantages of weak light scattering and minimal amount of auto-fluorescence background, optical imaging through the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) allows resolving the microscopic structures in deep tissues. However, current 2D wide-field imaging systems cannot provide the axial resolution to reveal depth information and the lateral resolution thereof has been limited by the pixel numbers of NIR-II cameras. We aim to improve 3D in vivo imaging at a large field of view (FOV) to achieve high-resolution 3D imaging of bone and vessel simultaneously. We developed a 3D NIR-II imaging technique utilizing iterative convolutional sub-pixel image reconstruction (ICSP-IR) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) in a binocular system. The instrumentation and CNN powered data analytics enable 3D in vivo volumetric imaging with a lateral resolution of 153 µm and an axial resolution of 480 µm at a FOV of 42.5 × 53 × 14 mm³. High-resolution 3D imaging of both tibia structures and vessel networks can be simultaneously achieved by the 808-nm and 980-nm dual-beam excitations of NIR-Ⅱa type nanoparticles that emit at 1060 nm and NIR-Ⅱb type nanoparticles that emit at 1530 nm, respectively. © 2024

关键词： 3D reconstruction Binocular vision In vivo imaging NIR-Ⅱ Subpixel

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The multifaceted biomimetic titanium implant promotes bone integration with sequential antibacterial and immune modulation properties

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Bioactive materials 2025年 51卷 494-511页

作者： Chen, Long Guo, Zili Duan, Guowei Zhao, Guodong Liu, Xinyao Wang, Zian Liu, Yuan Bai, Lingling Xu, Hong Peng, Yan Qiang, Lei Chang, Dongbiao Sheng, Jun Sun, Tong Weng, Jie Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu 610031 China Zigong Fourth People's Hospital Sichuan Zigong 643000 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu 610031 China School of Life and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Sichuan Chengdu 610031 China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an 710061 China Department of Blood Transfusion Department of Respiratory Medicine Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu Chengdu 610031 China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institution West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Orthopedic The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA Sichuan Chengdu 610083 China

Titanium (Ti) and its alloy implants often face issues such as insufficient tissue adhesion and vulnerability of the bio inert surface. Given that the long-term stability of implants depends on their perfect integration with the surrounding tissues to withstand various environmental stresses, current research mainly focuses on mimicking the structure of the extracellular matrix. The aim is to promote bone tissue formation through regulation of the immune response by metal ions, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of tissue integration. The self-assembled zinc (Zn)-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA) with polydopamine (PDA) and copper ions (Cu²⁺) was deposited onto the alkali treated Ti surface to fabricate the P-Zn-Cu/Ti coating. The so-constructed multifunctional coating with bionic micro/nano-structures on the Ti surface can achieve the sequential release of Cu²⁺ and zinc ions (Zn²⁺) through the rapid release of Cu²⁺ in the early stage and the slow release of Zn²⁺, and followed the functional characteristics of sequentially regulating antibacterial, immune, and osteogenic responses. This study presents a promising strategy to address the challenges associated with the failure of Ti implants, thus promoting the development of implant technology and improving clinical efficacy. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Antibacterial Immune regulation Osseointegration Titanium implants

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Highly Sensitive, Multiplexed, and Accessible Digital Protein Measurement with MagDroplex

Highly Sensitive, Multiplexed, and Accessible Digital Protei...

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IEEE SENSORS

作者： Jiumei Hu Joseph Choy Joon Soo Park Pengfei Zhang Hanran Lei Bradley M. Downs Hai-Quan Mao Tza-Huei Wang Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350363517

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363524

Highly sensitive and multiplexed protein detection is crucial across various biological contexts. Although the digital enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dELISA) has enabled 1000-fold increase in sensitivity over traditional immunoassays, it involves sophisticated microfluidic devices for single bead trapping, has limited multiplexing capability, and lacks broad accessibility. To address these challenges, we present MagDroplex, an innovative approach that integrates magnetic beads-based proximity extension assay and fluorescence-coding droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to transform the detection of protein into the quantification of fluorescence-coded DNA molecules. By detecting DNA rather than enzyme labels, our approach eliminates precise bead control as required in dELISA, facilitates concurrent detection of multiple targets through PCR multiplexing, and leverages the widespread adoption of ddPCR technology for broader implementation. As a proof of principle, we apply MagDroplex towards an 8-plex detection targeting human cytokines. Our approach demonstrates exceptional sensitivities for all the targets, while operating only across 2 fluorescent channels.

关键词： Multiplexing Sensitivity Precision medicine DNA Transforms Fluorescence Sensors Microfluidics Signal resolution Immune system

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Light doping of tungsten into copper-platinum nanoalloys for boosting their electrocatalytic performance in methanol oxidation

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Nano Research Energy 2022年第2期1卷 194-200页

作者： Danye Liu Qing Zeng Chaoquan Hu Dong Chen Hui Liu Yongsheng Han Lin Xu Qingbo Zhang Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry Nanjing 211100China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power BatteriesJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Bioengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTexas 77005USA

Coupling the bi-functional mechanism with compressive lattice strain might be an effective way to boost the electrocatalysis of platinum(Pt)-based nanoparticles for methanol oxidation reaction(MOR).This strategy weakens the chemisorption of poisoning CO-like intermediates generated during MOR on the active Pt sites by lowering their d-band *** this context,we herein report the synthesis of ternary copper-tungsten-platinum(CuWPt)nanoalloys with light doping of W element by simply co-reducing their precursors at elevated *** this ternary alloy system,the presence of only small amount of W element not only weakens the chemisorption of CO-like intermediates by lowering the Pt d-band center through compressive lattice strain,but also cleans the active Pt sites by“hydrogen spillover effect”,endowing the as-prepared CuWPt nanoalloys at an appropriate Cu/W/Pt ratio with good activity for *** specific,the ternary CuWPt alloy nanoparticles at a Cu/W/Pt molar ratio of 21/4/75 show a specific activity of 2.5 mA·cm^(−2)and a mass activity of 2.11 A·mg^(−1)with a better durability,outperforming those ternary CuWPt alloy nanoparticles at other Cu/W/Pt ratios,binary CuPt alloys and commercial Pt/C catalyst as well as a large number of reported Pt-based *** addition,a single direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC)assembled using ternary CuWPt nanoalloys as anodic catalysts shows a power density of 24.3 mW·cm^(−2)and an open-circle voltage of 0.6 V,also much higher than those of the single DMFC assembled from commercial Pt/C catalysts.

关键词： lattice strain d-band center electrocatalysis hydrogen spillover methanol oxidation reaction

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An "inside-out"-guided genetically engineered hydrogel for augmenting aged bone regeneration

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Bioactive materials 2025年 51卷 318-332页

作者： Zhu, Yanrun Sun, Lili Hou, Mingzhuang Yu, Jianfeng Yu, Chenqi Zhang, Zihan Yang, Huilin Liu, Changsheng Huang, Lixin Jiang, Dinghua Zhang, Yijian Yuan, Yuan Zhu, Xuesong Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China Orthopaedic Institute Medical College Soochow University Suzhou 215000 China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China Department of Orthopaedics The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou Municipal Hospital Gusu School Nanjing Medical University Suzhou 215002 China Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital Sihong Branch The First People's Hospital of Sihong County Suqian 223900 China Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou 215123 China

Senescent bone repair faces significant obstacles due to reduced cellular activity and an unfavorable microenvironment, both of which hinder the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) into osteoblasts (OBs) and subsequent bone formation. Current approaches primarily target senescent cell clearance (senolytics) or suppression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (senomorphics), neglecting the complex interactions between BMSCs and the osteogenic microenvironment. In this study, a genetically engineered hydrogel incorporating NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuins 3 (SIRT3)-loaded nano-vectors and poly (glycerol sebacate)-co-poly (ethylene glycol)/polyacrylic acid (PEGS/PAA) was developed as an “inside-out” strategy for bone regeneration. At the intracellular level, BMSC function is restored, and osteogenesis is promoted through genetically enhanced SIRT3 expression. At the extracellular level, carboxyl functional groups chelate iron ions, simulating a hypoxic environment and promoting synergistic interactions between angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The therapeutic effects of the genetically engineered hydrogel in alleviating senescent damage and enhancing osteogenic differentiation were confirmed in both chemically and naturally induced senescence models in vitro. Local delivery of the hydrogel significantly increased newly formed bone in rat cranial defects. Mechanistically, the central role of SIRT3 in balancing senescence and osteogenesis, as well as its involvement in bone immune signaling pathways, was elucidated through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing in mice and transcriptome sequencing. This work presents a novel paradigm that integrates cellular and microenvironmental factors to enhance bone regeneration, offering new hope for treating age-related bone injuries. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Hypoxia hydrogels Senescent associated secretory phenotype Senescent bone marrow-derived stem cells Senile bone regeneration Sirtuins 3

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!D-architected gratings for polarization-sensitive, nature-inspired structural color

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ibarra Miranda, Moisés H. Osterberg, Lars W. Shah, Dev H. Regulagadda, Kartik Poulikakos, Lisa V. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California BerkeleyCA United States

Structural coloration, a color-generation mechanism often found in nature, arises from light-matter interactions such as diffraction, interference and scattering, with micro- and nanostructured elements. Herein, we systematically study anisotropic,:D-architected grating structures with polarization-tunable optical properties, inspired by the vivid blue of Morpho butterfly wings. Using two-photon lithography, we fabricate multilayered gratings, varying parameters such as height (through scanning speed and laser power), periodicity, and number of layers. In transmission, significant color transitions from blue to brown were identified when varying structural parameters and incident light polarization conditions (azimuthal angle and ellipticity). Based on thin film diffraction efficiency theory in the Raman-Nath regime, optical characterization results are analytically explained, evaluating the impact of each parameter variation. Overall, these findings contribute to technological implementations of polarization-sensitive,:D-architected gratings for structural color applications. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

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Novel ruthenium-based catalysts with atomic dispersion for oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis

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materials Today Chemistry 2024年 35卷

作者： Liao, Kuo-Wei Chen, Hsueh-Yu Wei, Wen-Hui Chen, Guan-Cheng Yamanaka, Ichiro Liu, Bo-Tau Hong, Ting-Fu Chiang, Tai-Chin Huang, Hsin-Chih Wang, Chen-Hao Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8552 Japan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin640301 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung912301 Taiwan Global Development Engineering Program National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan Advanced Manufacturing Research Center National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan

This study introduces a method for fabricating ultra-high-performance catalysts designed for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), employing a combination of ball-milling, autoclave heat treatment procedures, and a two-step heat treatment approach. This method produces catalysts characterized by an atomic dispersion of ruthenium on nitrogen-doped carbon sheets (Ru–O/N–C–NH3). The Ru–O/N–C–NH3 catalyst exhibits exceptional OER activity in alkaline conditions, achieving a mass activity of 16842 A g−1Ru at 1.52 V, and a minimal overpotential of 290 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Moreover, this catalyst demonstrates enduring stability, showing no significant decay after a 100-h stability test in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE), with a mass activity approximating 62000 A g−1PGM. This is nearly three orders of magnitude greater than the AEMWE that utilizes commercial IrO2 as an anode. The atomic dispersion and the Ru–O/N bonding of the catalyst are substantiated to contribute to the notable enhancement in OER activity. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Ruthenium

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Optimized Photonic Integrated Circuit Components for Optical Coherence Tomography at 1060 nm

Optimized Photonic Integrated Circuit Components for Optical...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Senyue Hao Aaron J Adkins Yitian Zhang Chao Zhou Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering Washington University in Saint Louis USA Imaging Science PhD Program Washington University in Saint Louis USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in Saint Louis USA

To implement optical coherence tomography on photonic chips, we developed optimized and experimentally validated silicon nitride-based components for photonic integrated circuits in order to achieve high sensitivity a... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Sensitivity Optical coherence tomography Photonic integrated circuits Silicon Electro-optical waveguides Photonics

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