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Optimal Synergic Deep Learning for COVID-19 Classification Using Chest X-Ray Images

Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5255-5270页

作者： JoséEscorcia-Gutierrez Margarita Gamarra Roosvel Soto-Diaz Safa Alsafari Ayman Yafoz Romany F.Mansour Departament of Computational Science and Electronic Universidad de la CostaCUCBarranquilla080002Colombia Biomedical Engineering Program Universidad Simón BolívarBarranquilla080002Colombia Department of Computer Science and AI Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl-Kharga72511Egypt

A chest radiology scan can significantly aid the early diagnosis and management of COVID-19 since the virus attacks the *** X-ray(CXR)gained much interest after the COVID-19 outbreak thanks to its rapid imaging time,widespread availability,low cost,and *** radiological investigations,computer-aided diagnostic tools are implemented to reduce intra-and inter-observer *** lately industrialized Artificial Intelligence(AI)algorithms and radiological techniques to diagnose and classify disease is *** current study develops an automatic identification and classification model for CXR pictures using Gaussian Fil-tering based Optimized Synergic Deep Learning using Remora Optimization Algorithm(GF-OSDL-ROA).This method is inclusive of preprocessing and classification based on *** data is preprocessed using Gaussian filtering(GF)to remove any extraneous noise from the image’s ***,the OSDL model is applied to classify the CXRs under different severity levels based on CXR *** learning rate of OSDL is optimized with the help of ROA for COVID-19 diagnosis showing the novelty of the *** model,applied in this study,was validated using the COVID-19 *** experiments were conducted upon the proposed OSDL model,which achieved a classification accuracy of 99.83%,while the current Convolutional Neural Network achieved less classification accuracy,i.e.,98.14%.

关键词： Artificial intelligence chest X-ray COVID-19 optimized synergic deep learning preprocessing public health

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Corrosion characteristics of single-phase Mg-3Zn alloy thin film for biodegradable electronics

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第9期11卷 3241-3254页

作者： Ji-Woo Gu Jae-Young Bae Guangzhe Li Hae Won Hwang So-Hyeon Lee Sung-Geun Choi Ju-Young Kim Myoung-Ryul Ok Yu-Chan Kim Seung-Kyun Kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University(SNU)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Soft Foundry Nano Systems Institute(NSI) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Biomaterials Research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 34141Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea

Biodegradable metals as electrodes, interconnectors, and device conductors are essential components in the emergence of transient electronics, either for passive implants or active electronic devices, especially in the fields of biomedical electronics. Magnesium and its alloys are strong candidates for biodegradable and implantable conducting materials because of their high conductivity and biocompatibility, in addition to their well-understood dissolution behavior. One critical drawback of Mg and its alloys is their considerably high dissolution rates originating from their low anodic potential, which disturbs the compatibility to biomedical applications. Herein, we introduce a single-phase thin film of a Mg-Zn binary alloy formed by sputtering, which enhances the corrosion resistance of the device electrode, and verify its applicability in biodegradable electronics. The formation of a homogeneous solid solution of single-phase Mg-3Zn was confirmed through X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the dissolution behavior and chemistry was also investigated in various biological fluids by considering the effect of different ion species. Micro-tensile tests showed that the Mg-3Zn alloy electrode exhibited an enhanced yield strain and elongation in relation to a pure Mg electrode. Cell viability test revealed the high biocompatibility rate of the Mg-3Zn binary alloy thin film. Finally, the fabrication of a wireless heater demonstrated the integrability of biodegradable electrodes and highlighted the ability to prolong the lifecycle of thermotherapy-relevant electronics by enhancing the dissolution resistance of the Mg alloy.

关键词： Biodegradable alloy Mg-3Zn binary alloy Solid-solution thin film electrode Biodegradable conductor Transient electronics

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Improving hydroxyapatite coating ability on biodegradable metal through laser-induced hydrothermal coating in liquid precursor:Application in orthopedic implants

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Bioactive materials 2023年第7期25卷 796-806页

作者： Jaeho Park Seung-Hoon Um Youngmin Seo Jaehong Lee Yu-Chan Kim Myoung-Ryul Ok Suk-Won Hwang Jeong-Yun Sun Hyung-Seop Han Hojeong Jeon Biomaterials Research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul02792South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University(SNU)Seoul08826South Korea Division of Biomedical Science and Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologySeoul02792South Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul02841South Korea

During the past decade,there has been extensive research toward the possibility of exploring magnesium and its alloys as biocompatible and biodegradable materials for implantable *** practical medical application,however,has been limited to specific areas owing to rapid corrosion in the initial stage and the consequent *** coatings can significantly reduce the initial corrosion of Mg alloys,and several studies have been carried out to improve the adhesion strength of the coating to the surfaces of the *** composition of hydroxyapatite(HAp)is very similar to that of bone tissue;it is one of the most commonly used coating materials for bone-related implants owing to favorable osseointegration *** this study,HAp was coated on Mg using nanosecond laser coating,combining the advantages of chemical and physical *** heat generated in the liquid precursor by the laser improved the adhesion of the coating through the precipitation and growth of HAp at the localized nanosecond laser focal area and increased the corrosion resistance and cell adhesion of *** physical,crystallographic,and chemical bondings were analyzed to explore the mechanism through which the surface adhesion between Mg and the HAp coating layer *** applicability of the coating to Mg screws used for clinical devices and improvement in its corrosion property were *** liquid environment-based laser surface coating technique offers a simple and quick process that does not require any chemical ligands,and therefore,overcomes a potential obstacle in its clinical use.

关键词： Biodegradable metal HAp coating Nanosecond laser Photothermal synthesis Soret effect(thermophoresis)

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Customizable design ofmultiple-biomolecule delivery platform for enhanced osteogenic responses via‘tailored assembly system’

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2022年第3期5卷 451-464页

作者： Hyun Lee Min-Kyu Lee Ginam Han Hyoun-Ee Kim Juha Song Yuhyeon Na Chang-Bun Yoon SeKwon Oh Tae-Sik Jang Hyun-Do Jung Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering Catholic University of KoreaBucheon 14662Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of KoreaBucheon 14662Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Biomedical Implant Convergence Research Center Advanced Institutes of Convergence TechnologySuwon 443-270Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University70 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637457Singapore Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do 15073Republic of Korea Surface R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon 21999Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea

Porous titanium(Ti)scaffolds have been extensively utilized as bone substitute scaffolds due to their superior biocompatibility and excellent mechanical ***,naturally formed TiO2 on the surface limits fast *** biomolecules have been widely utilized to overcome this issue;however,homogeneous porous Ti scaffolds could not simultaneously deliver multiple biomolecules that have different release *** this study,functionally graded porous Ti scaffolds(FGPTs)with dense inner and porous outer parts were fabricated using a two-body combination and densification *** with growth factor(BMP-2)and antibiotics(TCH)exhibited suitable mechanical properties as bone substituting material and presented good structural *** release of BMP-2 was considerably prolonged,whereas the release of TCH was comparable to that of homogenous porous titanium scaffolds(control group).The osteogenic differentiation obtained using FGPTs was maintained due to the prolonged release of *** antimicrobial properties of these scaffolds were verified using *** in terms of prior release *** addition,various candidates for graded porous Ti scaffolds with altered pore characteristics were presented.

关键词： Functionally graded porous titanium scaffold Tailored assembly system Mechanical tunability Multiplebiomolecule delivery Bone tissue engineering

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Machine-Learning-Assisted Design of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Uncovered Hydrogen Bond Patterns

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engineering 2024年第8期39卷 74-83页

作者： Usman L.Abbas Yuxuan Zhang Joseph Tapia Selim Md Jin Chen Jian Shi Qing Shao Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Institute for Biomedical Informatics Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Non-ionic deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are non-ionic designer solvents with various applications in catalysis,extraction,carbon capture,and ***,discovering new DES candidates is challenging due to a lack of efficient tools that accurately predict DES *** search for DES relies heavily on intuition or trial-and-error processes,leading to low success rates or missed *** that hydrogen bonds(HBs)play a central role in DES formation,we aim to identify HB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to develop machine learning(ML)models to discover new DES *** first analyze the HB properties of 38 known DES and 111 known non-DES systems using their molecular dynamics(MD)simulation *** analysis reveals that DES systems have two unique features compared to non-DES systems:The DESs have①more imbalance between the numbers of the two intra-component HBs and②more and stronger inter-component *** on these results,we develop 30 ML models using ten algorithms and three types of HB-based *** model performance is first benchmarked using the average and minimal receiver operating characteristic(ROC)-area under the curve(AUC)*** also analyze the importance of individual features in the models,and the results are consistent with the simulation-based statistical ***,we validate the models using the experimental data of 34 *** extra trees forest model outperforms the other models in the validation,with an ROC-AUC of *** work illustrates the importance of HBs in DES formation and shows the potential of ML in discovering new DESs.

关键词： Machine learning Deep eutectic solvents Molecular dynamics simulations Hydrogen bond Molecular design

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Carbonized waste milk powders as cathodes for stable lithium-sulfur batteries with ultra-large capacity and high initial coulombic efficiency

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第5期7卷 1071-1083页

作者： Rabia Khatoon Sanam Attique Rumin Liu Sajid Rauf Nasir Ali Luhong Zhang Yu-Jia Zeng Yichuan Guo Yusuf Valentino Kaneti Jongbeom Na Haichao Tang Hongwen Chen Yang Tian Jianguo Lu State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Institute for Composites Science Innovation School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Faculty of Physics and Electronic ScienceHubei UniversityWuhanHubei430062China State Key Laboratory for Silicon Materials Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and DevicesDepartment of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1NamikiIbaraki305-0044Japan School of Chemical Engineering&Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia

To explore the natural resources as sustainable precursors offers a family of green *** use of bio-waste precursors especially the remaining from food processing is a scalable,highly abundant,and cost-effective *** waste materials is highly important especially for new materials discovery in emerging energy storage technologies such as lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs).Herein,waste milk powder is carbonized and constructed as the sulfur host with the hollow micro-/mesoporous framework,and the resulting carbonized milk powder and sulfur(CMP/S) composites are employed as cathodes for *** is revealed that the hollow micro-/mesoporous CMP/S framework can not only accommodate the volume expansion but also endow smooth pathways for the fast diffusion of electrons and Li-ions,leading to both high capacity and long cycling *** CMP/S composite electrode with 56 wt% loaded sulfur exhibits a remarkable initial capacity of 1596 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1 C,corresponding to 95% of the theoretical *** at a rate of 1 C,it maintains a high capacity of 730 mAh g^(-1) with a capacity retention of 72.6% after 500 cycles,demonstrating a very low capacity fading of only 0.05% per ***,the Coulombic efficiency is always higher than 96%during all the *** only used source material is expired waste milk powders in our *** believe that this "trash to treasure" approach will open up a new way for the utilization of waste material as environmentally safe and high performance electrodes for advanced LSBs.

关键词： composites powders initial

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Mechanically interlocked two-dimensional polymers

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2025年第6731期387卷 264-269页

作者： Bardot, Madison I. Weyhrich, Cody W. Shi, Zixiao Traxler, Michael Stern, Charlotte L. Cui, Jinlei Muller, David A. Becker, Matthew L. Dichtel, William R. Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Department of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY United States School of Applied and Engineering Physics and Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University Durham NC United States

Mechanical bonds arise between molecules that contain interlocked subunits, such as one macrocycle threaded through another. Within polymers, these linkages will confer distinctive mechanical properties and other emergent behaviors, but polymerizations that form mechanical bonds efficiently and use simple monomeric building blocks are rare. In this work, we introduce a solid-state polymerization in which one monomer infiltrates crystals of another to form a macrocycle and mechanical bond at each repeat unit of a two-dimensional (2D) polymer. This mechanically interlocked 2D polymer is formed as a layered solid that is readily exfoliated in common organic solvents, enabling spectroscopic characterization and atomic-resolution imaging using advanced electron microscopy techniques. The 2D mechanically interlocked polymer is easily prepared on multigram scales, which, along with its solution processibility, enables the facile fabrication of composite fibers with Ultem that exhibit enhanced stiffness and strength. © 2025 the authors,

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Low-density diamondlike amorphous carbon at nanostructured metal-diamond interfaces

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Physical Review materials 2024年第9期8卷 096001页

作者： Brendan McBennett Yuka Esashi Nicholas W. Jenkins Albert Beardo Yunzhe Shao Emma E. Nelson Theodore H. Culman Begoña Abad Michael Tanksalvala Travis D. Frazer Samuel Marks Weilun Chao Sadegh Yazdi Joshua L. Knobloch Henry C. Kapteyn Margaret M. Murnane Department of Physics Materials Science and Engineering Center for X-Ray Optics Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute and the Materials Science & Engineering Program 4775 Walnut Street #102 Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Next-generation nanoelectronic, energy, and quantum technologies require increasingly stringent thermal, optical, mechanical, and electrical properties of component materials, often surpassing the limits of widely used materials such as silicon. Diamond, an ultrawide bandgap semiconductor, is a promising material for these applications because of its very high stiffness, thermal conductivity, and electron mobility. However, incorporating diamond into devices that require high-quality metal-diamond interfaces is challenging. In this work, we use a suite of electron microscopy measurements to reveal an ultrathin amorphous carbon layer that emerges at metal-diamond interfaces after electron beam lithography. Using extreme ultraviolet scatterometry, we nondestructively determine lower bounds on the layer's Young's modulus and thermal conductivity, which at >230GPa and >1.1 W/(mK) are indicative of a diamondlike form of amorphous carbon with high sp3 bonding. However, extreme ultraviolet coherent diffractive imaging reflectometry and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy measurements indicate a low and likely inhomogeneous density in the range of 1–2g/cm3. The low density of such a stiff and conductive layer could indicate that it contains nanometer-scale voids or atomic-scale vacancies. The appearance of this unusual layer illustrates the nanofabrication challenges for diamond and highlights the need for better techniques to characterize surfaces and interfaces in nanoscale devices.

关键词： Amorphous materials Diamond Interfaces Thin films Electron energy loss spectroscopy Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy High-harmonic generation Ultrafast femtosecond pump probe X-ray reflectivity

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Strength-ductility synergy in a 1.4 GPa austenitic steel with a heterogeneous lamellar microstructure

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 133-138页

作者： Gang Niu Hatem S.Zurob R.D.K.Misra Huibin Wu Yu Zou Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3E4Canada Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonONL8S 4L7Canada Department of Metallurgical Materials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3E4Canada

*** Advanced high-strength steels with good ductility are essen-tial to the manufacturing,structural safety,and light-weighting of load-bearing structures in many industries[1-3].Austenitic stain-less steel(ASS)exhibits high ductility due to the TRIP and/or TWIP effect that can alleviate stress concentration,prevent void nucle-ation,enhance work hardening,and postpone necking[4-6].The yield strength of conventional ASS is generally low(∼200-500 MPa),and their deformation resistance is insufficient for many load-bearing applications[6].Previous studies reported the in-creased yield strength in various austenitic steels through grain refinement,dislocation strengthening,precipitation strengthening,and heterogeneous hardening[7-14].A single strengthening mech-anism,however,is typically insufficient to obtain ultrahigh yield strength over 1 GPa in austenitic steel[12].

关键词： steel ductility austenitic

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Atrophy of the cholinergic regions advances from early to late mild cognitive impairment

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Neuroradiology 2024年第4期66卷 543-556页

作者： Lai, Ying-Liang Larry Hsu, Fei-Ting Yeh, Shu-Yi Kuo, Yu-Tzu Lin, Hui-Hsien Lin, Yi-Chun Kuo, Li-Wei Chen, Cheng-Yu Liu, Hua-Shan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taipei Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan CT/MR Division Rotary Trading CO. LTD Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging Taipei Medical University Hospital Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Purpose: We investigated the volumetric changes in the components of the cholinergic pathway for patients with early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI) and those with late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI). The effect of patients’ apolipoprotein 4 (APOE-ε4) allele status on the structural changes were analyzed. Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging data were collected. Patients’ demographic information, plasma data, and validated global cognitive composite scores were included. Relevant features were extracted for constructing machine learning models to differentiate between EMCI (n = 312) and LMCI (n = 541) and predict patients’ neurocognitive function. The data were analyzed primarily through one-way analysis of variance and two-way analysis of covariance. Results: Considerable differences were observed in cholinergic structural changes between patients with EMCI and LMCI. Cholinergic atrophy was more prominent in the LMCI cohort than in the EMCI cohort (P < 0.05 family-wise error corrected). APOE-ε4 differentially affected cholinergic atrophy in the LMCI and EMCI cohorts. For LMCI cohort, APOE-ε4 carriers exhibited increased brain atrophy (left amygdala: P = 0.001;right amygdala: P = 0.006, and right Ch123, P = 0.032). EMCI and LCMI patients showed distinctive associations of gray matter volumes in cholinergic regions with executive (R² = 0.063 and 0.030 for EMCI and LMCI, respectively) and language (R² = 0.095 and 0.042 for EMCI and LMCI, respectively) function. Conclusions: Our data confirmed significant cholinergic atrophy differences between early and late stages of mild cognitive impairment. The impact of the APOE-ε4 allele on cholinergic atrophy varied between the LMCI and EMCI groups. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： APOE-ε4 allele cholinergic pathway Early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) nucleus basalis of Meynert

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