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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Meng Lin, Tian Hou, Qingshan Lin, Aidi Wang, Jingcheng Peng, Qingsheng Nguyen, Truong X. Fang, Danqi Zou, Ke Xu, Ting Xue, Cancan Quek, Ten Cheer Yu, Qinkai Liu, Minxin Zhou, Hui Xiao, Zixuan He, Guiqin Liang, Huiyu Shi, Tingkun Chen, Man Liu, Linna Peng, Yuanyuan Wang, Lianyu Hu, Qiuming Chen, Junhong Zhang, Zhenhua Chen, Cheng Zhao, Yitian Liu, Dianbo Wu, Jianhua Chen, Xinjian Zhang, Changqing Nguyen, Triet Thanh Meng, Yanda Zheng, Yalin Tham, Yih Chung Cheung, Carol Y. Fu, Huazhu Chen, Haoyu Cheng, Ching-Yu Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore119228 Singapore Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore119228 Singapore Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shantou515041 China Shantou University Medical College Guangdong Shantou515041 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang110819 China Big Vision Medical Technology Ltd. Suzhou215011 China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore169856 Singapore Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Binh Dinh Eye Hospital Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4RN United Kingdom University of Science and Technology Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen518000 China Department of Ophthalmology Meizhou People’s Hospital Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Meizhou514000 China Department of Ophthalmology Yeungnam University College of Medicine Daegu42417 Korea Republic of Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University Hubei Wuhan430000 China School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University Anhui Hefei230032 China College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jiangsu Nanjing211100 China Guangxi Jingliang Eye Hospital Guangxi Nanning530021 China Puning People’s Hospital Guangdong Jieyang522000 China Shandong Qingdao266042 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Ningbo315201 China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Soochow University

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows remarkable potential in medical imaging diagnostics, but current models typically require retraining when deployed across different clinical centers, limiting their widespread adoption. We introduce GlobeReady, a clinician-friendly AI platform that enables ocular disease diagnosis without retraining/fine-tuning or technical expertise. GlobeReady achieves high accuracy across imaging modalities: 93.9–98.5% for an 11-category fundus photo dataset and 87.2–92.7% for a 15-category OCT dataset. Through training-free local feature augmentation, it addresses domain shifts across centers and populations, reaching an average accuracy of 88.9% across five centers in China, 86.3% in Vietnam, and 90.2% in the UK. The built-in confidence-quantifiable diagnostic approach further boosted accuracy to 94.9–99.4% (fundus) and 88.2–96.2% (OCT), while identifying out-of-distribution cases at 86.3% (49 CFP categories) and 90.6% (13 OCT categories). Clinicians from multiple countries rated GlobeReady highly (average 4.6 out of 5) for its usability and clinical relevance. These results demonstrate GlobeReady’s robust, scalable diagnostic capability and potential to support ophthalmic care without technical barriers. © 2025, CC0.

关键词： Ophthalmology

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Signature of multilayer graphene strain-controlled domain walls in quantum Hall effect

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Anderson, Paul Huang, Yifan Fan, Yuanjun Qubbaj, Sara Coh, Sinisa Zhou, Qin Ojeda-Aristizabal, Claudia Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Long Beach Long BeachCA90840 United States Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska LincolnNE68588-0526 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

Domain walls, topological defects that define the frontier between regions of different stacking in multilayer graphene, have proved to host exciting physics. The ability of tuning these topological defects in-situ in an electronic transport experiment brings a wealth of possibilities in terms of fundamental understanding of domain walls as well as for electronic applications. Here, we demonstrate through a MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) actuator and magnetoresistance measurements the effect of domain walls in multilayer graphene quantum Hall effect. Reversible and controlled uniaxial strain triggers these topological defects, manifested as new quantum Hall effect plateaus as well as a discrete and reversible modulation of the current across the device. Our findings are supported by theoretical calculations and constitute the first indication of the in-situ tuning of topological defects in multilayer graphene probed through electronic transport, opening the way to the use of reversible topological defects in electronic applications. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Underlying magnetization responses of magnetic nanoparticles in assemblies

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kouhpanji, Mohammad Reza Zamani Visscher, Pieter B. Stadler, Bethanie J. H. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Alabama United States

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been proposed as an ultimate solution for diverse applications including nanomedicine and logic devices over decades. However, none has emerged revolutionary because realizing their magnetization response in an assembly is, surprisingly, still elusive. We employ our fast and universal magnetic characterization method, called the projection method, to underlie the reversible (irreversible) magnetization response of several assemblies. We then illustrate how the reversible (irreversible) magnetization response is correlated to the intrinsic properties (the coercivity and interaction fields) of the MNPs in an assembly. Our experimental observations indicate that the reversible magnetization does not solely depend on the interaction field, but it is indeed a function of the interaction field to coercivity ratio. Furthermore, for large porosities, the interaction field linearly changes with the porosity highlighting the predominant effects of dipole-dipole interactions on the interaction fields. However, at low porosities, the interaction field shows a nonlinear relationship with the porosity indicating the dipole fluctuations effects dominantly determine the interaction fields. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Porosity

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The Influence of Alkyl Spacers and Molecular Weight on the Charge Transport and Storage Properties of Oxy-Bithiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第6期137卷

作者： Hang Yu Adam Marks Sachetan M. Tuladhar Nicholas Siemons Iona Anderson Sophia Bidinger Scott T. Keene Tyler J. Quill Ruiheng Wu Olivia Gough Guanchen Wu Flurin Eisner Alberto Salleo Jonathan Rivnay George G. Malliaras Piers R. F. Barnes Iain McCulloch Jenny Nelson Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics Imperial College London SW7 2AZ London United Kingdom Department of Chemistry University of Oxford OX1 2JD Oxford United Kingdom Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 94305 Stanford CA United States Department of Engineering University of Cambridge CB3 0FA Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University 60208 Evanston IL United States Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University 08544 Princeton NJ United States

Conjugated polymers (CPs) with polar side chains can conduct electronic and ionic charges simultaneously, making them promising for bioelectronics, electrocatalysis and energy storage. Recent work showed that adding alkyl spacers between CP backbones and polar side chains improved electronic charge carrier mobility, reduced swelling and enhanced stability, without compromising ion transport. However, how alkyl spacers impact polymer backbone conformation and, subsequently, electronic properties remain unclear. In this work, we design two oxy-bithiophene-based CP series, each featuring progressively extended alkyl spacer lengths and two distinct molecular weight (MW) distributions. Using operando characterisations, we evaluate the (spectro)electrochemical and swelling properties of the polymer thin films, and their performance in organic field-effect transistors and organic electrochemical transistors. Surprisingly, alkyl spacers negatively impact the hole mobility of our polymers, with higher MW amplifying this effect. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that it is thermodynamically favourable for adjacent non-polar alkyl spacers to aggregate in polar electrolytes, leading to backbone twisting. Further spectroscopic measurements corroborate this prediction. Our findings demonstrate the active interactions between side chain structure, MW and electrolyte/solvent polarity in influencing polymer performance, underscoring the importance of considering solvation environment effects on polymer conformation when designing new mixed conducting CPs for electrochemical applications.

关键词： Conformation analysis Conjugated polymers Electrochemistry Molecular dynamics Polymer-solvent interactions

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Room-temperature polar metal stabilized under high pressure

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Physical Review B 2020年第22期101卷 220101(R)-220101(R)页

作者： J.-J. Gao S.-Y. Fu K. Yamaura J. F. Lin J.-S. Zhou Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Institute of Fluid Physics China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China Department of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectronics (WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University North 10 West 8 Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0810 Japan

LiOsO3 synthesized under high pressure in recent years is a rare metal since it undergoes a nonpolar to polar phase transition at Ts=140K. Forming a polar axis through a phase transition in a metal seems against common sense. It is also not clear whether the transition to a polar phase in the oxide fits the mechanism predicted by Anderson and Blount in 1965. As monitored by an anomaly of resistivity in LiOsO3 at Ts reported recently, Ts increases under pressure. The structural study under high pressure could give us a useful clue for understanding how dipoles form in this metallic oxide. Here, we report the identification of a polar phase of LiOsO3 at room temperature under high pressure by using in situ probes of Raman and synchrotron x-ray diffraction. In the Raman study, the pressure-induced modes and their responses to polarized light, the linewidth change, the peak profile change, and mode softening have been directly compared with the corresponding changes of LiOsO3 on cooling through Ts at ambient pressure. Whereas a complete set of Raman modes from the R3c phase can be found at P≥15.5GPa, a Raman mode of the R3c phase appears in the R3¯c phase at 4.11 GPa. A significant drop in the linewidth occurs at 12.6 GPa that coincides with the critical pressure for the phase transition to the polar phase detected by x-ray diffraction. Fitting the peak profile of a Raman mode to the Fano formula also indicates a clear change of electron-phonon coupling at 16 GPa. In contrast to a sharp structural transition to the polar phase at Ts under ambient pressure, our results reveal all the structural ingredients to facilitate the polar phase over a broad range of pressure. A bond valence sum analysis has been introduced to reveal the local structural instability under pressure. The transition to the polar phase in metallic LiOsO3 is solely caused by optimizing the local structure in order to make the bond valence sum close to the formal valence of the Li ion.

关键词： Ferroelectricity Phase transitions Pressure effects Metals

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Three-Dimensional Metallic Boron Carbide: Stability and Properties

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Journal of computational chemistry 2025年第17期46卷

作者： Kashif Hussain Qiang Liu Bin Chen Maryam Sarwar Fatima Munir Ying Teng Heping Xie Suling Shen Zhengbiao Ouyang THz Technology Laboratory Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University China. School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University China. Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong China. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University China. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Deep Engineering Sciences and Green Energy Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green Energy College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China. Institute of Mathematics University of the Punjab Pakistan. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanxi University China.

The design of novel materials through the strategic modification of their structural building blocks represents a powerful approach to achieving significant advancements in materials science. This study thoroughly examines the structural, mechanical, electronic, acoustic, and thermodynamic properties of a three-dimensional monoclinic boron carbide (3D m-BC) structure using first-principles methods based on density functional theory (DFT). We introduce a unique cage-based 3D monoclinic boron carbide structure, constructed from 4-, 5-, and 6-membered rings, which demonstrates remarkable dynamic, thermal, and mechanical stability. Our advanced first-principles calculations reveal that this architecture exhibits metallic characteristics, as confirmed by both GGA-PBE and HSE06 hybrid functionals. In contrast to the ductile and low Vickers hardness 3D-BC, the 3D m-BC displays significant brittleness, a high Vickers hardness of 45.40 GPa (32.36 GPa), a low Poisson's ratio of 0.188, and a universal anisotropic index of 0.903. When compared to established thermal coating (TBC) materials such as yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), which has a fracture toughness range of 2.0 to 2.3 MPa m and a minimum thermal conductivity of 2.20 W m K, the 3D m-BC demonstrates superior fracture toughness of 5.336 MPa m and a minimum thermal conductivity of 3.773 W m K. These exceptional characteristics suggest that 3D m-BC could serve as a compelling candidate for applications in environmental protection, thermal barriers, and oxygen-resistant coatings. The material exhibits a Debye temperature of 1524.15 K, an acoustic Grüneisen constant of 1.240, and a phonon thermal conductivity of 85.52 W m K at 300 K. Its melting temperature is 3311.94 K, with a thermal expansion coefficient of 7.337 μK and notable phonon inelastic scattering. These findings expand the range of boron carbide materials with new properties, presenting exciting prospects for advanced engineering applications and encouraging f

关键词： brittle density functional theory metallic boron carbide porous materials thermal barrier coatings

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Biochemical mechanisms and molecular interactions of vitamins in cancer therapy

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2025年第1期3卷 3-15页

作者： Abdullahi T.Aborode Isreal A.Onifade Mercy M.Olorunshola Gladys O.Adenikinju Ibude J.Aruorivwooghene Adeboboye C.Femi Osasere Jude-Kelly Osayawe Abraham Osinuga Ebenezer A.Omojowolo Adekunle F.Adeoye Segun Olapade Ibroadhfrimed O.Acdoelaku Ogundepo D.Moyinoluwa Oluwatosin M.Adeyemo Godfred Y.Scott Ruth A.Ogbonna Emmanuel A.Fajemisin Omama Ehtasham Soyemi Toluwalashe Adetolase A.Bakre Ridwan O.Adesola Seto C.Ogunleye Nnenna R.Anyanwu Terungwa H.lorkula Department of Chemistry Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39759USA Department of Biology University at AlbanyAlbanyNY 12222USA Department of Biological Sciences State University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNY 13902USA Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI 02881USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Kansas Medical CenterKansasKS 66103USA Department of Microbiology Federal University of TechnologyAkure 340110Nigeria Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Chemistry University of AlbanyState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30302USA Department of Chemistry University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40208USA Department of Biochemistry Federal University of TechnologyAkure 340110Nigeria Department of Medical Diagnostics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi AK385Ghana Department of Research and Development Nasarawa State AIDS and STI Control ProgramNasarawaLafia 962101Nigeria Department of Integrative Biomedical Science University of Cape TownCape Town 7701South Africa Department of Medicine and Surgery Karachi Medical and Dental CollegeKarachi 74700Pakistan Department of Medicine Lagos State University College of MedicineLagos 10010Nigeria Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan 200005Nigeria Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of JosPlateauJos 930003Nigeria

Recently,the potential role of vitamins in cancer therapy has attracted considerable research ***,the reported findings are inconsistent,with limited information on the biochemical and molecular interactions of different vitamins in various cancer ***,the presence of vitamin receptors in tumor cells suggests that vitamins play a significant role in the molecular and biochemical interactions in ***,studies on the efficacy of vitamin supplementation and dosage levels on tumor progression and mortality risk have yielded inconsistent ***,molecular and biochemical investigations have reported the function of vitamins in the proliferation,growth,and invasiveness of tumor cells,as well as in cell cycle arrest and inflammatory ***,different vitamins may regulate the cancer microenvironment by activating various molecular *** significantly affect immunological function,antioxidant defense,inflammation,and epigenetic control,and can improve treatment outcomes by affecting cell behavior and combating stress and DNA ***,further research is necessary to confirm the efficacy of vitamins,establish ideal dosages,and develop effective cancer prevention and treatment *** supplementation plans guided by medical knowledge are crucial to achieving optimal results in clinical and preclinical *** this review,we critically evaluated the effects of different vitamins on the risk and development of ***,we examined the potential of vitamin supplements to enhance the efficacy of drug therapy and counteract resistance mechanisms that often arise during cancer treatment.

关键词： Vitamins Cancer Biochemical Molecular interactions Therapy

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Poly(Ethylene glycol) click hydrogels with embedded sensing microdomains for a long-term, implantable biosensor 42

Poly(Ethylene glycol) click hydrogels with embedded sensing ...

引用

42nd Society for Biomaterials Annual Meeting and Exposition 2019: The Pinnacle of Biomaterials Innovation and Excellence

作者： Baldock, Victoria Jivan, Faraz Alge, Daniel McShane, Mike Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas AandM University Texas AandM University College StationTX United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas AandM University Texas AandM University College StationTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510883901

Statement of Purpose: Chronic diseases affect millions of Americans, decreasing quality of life. Continuously monitoring these conditions allows patients and healthcare professionals to make informed decisions regarding medication and lifestyle habits for better disease management. Our previously published work has demonstrated that a bulk ionically-cross linked alginate hydrogel containing alginate microparticles encapsulating benzoporphyrin dye and oxidoreductase enzymes can be used as an implantable system for continuous monitoring of glucose and lactate via optical interrogation.12 Alginate is a widely-used biocompatible hydrogel that can be ionically-cross linked by multivalent cations, such as calcium (Ca2+). While alginate hydrogels offer the benefit of mild gelation conditions, they tend to disintegrate over time in bodily fluids as the multivalent cations are replaced by monovalent cations.3 In this work, we investigate a more stable matrix better suited for long-term sensing using poly(elhylene glycol) (PEG), which is widely used in biomedical applications for its high biocompatibility, stability, and anti-fouling properties. Pairing PEG with thiol-vinyl sulfone click-chemistry (PEG-SH-VS) allows for rapid and controlled covalent crosslinking under mild conditions, resulting in stable bulk hydrogels.4 We hypothesized that incorporating sensing alginate microparticles into a PEG-SH-VS hydrogel would provide an improved platform for long-term, continuous monitoring. © 2019 Omnipress - All rights reserved.

关键词： Polyethylene glycols

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Innenrücktitelbild: A Near-Infrared Light-Activated Photocage Based on a Ruthenium Complex for Cancer Phototherapy (Angew. Chem. 24/2023)

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第24期135卷

作者： Guangli He Maomao He Ran Wang Xuezhao Li Hanze Hu Dongsheng Wang Ziqian Wang Yang Lu Ning Xu Jianjun Du Jiangli Fan Xiaojun Peng Wen Sun State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 China

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Origin of the large interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in MgO/Co2FeAl

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Physical Review B 2020年第13期101卷 134405-134405页

作者： Sicong Jiang Safdar Nazir Kesong Yang Department of NanoEngineering and Program of Chemical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0448 USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0418 USA Center for Memory and Recording Research University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0401 USA

Interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the MgO/Co2FeAl heterostructure is desired for technological applications, while the origin of the large interfacial anisotropy constant Ki remains controversial. Here we show that, by modeling four types of interface models for the MgO/Co2FeAl system using first-principles calculations, the MgO/Co2 interface is energetically more favorable than the MgO/FeAl interface and the interfacial Co atoms at the former interface produce out-of-plane Ki, while the interfacial Fe atoms at the latter interface produce in-plane Ki. The origin of these different behaviors can be explained by the atomic-resolved and orbital-resolved Ki along with the perturbation theory energy analysis. In addition, we also studied the influence of 26 capping layers on the interfacial magnetic anisotropy of MgO/Co2FeAl and found that Fe and W capping can significantly enhance Ki in the MgO/Co2FeAl with a particularly large Ki of 4.90mJ/m2 in the W-capped model. This work clarifies the atomistic origin of the interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and provides guidance to further enhance interfacial Ki by adding capping layers in the MgO/Co2FeAl.

关键词： First-principles calculations Magnetic anisotropy Solid-solid interfaces Density functional theory High-throughput calculations

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