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arXiv 2025年

作者： Mueller, Niclas S. Fellows, Alexander P. John, Ben Naclerio, Andrew E. Carbogno, Christian Gharagozloo-Hubmann, Katayoun Baláž, Damián Kowalski, Ryan A. Heenen, Hendrik H. Scheurer, Christoph Reuter, Karsten Caldwell, Joshua D. Wolf, Martin Kidambi, Piran R. Thämer, Martin Paarmann, Alexander Department of Physical Chemistry Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society Berlin14195 Germany Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Theory Department Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society Berlin14195 Germany Department of Physics Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an important 2D material for van der Waals heterostructures, single photon emitters, and infrared nanophotonics. The optical characterization of mono- and few-layer samples of hBN however remains a challenge as the material is almost invisible optically. Here we introduce phase-resolved sum-frequency microscopy as a technique for imaging monolayers of hBN grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and visualize their crystal orientation. A combination of femtosecond mid-infrared (IR) and visible laser pulses is used for sum-frequency generation (SFG), which is imaged in a wide-field optical microscope. The IR laser resonantly excites a phonon of hBN that leads to an ~800-fold enhancement of the SFG intensity, making it possible to image large 100x100 µm2 sample areas in less than 1 s. Implementing heterodyne detection in combination with azimuthal rotation of the sample further provides full crystallographic information. Through combined knowledge of topography and crystal orientation, we find that triangular domains of CVD-grown monolayer hBN have nitrogen-terminated zigzag edges. Overall, SFG microscopy can be used as an ultra-sensitive tool to image crystal structure, strain, stacking sequences, and twist angles, and is applicable to the wide range of van der Waals structures, where location and identification of monolayer regions and interfaces with broken inversion symmetry is of paramount importance. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Short-range order and origin of the low thermal conductivity in compositionally complex rare-earth niobates and tantalates

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wright, Andrew J. Wang, Qingyang Yeh, Yi-Ting Zhang, Dawei Everett, Michelle Neuefeind, Joerg Chen, Renkun Luo, Jian Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego San diegoCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego San diegoCA92093 United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego San diegoCA92093 United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory One Bethel Valley Road Oak RidgeTN37831 United States

Rare-earth niobates and tantalates possess low thermal conductivities, which can be further reduced in high-entropy compositions. Here, a large number of 40 compositions are synthesized to investigate the origin of low thermal conductivity. Amongst, 29 possess single (nominally cubic) fluorite phases and most of them are new compositionally complex (medium-or high-entropy) compositions. One new finding is that doping 2 % of light element cations can further reduce thermal conductivity. This large data set enables the discovery of a negative correlation between the thermal conductivity and averaged radius ratio of the 3+/5+ cations. While this ratio is still below the threshold for forming long-range ordered weberite phases, this correlation suggests the reduced thermal conductivity is related to short-range weberite order, which is indeed revealed by diffuse scattering in X-ray and neutron diffraction. Specifically, neutron diffraction is used characterize five selected specimens. A better fit to a weberite structure is found at nanoscale (1 nm). The characteristic length (domain size) is smaller but with stronger short-range ordering in more insulative materials. As it approaches the Ioffe-Regel limit, the phonon limit breaks down and "diffusons" give rise to the observed amorphous-like thermal conductivity. Disordered oxygen sublattices are also confirmed by neutron diffraction. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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Terahertz cavity magnon polaritons

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kritzell, T. Elijah Baydin, Andrey Tay, Fuyang Rodriguez, Rodolfo Nojiri, Hiroyuki Everitt, Henry O. Barsukov, Igor Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory-South HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Hybrid light-matter coupled states, or polaritons, in magnetic materials have attracted significant attention due to their potential for enabling novel applications in spintronics and quantum information processing. However, most studies to date have been carried out for ferromagnetic materials with magnon excitations at gigahertz frequencies. Here, we have investigated strong resonant photon-magnon coupling at frequencies above 1 terahertz for the first time in a prototypical room-temperature antiferromagnetic insulator, NiO, inside a Fabry-Pérot cavity. The cavity was formed by the crystal itself when it was thinned down to an optimized thickness. By using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in high magnetic fields up to 25 T, we swept the magnon frequency through Fabry-Pérot cavity modes and observed photon-magnon anticrossing behavior, demonstrating clear vacuum Rabi splittings exceeding the polariton linewidths. These results show that NiO is a promising platform for exploring antiferromagnetic spintronics and cavity magnonics in the terahertz frequency range. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polariton

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Evaluation of Structure-Controlled Silk Fibroin Coatings for Orthopedic Infection and In-Situ Osteogenesis: In Vitro and in Vivo

SSRN

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SSRN 2020年

作者： Zhou, Wenhao Zhang, Teng Yan, Jianglong Li, QiYao Xiong, Panpan Li, Yangyang Cheng, Yan Zheng, Yufeng Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Orthopedics Peking University Third Hospital Beijing100191 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Materials Research Institute Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States

biomedical device-associated infections (BAI) and osteosynthesis are two main complications following the orthopedic implant surgery, especially while infecting bacteria form a mature biofilm, which can protect the organisms from the host immune system and antibiotic therapy. Comparing with the single antibiotics therapeutic method, the combination of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and conventional antibiotics exert a high level of antibacterial activity. Nevertheless, one major issue that extremely restricts the potential application of AgNP/antiviotics is the uncontrolled release. Moreover, the lack of osteogenic ability may cause the osteosynthesis. Thus, herein we fabricated a structure-controlled drug-loaded silk fibroin (SF) coating that can achieve the size and release control of AgNPs and high efficient osteogenesis. Three comparative SF-based coatings were fabricated: α-structured coating (α-helices 32.7%,), m-structured coating (β-sheets 28.3%) and β-structured coating (β-sheets 41%). Owning to the high content of α-helices structure and small AgNPs (20 nm), α-structured coating displayed better protein adsorption and hydrophilicity, as well as pH-dependent and long-lasting antibacterial performance. In vitro studies demonstrated that α coating showed good biocompatibility (cellular attachment, spreading and proliferation), high ALP expression, collagen secretion and calcium mineralization. Moreover, after one month subcutaneous implantation in vivo, α-structured coating elicited minimal, comparable inflammatory response. Additionally, in a rabbit femoral defect model, α-structured coating displayed a significant improvement on the generation of new-born bone and bonding between the new bone and the tissue, implying a rapid and durable osteointegration. Expectedly, this optimized structure-controlled SF-based coating can be an alternative and prospective solution for the current challenges in orthopedics. © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coatings

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Increasing polycation hydrophobicity in mRNA polyplex vaccines enhances the efficacy of humoral and cellular immunity induction

引用

Biomaterials 2026年 324卷

作者： Nan Qiao Mao Hori Mitsuru Naito Heemin Chang Satomi Ogura Mika Suzuki Tsuyoshi Kimura Shigeto Fukushima Hyun Jin Kim Satoshi Uchida Kanjiro Miyata Department of Materials Engineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Medical Research Laboratory Institute of Integrated Research Institute of Science Tokyo 1-5-45 Yushima Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8510 Japan Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering Institute of Integrated Research Institute of Science Tokyo 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0062 Japan Department of Materials Science and Technology Faculty of Advanced Engineering Tokyo University of Science 6-3-1 Niijuku Katsushika-ku Tokyo 125-8585 Japan Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS The University of Osaka 1-10 Yamadaoka Suita-shi Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Life Science Toyo University 48-1 Oka Asaka-shi Saitama 351-8510 Japan Innovation Center of NanoMedicine (iCONM) Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion 3-25-14 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-0821 Japan Department of Biological Engineering College of Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon 22212 Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan

Polycation-based mRNA delivery systems, known as polyplexes, hold significant potential for use in mRNA vaccines and therapeutics. However, their performance has been suboptimal in infectious disease vaccines, which require the induction of both humoral and cellular immunity. Herein, we optimized polycation hydrophobicity to maximize the efficacy of humoral and cellular immunity induction, using biodegradable amphiphilic polyaspartamide derivatives as a platform. The side chains of the polymers contain cationic diethylenetriamine (DET) and hydrophobic 2-cyclohexylethyl (CHE) moieties at varying ratios. Increasing the CHE introduction ratio enhanced immunostimulatory adjuvanticity by activating NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, leading to more efficient activation of cultured dendritic cells. Following subcutaneous injection into mice, polyplexes with higher CHE introduction ratios improved protein expression efficiency in the draining lymph nodes and induced robust germinal center responses. Consequently, antibody responses were enhanced with higher CHE introduction ratios in vaccinations targeting a model antigen and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Furthermore, the vaccination elicited both CD8-positive and CD4-positive T cells in a Th1-skewed manner. In a distribution analysis, protein expression from the delivered mRNA was localized to the injection site and draining lymph nodes, avoiding a safety concern associated with systemic distribution. Collectively, this study demonstrates that the introduction of hydrophobic moieties into polyaspartamide derivatives is an effective and safe strategy to enhance the efficacy of polyplex-based mRNA vaccines targeting infectious diseases.

关键词： mRNA vaccines Humoral and cellular immunity Polyplex Hydrophobicity Adjuvanticity NLRP3 inflammasome

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Optimizing of an antibacterial silk suture covered with synergistic antibiotics-loaded thermo-responsive chitosan hydrogel against resistant clinical isolates

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2025年 315卷 144638页

作者： Taherian, Zahra Khosravimelal, Sadjad Ajamian, Farzam Eftekhari, Samane Alizadeh, Sanaz Adel, Bashir Aliakbar Ahovan, Zahra Hashemi, Ali Farshi, Paniz Jajarmi, Vahid Cameron, Neil R. Gholipourmalekabadi, Mazaher Cellular and Molecular Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Biology Faculty of science University of Guilan Rasht Iran Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Allied Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Burn Research Center Iran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center Hope Generation Foundation Tehran Iran Biomaterials Group Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biotechnology School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Tehran Iran

Postoperative wound infections have posed a substantial burden on healthcare systems, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates. To address this issue, researchers have focused on fabricating antibacterial sutures to prevent post-suturing infections. In this study, we present the design and fabrication of a novel antibacterial suture using silk and chitosan. The silk sutures were coated with a thermo-sensitive chitosan hydrogel containing colistin/meropenem (Col/Mer) at concentrations of 64/128 μg/ml, 128/256 μg/ml, and 256/512 μg/ml. Comprehensive characterizations of the fabricated antibacterial sutures were performed, encompassing scanning electron microscopy, in vitro degradation assay, swelling test, drug release behavior, and mechanical analysis. Additionally, the sutures' interactions with fibroblast cells were assessed to evaluate their cytocompatibility. Antibacterial properties of the sutures were also evaluated against standard and resistant clinical isolates. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the sutures was examined in vivo. Our results demonstrated that the antibacterial sutures exhibited a uniform structure, around 15 % weight loss within 35 days, and roughly 10 % water absorption within 24 h. The results also displayed around 0.006 % (w/w), 0.012 % (w/w), and 0.023 % (w/w) drug concentration in 3 antibiotics-loaded samples while exhibiting a controlled-release pattern in 7 days. Antibacterial studies revealed a significant inhibitory effect against both standard and extensively drug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii), as well as the standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Moreover, when employed in vivo, the hydrogel-coated silk sutures demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, with no significant signs of inflammation or immune cell aggregation in histological analysis. In conclusion, our developed antibacterial suture presents promising potential for the prevention of post-suturing infections,

关键词： Controlled drug delivery

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Photopolymerized plastic scintillators capable of neutron and gamma ray discrimination

Photopolymerized plastic scintillators capable of neutron an...

引用

2019 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2019

作者： Lim, Allison Mahl, Adam C. Latta, Joseph Yemam, Henok A. Greife, Uwe Sellinger, Alan Materials Science Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Department of Physics and Nuclear Science and Engineering Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Department of Chemistry Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States

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Spatially Resolved, Error-Robust Multiplexed MicroRNA Profiling in Single Living Cells

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第20期134卷

作者： Wei Wei Dr. Wenhao Dai Dr. Fan Yang Dr. Huiting Lu Dr. Kai Zhang Yi Xing Dr. Xiangdan Meng Dr. Liping Zhou Dr. Yiyi Zhang Qiqi Yang Dr. Yaru Cheng Prof. Dr. Haifeng Dong Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing 30 Xueyuan Road 100083 Beijing China Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing 30 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100083 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic School of Biomedical Engineering Health Science Center Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Road Shenzhen 518060 Guangdong China

Simultaneous imaging of multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) in individual living cells is challenging due to the lack of spectrally distinct encoded fluorophores and non-cytotoxic methods. We describe a multiplexed error-robust combinatorial fluorescent label-encoding method, termed fluorophores encoded error-corrected labels (FluoELs), enabling multiplexed miRNA imaging in living cells with error-correcting capability. The FluoELs comprise proportional dual fluorophores for encoding and a constant quantitative single fluorophore for error-corrected quantification. Both are embedded in 260 nm core–shell silica nanoparticles modified with molecular beacon detection probes. The FluoELs are low cytotoxic and could accurately quantify and spatially resolve nine breast-cancer-related miRNAs and evaluate their coordination. The FluoELs enabled a single-cell analysis platform to evaluate miRNA expression profiles and the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA-associated diseases.

关键词： Error Correction Living Cell Imaging MicroRNA Multiplexed Detection Nanoparticles Spatial Resolution

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Demonstration of a bosonic quantum classifier with data re-uploading

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Ono, Takafumi Roga, Wojciech Wakui, Kentaro Fujiwara, Mikio Miki, Shigehito Terai, Hirotaka Takeoka, Masahiro Program in Advanced Materials Science Faculty of Engineering and Design Kagawa University 2217-20 Hayashi-cho Kagawa Takamatsu761-0396 Japan JST PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Saitama Kawaguchi332-0012 Japan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama223-8522 Japan Koganei Tokyo184-8795 Japan Koganei Tokyo184-8795 Japan Advanced ICT Research Institute National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 588-2 Iwaoka Nishi Kobe651-2492 Japan

In a single qubit system, a universal quantum classifier can be realised using the data-reuploading technique. In this study, we propose a new quantum classifier applying this technique to bosonic systems and successfully demonstrated it using silicon optical integrated quantum circuits. We established a theory of quantum machine learning algorithm applicable to bosonic systems and implemented a programmable optical circuit combined with an interferometer. Learning and classification using part of the implemented optical quantum circuit with uncorrelated two-photons resulted in a classification with a reproduction rate of approximately 94% in the proof of principle experiment. As this method can be applied to arbitrary two-mod N-photon system, further development of optical quantum classifiers, such as extensions to quantum entangled and multi-photon states, is expected in the future. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cell proliferation

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Isolation and anticancer activity assay of stonefish (Synanceia horrida) bioactive stonustoxin

引用

AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2537卷 020002页

作者： Anondho Wijanarko Aulia Firdianna Mikael Januardi Ginting Kenny Lischer Muhamad Sahlan Heri Hermansyah Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia Marine Science Postgraduate Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia Research Center for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast mutate and turn malignant, where the mutated cells spread to other parts of the body and develop into secondary cancer. In 2018, there were 58,256 new cases of breast cancer. With improper handling, breast cancer can be lethal, where there are 22,692 deaths in 2018 alone. One type of cancer with the most sufferers is estrogen, progesterone, and glucocorticoid receptors. Research on cancer treatment continues by looking for potential substances as new drugs. Toxins from animals that are cytolytic can trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. Some studies suggest that the lethal factor of the stonefish poison, Stonustoxin (SNTX), has cytolytic properties that damage cell membranes. This study discusses the stonefish (Synanceia horrida) venom as a breast anticancer agent. Stonefish poison was milked using a syringe, and the SNTX purification was carried out by the FPLC method using a 5 ml HiTrap Q H.P. substantial anion column. The percentage of inhibition of MCF-7 breast cancer cells will be measured using the MTT Assay method. As a result, MCF-7 breast cancer cells could be inhibited with IC50 values of 8.2771 µg/ml.

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